GEO SAR长合成孔径时间弯曲轨迹成像试验

地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达（GEO SAR）具有重访周期短,观测范围广等优点,在军事及民用领域具有重要的应用价值。针对GEO SAR长合成孔径时间弯曲轨迹复杂成像特性,首次提出一种地面演示验证方法,对长合成孔径时间弯曲轨迹下成像可行性进行验证。给出长合成孔径时间弯曲轨迹定量分析过程,提出具体试验方案,最后角反射器成像品质评估结果表明可实现长合成孔径时间弯曲轨迹下目标点成像。     

FMCW SAR频率变标算法研究

根据调频连续波合成孔径雷达（FMCW SAR）的特点及其信号模型,研究了频率变标算法在FMCWSAR成像中的成像方法,给出了频率变标处理距离单元徙动（RCM）中的校正压缩处理,以及算法的流程。点目标仿真结果证实算法有效。     

关于亚像元成像技术几个问题的探讨

综述了国内外关于亚像元成像技术的有关概念 ,就探测器的不同配置方式和不同采样模式的图像数据量和理论空间分辨率的提高倍数进行了分析 ,探讨了传输型遥感系统适用亚像元成像的前提条件 ,并就亚像元技术的实现途径提出了 3种方案。     

地球同步轨道SAR曲线轨迹模型和成像算法研究

由于地球同步轨道合成孔径雷达(GEO SAR)轨道高度高,地球自转对其影响较为严重,其相对地球的运动变得更为复杂,低轨SAR中的直线轨迹模型已不能精确逼近其真实成像几何,基于该模型推导的成像算法也不再适用。针对这一问题,本文首先根据GEO SAR平台的运动特点,使用高阶逼近模型建立了适用于GEO SAR长合成孔径时间的斜距方程,并结合级数反演法,推导出该斜距方程下的二维频谱高阶近似表达式。在此基础上提出了一种二维频域成像算法并分析了其运算量。该算法所有操作都由快速傅里叶变换和相位点乘完成,具有较高的效率。点目标仿真结果表明本文斜距方程精度较高,该算法能实现GEO SAR全孔径高精度成像。     

成像观测卫星多星联合调度模型及其列生成求解算法研究

首先介绍成像观测卫星调度问题的特点和主要约束,将成像观测卫星调度分为调度预处理、调度模型及求解、调度结果评估3个阶段。在此基础上,论述成像观测卫星调度模型,并采用列生成法,将多卫星调度问题分解为集合分割主问题和单卫星调度子问题,通过循环迭代来求解调度模型。最后,针对本文提出的算法设计一个问题实例,并给出算法计算结果。结果分析表明,本文提出的模型和算法能较好解决实际应用问题。     

Adaptive modification of turbofan engine nonlinear model based on LSTM neural networks and hybrid optimization method

An accurate and reliable turbofan engine model which can describe its dynamic behavior within the full flight envelop and lifecycle plays a critical role in performance optimization, controller design and fault diagnosis. However, due to the performance differences caused by the tolerance of engine manufacturing and assembly, and performance degradation during continuously stringent environmental regulations, the model accuracy is severely reduced. In this paper, an adaptive modification method of turbofan engine nonlinear Component-Llevel Model (CLM) based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) Neural Network (NN) and hybrid optimization algorithm is pro-posed. First, a dynamic compensator with a combined LSTM NN architecture is constructed to compensate for the initial error between the experimental data and CLM of a turbofan engine under health condition. Then, a sensitivity analysis approach based on the entropy coefficient and technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution integrated evaluation is developed to choose the unmeasurable health parameters to be adjusted. Finally, a parallel hybrid optimization algorithm is developed to complete the adaptive model modification when the performance degrades. The proposed method is verified on a military low-bypass twin-spool turbofan engine, and the experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

美国成像侦察卫星的发展

美国从20世纪60年代开始发射照像侦察卫星,锁眼(Keyhole)系列卫星和长曲棍球卫星是其中重要的代表。这两种卫星可分为3类:1)胶片返回式照像侦察卫星;2)光电传输式照像侦察卫星;3)雷达成像侦察卫星。文章主要介绍锁眼系列卫星和长曲棍球卫星的发展、所用遥感器性能及成像能力等。     

Development overview of the revised NASA Ultra Long Duration Balloon

The desire for longer duration stratospheric flights at constant float altitudes for heavy payloads has been the focus of the development of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s (NASA) Ultra Long Duration Balloon (ULDB) effort. Recent efforts have focused on ground testing and analysis to understand the previously observed issue of balloon deployment. A revised approach to the pumpkin balloon design has been tested through ground testing of model balloons and through two test flights. The design approach does not require foreshortening, and will significantly reduce the balloon handling during manufacture reducing the chances of inducing damage to the envelope. Successful ground testing of model balloons lead to the fabrication and test flight of a ∼176,000 m³ (∼6.2 MCF – Million Cubic Foot) balloon. Pre-flight analytical predictions predicted that the proposed flight balloon design to be stable and should fully deploy. This paper provides an overview of this first test flight of the revised Ultra Long Duration Balloon design which was a short domestic test flight from Ft. Sumner, NM, USA. This balloon fully deployed, but developed a leak under pressurization. After an extensive investigation to the cause of the leak, a second test flight balloon was fabricated. This ∼176,000 m³ (∼6.2 MCF) balloon was flown from Kiruna, Sweden in June of 2006. Flight results for both test flights, including flight performance are presented.     

2219薄板铝合金浮动式双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接及组织性能分析

以运载火箭助推器贮箱广泛应用的4 mm厚2219薄板铝合金为焊接对象,研制了浮动式双轴肩搅拌头,分析了内部塑性金属流动模式及特点,并推测出需匹配较低焊接热输入才能获得优质焊缝。工艺探索及优化试验结果直接验证了焊缝内部塑性金属流动模式及推测。接头宏观组织形貌分析结果显示:不同焊接速度下的焊缝横截面宏观形貌都可以观察洋葱环特征,且随着焊接速度提高,洋葱环特征越发增多,并从靠近前进侧的焊核区逐渐向后退侧孕育发展,这也有效验证了薄板铝合金双轴肩搅拌头的设计思路。薄板铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接头横截面显微硬度分布均呈"U"型,接头显微硬度最低点位于焊核区与后退侧热机影响区的交界处。接头力学性能测试结果显示:随着焊接速度逐渐升高,接头抗拉强度逐渐升高,且当焊接速度达到350 mm/min时,接头抗拉强度达到最高值。铝合金浮动式双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接头延伸率整体较高,焊接速度对其影响不大。铝合金双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊接头正、背弯均可以达到180°无裂纹。基于立式纵缝搅拌摩擦焊系统成功实现了2 m长试片的浮动式双轴肩搅拌摩擦焊,累计焊接长度达到60 m,且双轴肩搅拌头完整,未发现裂纹、扭曲或其他损伤。     

发动机环形燃烧室点火过程可视化实验研究

为有效捕捉环形燃烧室中火焰传播规律明晰其点火联焰机理,在浙江大学TurboCombo实验平台上,借助高速相机记录燃烧室整个点火过程,开展可视化实验研究。本文主要介绍了三种构型下(直喷环形燃烧室、斜喷环形燃烧室、带涡轮导叶的直喷环形燃烧室)的点火过程相关机理研究,分析了：火焰传播过程特征;斜流喷嘴引入周向速度分量后所作用周向联焰的过程;涡轮导叶对周向点火过程和周向点火时间的影响。研究表明,高速可视化测量可追踪环形燃烧室中整个点火过程,有助于明晰环形燃烧室点火联焰机理。该项研究有助于APU等航空发动机高空点火性能的分析。