10°尖锥转捩诱导负荷的实验研究

当θｃ＝１０°之尖锥边界层出现转捩流态时，由于背风面与迎风面边界层转捩的不对称性所诱导的气动负荷，包括诱导法向力，诱导俯仰力矩，以及诱导法向力的作用点要随雷诺数而变化，转捩诱导法向力的存在，证实边界层转捩会在物面上诱导出压力增量，即存在着转捩诱导压力。     

边界层特性对雷诺数变化的敏感性分析

通过对有压力梯度下的边界层进行研究，模拟低压涡轮叶片表面边界层的发展过程，并分析了叶片表面不同负荷分布形式情况下吸力面边界层特性对雷诺数的敏感程度。计算中，分别采用了三种典型的涡轮气动负荷分布形式：后加载、前加载、均匀加载等，并分别模拟了三种不同的雷诺数下的边界层发展情况。结果表明：在同一雷诺数情况下，不同负荷分布形式吸力面边界层发展呈现出明显差异；而不同负荷分布形式下叶片表面边界层特性对雷诺数的敏感程度也不一样，相对而言，均匀加载形式对雷诺数的敏感程度最小，更适应低雷诺数条件下工作。     

综合应用力学知识的实验教学项目研究

在研究理论力学及材料力学知识基础上，结合学生知识能力结构培养要求，提出了基于等强度梁的静载荷应力、冲击动载荷应力、动载荷系数及固有频率测定的综合验证性实验项目解决方案，该方案兼顾了静态与动态测试的特点和要求，说明了静态应力与动应力的关系，解决了学生人数增加和常规力学实验设备短缺的矛盾。     

基于A320飞机横航向控制律架构的LQ设计

前缘缝翼、襟翼活动面及其支承结构的疲劳试验是民用飞机取证前要开展的一项重要工作。在试验中采用主动驱动和随动加载方法加载,不仅能缩小试验规模,同时可提高试验精度。国内某型机采用此技术成功进行了前缘缝翼、襟翼及其悬挂结构的疲劳试验。从试验件及其支承设计、系统构成和载荷与运行三方面,介绍了一种适用于大中型固定翼飞机前缘缝翼和襟翼的疲劳试验技术。     

运载火箭发射场无人值守加注发射技术研究

针对我国火箭在发射场射前操作项目多、保障人员多的问题，分析了国内外火箭发射场无人值守加注发射的现状。结合火箭射前状态，从火箭系统、地面测发控系统和发射场系统等方面提出了无人值守加注发射总体方案，通过火箭状态远程监测及故障处理技术、连接器零秒脱落技术、箭地接口组合连接技术、连接器自动对接技术和火工品自动短路保护与解保技术等关键技术研究，可提高人员和产品的安全性，为后续我国火箭实现无人值守加注发射提供参考。     

Using tandem blades to break loading limit of highly loaded axial compressors

It is confirmed that tandem-blade configurations have potential to enlarge the flow turning in two-dimension(2D) studies. However, the potential of tandem blades to enlarge the design space for highly loaded axial compressors was rarely investigated in open literatures. The present work aims to show the capability of tandem blades to break the loading limit of conventional blades for highly loaded compressors. The 2D models of the maximum static pressure rise derived in previous work were valida...     

低雷诺数下高亚声速压气机叶型流动损失机理研究

以高亚声速压气机叶型为研究对象,利用数值模拟手段研究了不同雷诺数Re条件下叶片近壁面分离泡结构和边界层发展的内在关联,基于Denton损失模型,揭示了低Re下压气机叶型性能退化内因;在此基础上,通过叶型改型设计,获得两种不同载荷分布的新叶型,对比分析了载荷分布对分离泡结构和叶型流动损失的影响。结果表明,Re从1.2×10~6降低到1.5×10~5时,吸力面分离泡长度增加11.2%轴向弦长,此时叶型边界层损失略有增加,而叶型尾迹损失增加接近150%,分离泡强烈的"位移效应"导致尾迹损失急剧增加是低Re下压气机叶型性能退化的主要原因;采用前加载叶型能够促使转捩提前发生,同时降低流向逆压梯度,有效抑制分离泡的形成和发展,改善低Re条件下高亚声速压气机叶型的气动性能。     

民用飞机采用不同油箱分离面对重量重心的影响

介绍了民用飞机整体油箱的布局形式和耗油顺序对飞机重量重心的影响,并对燃油箱设计时需要考虑的转子爆破、油箱惰化及结构疲劳等问题进行说明;提出了三种采用不同油箱分离面但采用相同耗油顺序的燃油箱,重点分析了燃油保持在外侧油箱对机翼根部弯矩的卸载作用和飞机重心在燃油消耗过程中的变化过程,并举例分析了三种油箱布局对典型装载的限制情况,为选择油箱分离面和选择耗油顺序提供相应的参考。     

跨声速离心叶轮负荷分布的影响分析

以某典型负荷跨声速离心叶轮为例,采用数值模拟的方法,在级环境下分析了离心叶轮前加载、均匀加载和后加载三种负荷分布对于离心叶轮总体性能的影响,并通过对比分析离心叶轮内的二次流和熵分布等参数,讨论了负荷分布影响的内在机制。对比计算结果表明,后加载形式的负荷分布对于离心叶轮的总性能比较有利,对于叶轮内部的二次流控制效果较为理想。     

Impact of loading effects on determination of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame

The International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), as a realization of the International Terrestrial Reference System (ITRS), is represented by a set of station positions and linear velocities. They are intended to be used as regularized coordinates to which some corrections should be added to access instantaneous coordinates. The latest ITRS realization is the ITRF2005, which has integrated time series of station positions to form long-term solutions for the four space geodetic techniques. Currently, a purely linear model is used to parameterize station displacements in the estimation process, plus occasional discontinuities in case of earthquakes or equipment changes. However the input data have been derived without applying surface loading models and so surface loading effects are supposed to be embedded in the coordinates as measured quantities. We evaluate the effect of applying a posteriori loading corrections, which include the effect of atmospheric, non-tidal ocean, and continental water loading, to time series of positions estimated from Satellite Laser Ranging (SLR), Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI), and Global Positioning System (GPS) data. We notice that they reduce about 50% or more of the annual signals in the translation and scale parameter time series of the SLR and VLBI techniques, except in SLR Z translation. In general, the estimated secular frame definition is negligibly affected and estimated positions and velocities are not significantly modified for stations that have accumulated a large number of observations. A multi-technique combination of such derived frames allows concluding that, for some cases, loading model corrections might degrade co-located station coordinates almost as much as they benefit them. However, most significant improvement of the estimated secular coordinates is observed for stations with less than 100 estimated positions as demonstrated with a multi-technique combination.