Ignition enhancement of ethylene/air by NOx addition

Recently, non-equilibrium plasma assisted combustion (PAC) has been found to be promising in reducing the ignition delay time in hypersonic propulsion system. NO x produced by non-equilibrium plasma can react with intermediates during the fuel oxidation process and thereby has influence on the combustion process. In this study, the effects of NO x addition on the ignition process of both the homogeneous ethylene/air mixtures and the non-premixed diffusion layer are examined numerically. The detailed chemistry for ethylene oxidization together with the NO x sub-mechanism is included in the simulation. Reaction path analysis and sensitivity analysis are conducted to give a mechanistic interpretation for the ignition enhancement by NO x addition. It is found that for both the homogenous and non-premixed ignition processes at normal and elevated pressures, NO 2 addition has little influence on the ignition delay time while NO addition can significantly promote the ignition process. The ignition enhancement is found to be caused by the promotion in hydroxyl radical production which quickly oxidizes ethylene. The promotion in hydroxyl radical production by NO addition is achieved in two ways:one is the direct production of OH through the reaction HO2+NO = NO2+OH, and the other is the indirect production of OH through the reactions NO+O2=NO2+O and C2H4+O = C2H3+OH. Moreover, it is found that similar to the homogeneous ignition process, the acceleration of the diffusion layer ignition is also controlled by the reaction HO2+NO = NO2+OH.     

轴流状态下涵道螺旋桨增升方法的数值模拟

为了进一步提高涵道螺旋桨的功率载荷,提出了一种将螺旋桨部分桨尖嵌入到涵道体内壁面以改善涵道内部的滑流边界和唇口扰流的增升方法。采用计算流体力学(Computational fluid dynamic, CFD)方法,对其轴流状态的流场流态及气动力特性进行了计算和分析,并与相同直径的孤立螺旋桨及涵道螺旋桨在相同工况下的气动力进行了对比分析。     

可靠性强化试验技术综述

本文首先介绍可靠性强化试验技术的相关背景和基本概念，然后归纳总结其技术方法、工程应用现状和试验设备。最后就其中的关键技术进行了讨论。     

微阵列射流冲击肋化表面传热特性

以去离子水为工质,对微阵列射流冲击光滑和肋化表面的传热特性进行了实验研究,并以光滑表面传热性能为基准,讨论了肋化表面强化因子(ε)变化规律.实验结果表明:①浸没和自由射流的传热系数均受无量纲射流距离(H/d)影响;提高射流Re数和减小无量纲孔间距(S/d)都能够增强换热.②浸没射流ε受H/d影响大,而自由射流ε基本不受H/d影响;两种射流方式的ε都随Re数增大,且渐趋于一个常数.③对流热阻在各种射流情况下均随流量不断下降,但下降趋势逐渐平缓,当流量大到一定时,热阻基本不再降低.      

航空发动机防喘扩稳构件效能优化的试验研究

为评估和优化发动机防喘系统的效能,采用温度畸变发生器作为逼喘装置,分别给出了某涡扇、涡喷发动机扩稳构件在不同组合方案下的试验结果。比较和讨论了防喘系统不同扩稳构件的扩稳效果。试验结果表明,发动机防喘系统扩稳效果最为显著的是采用短时切断燃油以及导叶、放气等调节手段,但其缺点会带来较大的推力损失和系统的复杂性;而采用切油加导叶调节的手段尽管扩稳效果不如前者明显,但其推力损失较小且系统易于实现。     

采用多源涡技术强化燃料/空气小尺度混合研究

通过数值模拟,研究了在空气入口总温为294.28 K,燃料气体为乙烷(C₂H₆)时在轴向旋流器出口截面上安装多个小突片的多源涡(MSV)结构对燃烧室内燃料/空气掺混效果的影响.结果表明:在每个小突片下游产生的小尺度流向涡使得局部的燃料/空气掺混加强;装有多源涡结构的燃烧室内对应的C₂H₆质量分数在文氏管下游2 mm截面上的混合不均匀度由不带多源涡结构时的13.0%下降到小于7.4%.在该研究的范围内,当小突片总的阻塞比增大时,对应的混合不均匀度减小,掺混效果变好.      

超临界翼型Gurney襟翼增升技术实验研究

通过在二元翼型风洞中进行测力实验,研究了不同高度Gurney襟翼对超临界翼型气动力和力矩的影响规律。实验结果表明：在亚声速条件下,Gurney襟翼同样可以明显增加翼型的升力系数,使整个升力曲线向上平移,并使翼型低头力矩增加。高度为翼型弦长0.5%的Gurney襟翼可以带来超临界翼型的最大升阻比。同Gur-ney襟翼对NACA 0012翼型气动特性改变的对比表明,其在超临界翼型上带来的升力系数增量要大于在NACA0012翼型上的效果,但是带来的低头力矩增量较小。     

基于逻辑神经网络的图象处理方法

阐述了基于逻辑神经网络的图象平滑、压缩编码方法。这些方法的基本思想是：以逻辑神经网络为窗口,选择对某种图象变换敏感的模式训练窗口。当窗口对图象扫描时,窗口在图象的各位置输出响应,通过对这些响应的简单运算,实现所希望的处理。除了理论分析外,文中还给出了各种方法的典型试验结果。     

“同翔”号无人机的升阻特性与纵向静稳定性

介绍了"同翔"号无人机设计的基本情况;采用涡格法气动软件AVL,对"同翔"号飞机的气动特性进行了理论分析,并根据计算结果讨论了该飞机的升阻特性和纵向静稳定性等。研究表明,"同翔"号无人机的气动性能良好,升阻特性及纵向静稳定性满足既定要求。     

Computation of radiation environment during ground level enhancements 65, 69 and 70 at equatorial region and flight altitudes

The radiation environment in the troposphere of the Earth is governed by cosmic rays of galactic and solar origin. During major solar energetic particles events the radiation environment changes dramatically. As a results the risk of biological effects due to exposure to ionizing radiation of aircrew increases. Here we present a numerical model for computation of absorbed dose in air due to cosmic rays of galactic and solar origin. It is applied for computation of radiation environment at flight altitude in the equatorial region during several major ground level enhancements, namely GLE65 on 28 October 2003, GLE69 on 20 January 2005 and GLE70 on 13 December 2006. The model is based on a full Monte Carlo simulation of cosmic ray induced atmospheric cascade. The cascade simulation is carried out with CORSIKA 6.990 code with corresponding hadron generators FLUKA 2011 and QGSJET II. The contribution of different cascade components, namely electromagnetic, hadron and muon is explicitly obtained. The spectra of arriving solar energetic particles are calculated from ground level measurements with neutron monitors and satellite data from GOES. The obtained results are discussed.