MEMORIS: a wide angle camera for the BepiColombo mission

MEMORIS (MErcury Moderate Resolution Imaging System) is a wide angle camera (WAC) concept for the ESA mission BepiColombo. The main scientific objectives consist of observing the whole surface of Mercury in the spectral range of 400–1000 nm, with a spatial resolution of 50 m per pixel at peri-Herm (400 km) and 190 m at apo-Herm (1500 km). It will obtain a map of Mercury in stereo mode allowing the determination of a digital elevation model with a panchromatic filter through two different channels. The camera will also perform multispectral imaging of the surface with a set of 8–12 different broad band filters. A third channel dedicated to limb observations will provide images of the atmosphere. MEMORIS will thus monitor the surface and the atmosphere during the entire mission, providing a unique opportunity to study the relationship between surface regions and the atmosphere, as suggested by ground-based observations and theory.     

基于VLBI的上行组阵标校技术研究

天线组阵能否完全替代大口径天线有一个关键性难题,就是天线阵是否支持上行链路组阵。深空航天器无法将不同地面天线的上行信号对齐,所以上行链路信号的调整必须在地面完成。针对上行组阵发射机相位调整问题,提出一种基于VLBI(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,甚长基线干涉测量)技术的接收模式天线上行组阵标校方案,并对标校精度进行了简要分析。将上行链路时延分解为几何时延和发射系统时延,建立了几何时延模型,通过标定接收时延和发射时延,便可以得到天线阵元间的相位标校值。理论分析结果表明,该方案具有一定的可行性,对上行组阵相位标校的研究具有一定的借鉴意义。     

低速风洞试验腹撑支架干扰分析

支架干扰修正在风洞试验数据修正体系中是很重要的环节,支撑系统对整个风洞流场的干扰是不可避免的,有些气动数据的测量值甚至会严重偏离真实结果,所以支架干扰修正方法一直是风洞数据处理的关键。常规的低速风洞试验一般采用腹撑支杆,对于支架干扰的修正一般采用试验映像两步法。对某型运输飞机低速风洞试验的支架干扰修正进行分析,数值模拟了支架对风洞流场环境的影响,研究了现行风洞数据支架干扰修正体系。     

深空干涉测量天线G/T值指标设计

G/T是天线的一项重要技术指标,在综合考虑测地VLBI(Very Long Baseline Interferometry,甚长基线干涉测量)和航天器VLBI观测两者需求的基础上,提出了深空干涉测量天线的G/T指标设计方法.首先根据射电源的空间分布以及流量密度特性,确定了测地VLBI和航天器VLBI观测模式下射电源流量密度的要求.在此基础上建立了2种观测模式下时延误差与深空干涉测量天线G/T之间的关系模型.最后参考目前国际国内测地VLBI观测中的通用参数设置以及月球探测任务中航天器VLBI观测的参数设置,对不同观测任务、不同观测模式下的G/T要求进行仿真分析.综合测地VLBI和航天器VLBI观测仿真分析的结果,S频段G/T建议不小于32 dB/K,X频段G/T建议不小于43 dB/K.仿真分析结果可以作为后续深空干涉测量天线G/T设计的参考.     

Search for primordial antiparticles with BESS

The Balloon-borne Experiment with a Superconducting Spectrometer (BESS) has been carried out to search for primordial antiparticles in cosmic rays. In ten flights from 1993 to 2004, it measured the cosmic-ray antiproton spectrum in the energy range 0.1–4.2 GeV at various solar activity conditions. It also searched for antideuterons and antihelium nuclei, and it made precise measurement of cosmic-ray particle spectra. The BESS program has been extended to long duration balloon (LDB) flights in Antarctica (BESS-Polar) with the goal of achieving unprecedented sensitivity in the search for primordial antiparticles. This report describes recent results from BESS and progress of the BESS-Polar program.     

METHIS: Mercury thermal infrared spectrometer

The BepiColombo mission to Mercury is devoted to the thorough exploration of Mercury and its environment, with the aim to understand the processes of planetary formation and evolution in the hottest part of the protoplanetary nebula. This mission represents an unique opportunity for the European community to extend the understanding of the Solar Nebula evolution from its outer edge – ideally represented by comets – to its inner and warmer edge. Obviously this exploration asks for a detailed knowledge of the main constituents of the matter present in the different Solar System areas. Spectroscopy is a powerful tool to acquire this knowledge. We have participated with a large consortium of European researchers to the development of the Rosetta imaging spectrometer. We propose here to use our experience to develop a newly designed spectrometer to investigate the mineralogical composition of the Mercurial surface. Given the particular thermodynamical situation of the Mercurial surface, we have developed a concept that combines a medium IR low spectral resolution imager with a moderate spectral resolution NIR point spectrometer. The main goal of METHIS is to provide the mineralogical characterisation of the surface with sufficient spectral resolution in a scientifically diagnostic spectral range.     

TDICCD相机动态成像技术

文中首先介绍了时间延迟积分TDI(Time Delay Integration)器件在实时观测相机上的应用。然后,作者从TDICCD相机设计出发,在实验室加工了两套TDICCD相机动态成像装置,动态成像质量达到了满意的结果。     

基于通用计算机平台的星载合成孔径雷达成像处理系统

针对通用微型计算机平台的特点，基于面向对象的设计思想，结合工程化的要求，进行了星载合成孔径雷达(SAR)成像处理系统的方案设计和软件实现。该系统能够完成针对真实星载SAR数据的辅助数据处理、轨道参数估计、多普勒参数估计、成像处理、成像结果显示以及产品数据打包等一系列任务，实现从星载SAR回波数据到1级产品数据的处理流程。同时，该系统具有功能完整、精度高、有较强通用性、稳定性、易用性的优点。通过实际运行、测试，证明设计合理、性能稳定。     

机载合成孔径雷达ETF成像算法研究

根据传统ETF成像算法,详细推导机载斜视模式下最优聚焦函数,分析算法使用中应该满足的分块处理条件,给出算法实现流程。与传统ETF算法相比,该算法推导过程方位相位的计算不作近似截取而作准确计算,使得该算法具最优的相位精度。分块处理条件的推导为算法的实际应用提供了理论依据。点目标仿真以及原始回波数据成像结果证明该算法有效。     

高分辨率星载聚束式SAR的极坐标格式成像处理

极坐标格式算法是应用于聚束式 SAR成像处理的经典算法。基于极坐标格式算法 ,研究了高分辨率星载聚束式 SAR的成像处理及相关问题 ,分析了非平面运动、运动测量误差对成像质量的影响。最后 ,通过计算机仿真 ,给出高分辨率的星载聚束式 SAR的成像结果。