A Novel Processing Route for Ni-doped Alumina Composites

Alumina-based composites containing 0-15wt% Ni metallic phase were produced by hot press-sintering Ni-coated alumina pow-ders. The Ni-coated alumina powders were prepared by the aqueous heterogeneous precipitation of alumina micro-powders and nickel sulfate salt followed by reduction process. The microstructural features and dispersion of Ni phase in Ni-coated alumina powders and the subsequent alumina-Ni cermets were investigated using scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and trans-mission electron microscope (TEM). The relative density of the hot press-sintered composites was measured with the Archimedes’ method while the fracture strength and the fracture toughness were defined with the three-point bending method and the mi-cro-indentation fracture method. In the formation of alumina-Ni cermets from sintered Ni-coated alumina powders, Ni phase to some extent limits the densification rate and stifles the coarsening and growing process of alumina grains. The Ni phase is found to be located at the interfaces and the triple-joint junctions of alumina grains which results into alteration of the fracture mode of alumina and its in-creased fracture strength and fracture toughness if compared with monolithic alumina.     

Preparation and Mechanical Properties of Glass Coats with High Temperature Radar Absorber

BaO-La2O3-B2O3 (BLB) glass, suitable to be used as a sealing between metals, was chosen to be the binder in preparing glass coats on the Ti-alloy substrate. The SiCN nano-powder was introduced as the filler for the absorbing coat because it is considered to be a good high temperature absorber. The effect of the coating temperature and coating time on the tensile strength of the glass coat was investigated and the proper coating parameters to get good mechanical properties were determined. In addition, the effects of the SiCN content on the tensile strength of the absorbing coat were also discussed. Results show that it is possible to prepare the glass coat using the BLB glass as a binder. That the coat formed at 730 ℃ for 30 min has the best tensile strength witnesses 730 ℃, 30 min to be the proper parameter to prepare the glass coat. The BLB glass coat without SiCN powder possesses good tensile strength and the introduc-tion of the SiCN absorber into the glass coat will lower the tensile strength. As the SiCN content increases, the tensile strength of the absorbing coat decreases, which could be attributed to the aggregation of SiCN in the coats.     

改变结构参数对旋流喷嘴内外两相流场的影响

针对一种超细粉体旋流分散喷嘴,在不同进气角度和出口锥角的条件下,采用雷诺应力湍流模型(RSM)并考虑气体的可压缩性,对喷嘴内部及出口附近的强旋、跨声速流场进行了模拟,同时结合离散相模型研究了1~10μm粒子的运动轨迹和质量浓度分布规律.结果显示:改变旋流喷嘴的进气角度对旋流强度和湍流强度影响不大,而出口锥角改变时,喷嘴内的旋流强度有明显变化;随着颗粒密度或出口锥角增大,或进气角度减小,旋流喷嘴内粒子的临界逃逸粒径相应减小;在喷嘴后方,颗粒相达到较好的扩散均匀性所需的掺混距离约为20倍喷嘴出口直径.      

高强阻尼铝合金的阻尼性能和组织稳定性

采用时效处理实验,研究了快速凝固/粉末冶金工艺制备的X7093/5(Zn-30Al)高强度阻尼铝合金的阻尼性能和组织稳定性.将阻尼铝合金分别在50℃,100℃,120℃保温10?h,50?h,100?h后空冷,采用动态力学热分析仪(DMTA)和透射电镜(TEM)分别测试其阻尼性能和观察微观组织的变化情况.研究结果表明: 阻尼铝合金在时效过程中,组织结构由最初细碎杂乱的晶态结构转变为具有规则晶界的大晶粒结构,晶界对合金阻尼性能的贡献增强.在室温至250℃的温度范围内,合金阻尼值由4×10^-3增至3.0×10^-2.阻尼铝合金在120℃以下、100?h以内的时效处理中,时效温度和时效时间的不同对合金阻尼性能的影响不显著,材料的阻尼性能稳定性良好.     

连续粒径粉体在浆体中的堆积密度

采用测定相同流动度时浆体需水量的方法,试验证明了不同粒径分布的矿粉其堆积密度有显著的差异.将浆体中的粉体颗粒及其表面包裹着的一层水膜作为复合颗粒,从而将求浆体中粉体颗粒堆积密度的问题转化为求假想复合颗粒体系的堆积密度问题,在Stovall模型的基础上推导了浆体中连续粒径粉体的堆积密度计算公式;通过试验确定了该公式中的待定参数值,并对公式的适用性进行了验证,结果表明:用该公式可以根据粉体的粒径分布计算它在浆体中的堆积密度.      

概率分析方法在粉末冶金涡轮盘疲劳蠕变寿命预测中的应用

基于某粉末冶金材料的力学性能试验结果,结合专家经验、同类产品信息和现场数据,得到了该材料的蠕变寿命和疲劳寿命在不同温度下的概率密度分布曲线;采用有限元法对某粉末冶金涡轮盘在实际谱循环载荷作用下的最危险部位的应力进行了计算,利用上述试验结果和疲劳蠕变统一寿命模型,得到了不同置信度下粉末冶金涡轮盘的实际安全寿命。     

超细铝粉的燃烧特性及燃烧模型

运用ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ、ＰＤＳＣ单幅近距摄影、扫描电镜、推进剂爆热的测定等多种实验技术，对超细铝粉燃烧特性及其燃烧模型进行了研究。结果表明，在中压区，推进剂燃面的ＳＡ１直接点火燃烧放热，提高了推进剂燃速，并提出了ＳＡ１在推进剂燃面上直接点火的观战及燃面点火的两个条件；揭示了铝粉在中、高压区内的不同作用，提出了铝焰的概念；绘制了铝和ＳＡ１的燃烧行为图。     

前驱体法制备Ta4HfC5超纯超细纳米粉体

利用实验室自制铪酸酯和钽酸酯为原料,经水解缩合后得到了含铪钽元素的聚合物PHT,引入酚醛(PF)作为C源,制备了Ta_4HfC_5前驱体,经固化、高温裂解后,获得了超纯超细Ta_4HfC_5纳米粉体。通过XRD、元素分析和SEM对不同工艺条件下陶瓷产物的晶相组成和微观形貌进行了表征;对陶瓷粉体进行了粒度分析。结果表明,合成的前驱体结构稳定,常温避光储存3个月后黏度几乎没有变化,对于复材加工的工艺适应性良好。在酚醛用量3.25 wt%(以PHT质量分数100%计算)、煅烧温度为1 450℃、保温时间为1.5 h的合成条件下,可以得到纯相的Ta_4HfC_5粉体,晶粒尺寸为25～50 nm,粒径分布在100～200 nm之间,Dv(50)=136 nm。     

纳米级金属粉对GAP热分解特性的影响

用ＤＳＣ和ＴＧ研究了纳米级Ｃｕ和Ｎｉ粉、超细Ａｌ粉和超细Ｎｉ粉以及普通Ｃｕ粉和Ａ粉对ＧＡＰ（聚叠氮缩水甘油醚）热分解特性的影响。ＤＳＣ实验结果表明：ＧＡＰ／金属粉样品有两个放热峰,高温区的放热峰是金属的氧化峰,峰温受气氛影响,低温区放热峰是ＧＡＰ的分解峰,不受气氛影响;金属Ｃｕ对ＧＡＰ的分解峰影响最大,其中纳米级Ｃｕ（ｎｍ－Ｃｕ）使ＧＡＰ分解放热峰的峰值温度提前了３３．２℃,普通Ｃｕ对ＧＡＰ的分解     

快速凝固/粉末冶金工艺Al-Fe-Mo-Si基复合阻尼材料阻尼性能与机制

通过对材料动态力学性能的测试,研究了采用快速凝固/粉末冶金工艺制备的Al-Fe-Mo-Si基复合阻尼材料Al-Fe-Mo-Si/Zn-Al和Al-Fe-Mo-Si/Al/Zn Al的阻尼性能,并对其阻尼机制进行了讨论。结果表明:在20～250℃的温度范围内,两种材料的阻尼性能(Q-1)处于(0.5～3.1)×10-2之间,复合有较多Zn Al且挤压比较大的Al Fe Mo-Si/Zn-Al的阻尼性能要优于Al-Fe-Mo-Si/Al/Zn-Al。低温时由大挤压变形引入的高密度位错阻尼在材料内耗机制中占据主导地位,而在高温区界面阻尼的影响逐渐增加,同时由于热激活作用,位错阻尼随着温度的升高表现出不同的作用机制,二者共同决定着材料的内耗特性。