Vortex structures downstream a lobed nozzle/mixer

An experimental study was conducted to investigate the evolutions of unsteady vortex structures downstream a lobed mixer/nozzle.Anovel dual-plane stereoscopic PIVsystem was used to measure all 3-components of vorticity distributions to revealed both the large-scale streamwise vortices produced by the lobed mixer/nozzle and the Kelvin-Helmholtz vortex structures generated due to the Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities simultaneously and quantitatively for the first time.The instantaneous and the ensemble-averaged vorticity distributions displayed quite different aspects about the evolutions of the unsteady vortex structures.While the ensemble-averaged vorticity distributions indicated the overall effect of the special geometry of the lobed nozzle/mixer on the enhanced mixing process,the instantaneous vorticity distributions elucidated many details about how the enhanced mixing process was conducted.In addition to quantitatively confirming conjectures of previous studies,further insight about the formation,evolution and interaction characteristics of the unsteady vortex structures downstream of the lobed mixer/nozzle were also uncovered quantitatively in the present study.      

前置肋片对凹槽火焰稳定器混合特性的影响

将前置肋片结构应用于超声速凹槽火焰稳定器中,数值模拟研究了前置肋片对凹槽火焰稳定器混合特性的影响.结果表明:与传统结构相比,在凹槽稳定器中加入前置肋片,能减小总压损失,增大凹槽内外喷口的穿透深度,并获得更为均匀燃料分布,有利于燃烧组织.      

超临界压力下航空煤油水平管内对流换热特性数值研究

采用RNG(renormalization group)k-ε湍流模型和近壁区的Wolfstein一方程模型对超临界压力下大庆RP-3航空煤油在水平圆管内的流动和换热特性进行了数值研究.超临界压力下,由于航空煤油在拟临界点附近热物性的剧烈变化,浮升力将引起显著的二次流动.二次流动使得水平圆管的下表面湍流强度和对流换热增强,而上表面的湍流强度和对流换热减弱.最后分析了两种水平管内对流换热受浮升力影响判别标准在超临界流体中的适用性.      

凹坑强化传热的研究进展回顾

基于涡流发生的凹坑强化换热是一种新型高效的强化换热和冷却技术,其主要特点是传热强度大,流动阻力小,综合传热性能高.通过近十年来凹坑强化换热研究工作的回顾,介绍凹坑壁面的换热阻力特性和涡流结构,并讨论凹坑形状、深度和雷诺数等参数的影响.通过介绍凹坑在旋转通道、圆管和冲击耙面等不同情况下的换热阻力特性,以及与肋等的综合传热性能对比,旨在说明凹坑是一种很具潜力的新型强化换热结构,具有十分广泛的应用前景.      

Experimental Investigation on Performance of Pulse Detonation Rocket Engine Model

The PDRE test model used in these experiments utilized kerosene as the fuel, oxygen as oxidizer, and nitrogen as purge gas. The solenoid valves were employed to control intermittent supplies of kerosene, oxygen and purge gas. PDRE test model was 50 mm in inner diameter by 1.2 m long. The DDT （deflagration to detonation transition） enhancement device Shchelkin spiral was used in the test model. The effects of detonation frequency on its time-averaged thrust and specific impulse were experimentally investigated. The obtained results showes that the time-averaged thrust of PDRE test model was approximately proportional to the detonation frequency. For the detonation frequency 20 Hz, the time-averaged thrust was around 107 N, and the specific impulse was around 125 s. The nozzle experiments were conducted using PDRE test model with three traditional nozzles. The experimental results obtained demonstrated that all of those nozzles could augment the thrust and specific impulse. Among those three nozzles, the convergent nozzle had the largest increased augmentation, which was approximately 18%, under the specific condition of the experiment.     

Night-time total electron content enhancements at equatorial anomaly region in China

This paper presents small scale (duration ?1 h, ΔTEC ? 1TECU) night-time total electron content (TEC) enhancements observed at the equatorial anomaly region in China, for the first time. The data is from a GPS receiver chain established in 2005 by Institute of Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences and a GPS receiver of International GPS Service (IGS), located between Fuzhou (26.1°N, 119.3°E) and Nanning (22.8°N, 108.3°E). Two other GPS observations of IGS taken at higher latitude were also used to investigate the localization of such phenomenon. The characteristics of the night-time TEC enhancement are examined with two case studies. The TEC increases about 1–3TECU, intermittently. While the night-time TEC enhancement mainly occurs at the equatorial anomaly region, it can be observed at middle latitude as well. The spatial size of the enhancement region is less than 5° in longitude. The primary statistical study shows that the TEC enhancement is more often observed in spring and autumn, but rarely in summer. It has no dependence on geomagnetic activity. The enhancement can occur both before and after midnight.     

矩形通道中亚尺度肋片的流动换热数值分析

对装有不同结构亚尺度肋片矩形通道的流动和换热进行了数值模拟,获得了通道流场、温度场分布以及平均努塞尔数的基本特征,对各种肋片通道的换热特性进行了对比分析.计算结果表明:亚尺度肋片距主肋片根部越近越有利于散热;在远离热面区域,亚尺度肋片的比表面积越大传热效果越好.当扩展表面积相同时,亚尺度肋片的长宽比越大换热效果越好;计算结果及分析揭示了控制肋片最优几何形状的统一原则——广义温度梯度均匀化原则,并依照此原则确定了可以强化换热的较优的肋片结构.计算分析表明广义温度梯度均匀化原则可以控制对流换热过程的传热强化.      

Recent advances in film cooling enhancement: A review

Film cooling is an indispensable scheme in the design of highly-efficient cooling configurations to satisfy the thermal protection requirement of turbine hot section components. During the last few decades, vast efforts have been paid on the discrete-hole film cooling enhancement. In this paper, some of the recent literatures related to the passive strategies (such as shaped film cooling holes, upstream ramps, shallow trenches, mesh-fed slots) and the active strategies (such as the use of pulsation modulating device or plasma actuator) for film cooling enhancement are surveyed, with the aim at presenting an updated overview about the state of the art in advanced film cooling. In addition, some challenging issues are also outlined to motivate further investigations in such a broad topic.     

基于灰色预测的加速试验机理一致性判定方法

确定失效机理一致性条件是保证加速试验正确性的前提之一.由于现有的一致性判定方法只能利用加速试验数据,不能指导加速试验设计,因此需要一种基于强化试验数据的一致性判定方法.针对工程中强化试验数据少的特点,选取可以处理少数据的灰色预测,给出了一致性判定的新方法及流程.该方法通过将灰色预测中的GM(1,1)和等维新息模型相结合,找出强化试验数据的趋势改变点,在加速试验之前得到机理一致性变化的条件.通过在加速度计中的应用案例,验证了该方法的可行性.     

基于拉格朗日拟序结构的局部激励流动分离控制有效性分析方法

从流体输运角度提出了用于局部周期激励流动分离控制有效性研究的数值分析方法。基于有限时间不变流形理论建立用于非定常流动的流体输运分析方法,并采用数值方法从非定常流场中提取得到吸引拉格朗日拟序结构（LCSs）和排斥LCSs描述流体输运行为。通过对局部周期激励的流动分离控制规律的研究,结果表明存在三种与激励频率相关的影响翼型气动特性的流体输运模式,其中在锁频激励下吸引LCSs在前缘形成的尖楔结构有效增强主流与分离区流体的物质交换,减小翼面流动分离区的面积,显著提高翼型升力。