WIFI AIDED INTEGRITY IMPROVEMENT IN MEMS INS/GNSS INTEGRATION

The reliability of global navigation satellite system （GNSS） positioning degrades when satellite signals are interfered. Such degradation is hard to be deteced by a micro-electro mechanical system （MEMS） based inertial system（INS）/GNSS, integrating navigation system with a conventional Kalman filtering, which results in poten- tial integrity problem of the system. Hence, an algorithm combining wireless fidelity （WiFi） signal with a federa- ted Kalman filter （FKF） is proposed to identify the system integrity in dense urban navigation. The criterion of the system integrity detection is created followed by the derivation of the integrity coefficient. The field test shows that integrity changes can be captured by applying WiFi, and the maximum positioning error is reduced by 67~ without compensation of inertial sensors in integrity deterioration.     

微型惯导系统在余度配置时的转动标定技术研究

余度技术是提高惯性导航系统性能的一种重要手段。对微小型惯性组合导航系统中的惯性传感器多余度配置技术进行了研究,开发了MEMS惯性器件构成的微型余度配置惯导系统,分析了微小型惯性组合导航系统的特点和误差特性,并经过测试分析,建立了惯性传感器的误差模型。针对余度配置系统静态标定精度低的问题,提出了六位置转动标定算法,该算法只需要一个单轴速率转台就可以标定出IMU误差参数,并对采用低精度陀螺的惯性系统标定具有通用性。经过实际系统测试分析,误差补偿后的微型余度配置惯导系统的系统导航精度明显提高,验证了算法的有效性。     

航天领域微纳米技术发展前景

介绍了微纳米技术的基本含义和国内外主要进展，讨论了该技术在航天技术领域的应用情况和发展趋势，提出了我国发展该项技术重视的主要问题。     

基于MEMS IMU的舵面运动测量仪

针对飞行器升降舵、副翼角运动的测试需求,提出了单轴捷联姿态系统的原理及算法,介绍了基于MEMS陀螺仪和加速度计的舵面运动测量仪的构成,并对测量仪的工作过程进行了仿真.仿真表明,测量仪的性能满足舵面运动测量的需要.     

基于混合特征匹配的微惯性/激光雷达组合导航方法

微惯性/激光雷达(MEMS IMU/LADAR)组合导航系统在室内应用时,由于室内结构化环境下环境特征(如点和线段)分布稀疏,传统的单一特征匹配算法存在观测盲区,易造成导航定位参数估计误差大的问题。基于此,研究了激光雷达自适应数据分割方法的点和线段的特征提取算法,提出了基于混合特征匹配观测模型的MEMS IMU/LADR扩展卡尔曼滤波(EKF)算法。同时,设计了MEMS IMU/LADR组合导航试验样机,在室内环境下通过试验对滤波算法进行了验证。结果表明:提出的算法在室内结构化环境下相比传统单一点或线特征匹配组合定位算法的定位精度可提高60%,对于小型旋翼无人飞行器在室内结构化环境中的高精度定位具有较高的参考意义。     

Inflatable shape changing colonies assembling versatile smart space structures

Various plants have the ability to follow the sun with their flowers or leaves during the course of a day via a mechanism known as heliotropism. This mechanism is characterised by the introduction of pressure gradients between neighbouring motor cells in the plant?s stem, enabling the stem to bend. By adapting this bio-inspired mechanism to mechanical systems, a new class of smart structures can be created. The developed overall structure is made up of a number of cellular colonies, each consisting of a central pressure source surrounded by multiple cells. After launch, the cellular arrays are deployed in space and are either preassembled or alternatively are attached together during their release or afterwards. A central pressure source is provided by a high-pressure storage unit with an integrated valve, which provides ingress gas flow to the system; the gas is then routed through the system via a sequence of valve operations and cellular actuations, allowing for any desired shape to be achieved within the constraints of the deployed array geometry. This smart structure consists of a three dimensional adaptable cellular array with fluid controlling Micro Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) components enabling the structure to change its global shape. The proposed MEMS components include microvalves, pressure sensors, mechanical interconnect structures, and electrical routing. This paper will also give an overview of the system architecture and shows the feasibility and shape changing capabilities of the proposed design with multibody dynamic simulations. Example applications of this lightweight shape changing structure include concentrators, mirrors, and communications antennas that are able to dynamically change their focal point, as well as substructures for solar sails that are capable of steering through solar winds by altering the sails? subjected area.     

微型磁通门传感器研究的现状与未来发展

叙述微型磁通门传感器研究的现状 ,介绍微型磁通门传感器的结构和加工工艺 ,比较不同类型微型磁通门的差异 ,探讨微型磁通门传感器研究的发展方向     

BLKF方法抑制MEMS惯性传感器随机噪声

针对微机电系统（MEMS）惯性传感器应用卡尔曼滤波（KF）处理数据时随机噪声难以估计的缺点,提出一种基于贝叶斯拉普拉斯卡尔曼滤波（BLKF）的随机噪声更新方法。该方法利用拉普拉斯近似算法,将贝叶斯边缘分布近似表示,能够避免贝叶斯方法更新过程中由于数据维数较大造成后验边缘分布较难估计的情况,提高对随机噪声的更新效率和精度。通过陀螺仪转台实验采集实验数据,运用KF与BLKF分别滤波。对比滤波结果可发现,BLKF比KF能更好地反映真实角速度状态。同时,在陀螺仪角速度变化时,BLKF的可靠性和准确性更高,滤波效果更具优势,能够达到抑制MEMS惯性传感器随机噪声的目的。     

基于增益在线辨识的微机电陀螺 标度因数补偿技术研究

标度因数温度稳定性是微机电陀螺的关键指标之一,是评价陀螺温度性能的重要依据。推导并分析了温度对陀螺标度因数的影响,指出驱动模态振动位移、检测通路电路增益及两模态频差是影响陀螺标度因数温度稳定性的3个重要因素,测试了对标度因数影响较大的电路增益和频差在温度变化条件下的变化。对此设计了基于增益在线辨识技术的标度因数温度补偿方案并进行了数值及宏模型仿真,通过在驱动端和检测端施加一远离陀螺工作频率的辅助信号实时辨识出电路的增益变化,进而进行增益补偿,同时对陀螺频差变化带来的影响也进行了补偿。仿真结果表明该方法能够大幅提高陀螺标度因数的温度稳定性,由未补偿下的7.93×10~(-4)/℃降至1.0×10~(-5)/℃以内,改善幅度达98%以上。     

基于双框架控制力矩陀螺的航天器动量管理

为减小维持大型航天器的姿态稳定和降低能量消耗的动量管理中的扰动力矩对姿态稳定的干扰,设计了周期性抑制滤波器。姿态控制的执行机构采用双框架控制力矩陀螺群（DGCMGs）,应用KENNEL操纵率,使航天器执行机构的角动量在本体系的x轴分量和偏航角可达稳定,同时角动量在本体系的z轴分量和滚转角可在较小的范围内振荡。数值仿真结果验证了方案的可行性。