离心压气机确定应力场分析

采用定常和非定常数值模拟技术,研究了某跨声离心压气机内的固有非定常流动.对比分析了定常流场和非定常时均流场之间的差别,着重分析了通道内确定应力的分布规律以及交界面确定应力的分布特点.结果表明,叶轮和扩压器中的确定应力在数值上相当,通道内的确定应力沿周向分布有较大的梯度、沿流向分布的总体趋势是从交界面向两侧迅速衰减,交界面处的确定应力和其空间相关项之间在数值上存在一定的偏差.      

压气机内有效滞止压力概念及其应用探索

提出了有效滞止压力的概念来综合考虑流体微团速率与方向对其做功能力的影响,并结合风扇/压气机内部流动的设计要求,从工程应用层面给出了有效滞止压力和压差系数的定义.初步结果表明,有效滞止压力的应用可以更好地反映流动方向对叶轮机非定常流场的影响,并使得流场性能参数对流场质量的变化更敏感,对于合理分析非定常流场是有益的.      

人椅系统绕流流场的数值模拟

以某种成熟型号的弹射座椅为研究对象,对其进行合理简化、改进,获得了接近实体的人椅系统几何模型.借助CFD软件FLUENT,采用控制容积法,对N-S方程、壁面函数、标准湍流方程进行了求解.在验证计算数据与实验数据相吻合的基础上,考察了马赫数为0.2,0.6,1.2,攻角为0°60°,偏转角为0°30°条件下可压缩人椅系统绕流流场情况,得到了人椅系统绕流流场的流速、压力、马赫数、表面压力及气动力参数分布情况和变化规律.结果表明:高马赫数、零攻角、大偏转角对人体造成的损害程度最大.      

高比转速跨声离心/斜流压气机流动特点分析

以自行设计的多组高比转速跨声离心/斜流叶轮为例,采用数值模拟方法,在级环境下分析了其总体性能及内部流动机理.着重分析了不同设计方案对叶轮内部激波、叶尖泄漏及出口流场的影响.计算结果表明,合理控制叶轮进口激波、叶尖泄漏及二次流损失,能够明显提高叶轮效率;斜流压气机在高比转速下具有明显的优势.     

高超声速巡航飞行器机身多目标优化设计

类乘波体构型是高超声速巡航飞行器的重要气动布局之一.对这类构型的机体进行多目标优化设计能极大地提高飞行器的总体性能.本文采用多目标混合遗传算法,通过两种优化策略,实现了类乘波体高超声速巡航飞行器机身的总体性能多目标优化设计,考虑的性能指标包括机身气动升阻特性、推阻特性、配平特性、雷达隐身特性、机身容积以及驻点温度等等.优化设计得到了Pareto最优前沿面,获得了比基本构型飞行器总体性能更优的构型方案.通过对优化结果的分析,指出机体/推进一体化设计的不足和进行总体性能多目标优化设计的必要性,给出一个最优布局构型,并进行了气动力风洞实验,验证了最优布局的气动特性.     

Experimental study of hysteresis and catastrophe in a cavity-based scramjet combustor

Hystereses and catastrophes were experimentally investigated in a cavity-based scramjet combustor. The inflow Mach number was 3.0. Fuel Equivalence Ratio(ER) was continuously regulated with multi-steps to explore influences of historical regulation directions on combustion states. Two divided hysteresis loops with catastrophes were observed. By 1-D flow estimations,the first loop occurred with shock-free/separated scramjet mode transitions, while the second kept in the separated scramjet mode. T...     

Maneuver control at high angle of attack based on real-time optimization of integrated aero-propulsion

To reduce the propulsion system installation thrust loss under high angle of attack maneuvering, a control method based on real-time optimization of the integrated aeropropulsion is proposed. Firstly, based on data fitting and physical principle, an integrated onboard model of propulsion system is established, which can calculate various performance parameters of the propulsion system in real time, and has high accuracy and real-time performance. Secondly, to improve the compatibility of optimiz...     

Study of geometric parameters for the design of short intakes with fan modelling

The flow over a short intake is characterised by a strong interaction with the fan, that can only be captured when the rotor blades are modelled in the numerical simulations. In this paper, we use a coupled methodology to derive indications about relevant geometric variables affecting the high-incidence operation of an ultra-high bypass ratio turbofan intake with a length-to-diameter ratio of 0.35. By reproducing the effect of the fan through a body force model, we carry out a parametric study o...     

Element and Isotopic Fractionation in Closed Magnetic Structures

Recent papers have suggested that the slow solar wind is a super-position of material which is released by reconnection from large coronal loops. This reconnection process is driven by large-scale motions of solar magnetic flux driven by the non-radial expansion of the solar wind from the differentially rotating photosphere into more rigidly rotating coronal holes. The elemental composition of the slow solar wind material is observed to be fractionated and more variable than the fast solar wind from coronal holes. Recently, it has also been reported that fractionation also occurs in 3He/4He. This may be interpreted in the frame-work of an existing model for fractionation on large coronal loops in which wave-particle interactions preferentially heat ions thereby modifying their scale-heights. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

SiC颗粒影响SiCp／Cu复合材料物理性能的研究

运用多元回归分析方法,研究了ＳｉＣ颗粒含量、粒度及纯度对ＳｉＣｐ／Ｃｕ复合材料热膨胀系数和导热率的影响规律。研究表明,影响材料热膨胀系数和导热率的主要因素为ＳｉＣ颗粒含量。随着ＳｉＣ颗粒含量的增加,复合材料的热膨胀系数和导热率降低;ＳｉＣ颗粒越小,热膨胀系数越低,而导热率越好;适当增加杂质含量有利于获得较高的导热率。