About one problem of trajectory optimization

The optimization problem for trajectories of spacecraft flight from the Earth to an asteroid is considered in this paper. The flight is realized in the central Newtonian gravitational field of the Sun with a possibility of gravitational maneuvers near planets. Perturbation maneuvers are taken into account using the method of point area of action with a limitation on the flyby altitude. The spacecraft is controlled by changing the value and direction of the engine thrust. The problem is solved taking into account constraints on the launch time, flight duration, and minimum distance to the Sun.     

人体代谢耗氧模拟方法研究

利用沸石分子筛对氧气和氮气选择性吸附的特性,提出了分子筛吸附-解吸模拟密封舱内人体消耗氧气的方法,研制了能够模拟5人耗氧量的试验装置,并对装置的富氧气体氧浓度、密封舱内气体成分吸附情况、耗氧模拟精度及补氮气功能等进行了测试和分析,经环控生保系统集成性能试验的使用考核,装置出口富氧气体氧浓度可达93%以上,耗氧模拟精度优于5%,基本不消耗密封舱内的其它气体成分,能够较好地模拟人体对氧气的消耗。结果表明:分子筛耗氧模拟方法精度高,对密封舱内气体成分影响小,装置工作稳定性好,适用于长期载人航天任务中密封舱环境参数控制能力的研究。     

Low light intensity effects on the growth,photosynthetic characteristics,antioxidant capacity,yield and quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at different growth stages in BLSS

Minimizing energy consumption and maximizing crop productivity are major challenges to growing plants in Bioregenerative Life Support System (BLSS) for future long-term space mission. As a primary source of energy, light is one of the most important environmental factors for plant growth. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of low light intensity at different stages on growth, pigment composition, photosynthetic efficiency, biological production and antioxidant defence systems of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars during ontogenesis. Experiments were divided into 3 intensity-controlled stages according to growth period (a total of 65 days): seedling stage (first 20 days), heading and flowering stage (middle 30 days) and grain filling stage (last 15 days). Initial light condition of the control was 420 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ and the light intensity increased with the growth of wheat plants. The light intensities of group I and II at the first stage and the last stage were adjusted to the half level of the control respectively. For group III, the first and the last stage were both adjusted to half level of the control. During the middle 30 days, all treatments were kept the same intensity. The results indicated that low-light treatment at seedling stage, biomass, nutritional contents, components of inedible biomass and healthy index (including peroxidase (POD) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA) and proline content) of wheat plants have no significant difference to the control. Furthermore, unit kilojoule yield of group I reached 0.591 × 10⁻³ g/kJ and induced the highest energy efficiency. However, low-light treatment at grain filling stage affected the final production significantly.     

风洞短试验段中基于被动技术的大气边界层模拟

针对西南交通大学XNJD-1风洞第一试验段的特点,采用被动模拟装置,通过多次流场校测、反复试凑,成功地在风洞中模拟了C类地表情况下的高湍流度大气边界层,实测平均风速剖面、湍流度剖面及风谱特性等与目标值较为吻合.此外,还对比讨论了平均风速和离地高度等因素对风场特性影响, 并计算了湍流积分尺度.研究表明边界层调试过程中应重点考查气流在对应结构卓越频段范围内的脉动情况,而仅将湍流度作为参考指标.     

应变疲劳等损伤曲线及其应用

利用疲劳损伤的剩余寿命定义，构造了应变疲劳等损伤曲线，并给出了其近数学描述，通过等损伤曲线，研究了应变疲劳累积损伤规律，建立了应变疲劳累积损伤公式。利用该公式来估算变幅应变疲劳寿命，仅需用材料的ε－Ｎ曲线，十分方便；其有效性得到２０２４－Ｔ４铝合金分级加载应变疲劳试验数据的验证。     

塑料与纸包装材料的生命周期评价研究

由于塑料在自然界中的难降解,“以纸代塑”引起人们的关注,然而生命周期的评价结构表明,纸在环境保护方面并不具有优势,本文采用简式生命周期矩阵对这两种包装材料进行了分析和评价。     

航天器电线电缆寿命预测模型研究

随着航天器复杂大系统的高速发展,以及器上电子产品的广泛应用,使得电线电缆大量应用于复杂系统之间的功率输送和信号控制。在航天器运行过程中,电线电缆由于受到空间布局限制,交叉重叠;同时受振动、温度、空间辐射等外部环境影响,致使电缆老化进而引发其他电气故障。介绍了基于可测特征参数的寿命模型建立方法,得出电缆剩余寿命的预计模型,开展航天器电线电缆老化机制以及寿命预测模型研究,最终实现航天装备电缆寿命预测的能力。     

Minimizing energy utilization for growing strawberries during long-duration space habitation

Strawberry is a candidate crop for space that is rich in protective antioxidants and could also have psychological benefits as a component of crew diets during long-duration space habitation. Energy for electric lighting is a major input to a controlled-environment crop-production system for space habitation. Day-neutral strawberry cultivars were evaluated at several different photoperiods to determine minimum lighting requirements without limiting yield or negatively impacting fruit quality. The cultivars ‘Tribute’, ‘Seascape’, and ‘Fern’ were grown at 14, 17, or 20 h of light per day, and fruit yield was evaluated over a 31-week production period. This amounted to a difference of 2418 kWh m⁻² in energy usage between the longest and shortest photoperiods. All cultivars produced similar total fresh weight of fruit regardless of photoperiod. Volunteer tasters rated organoleptic characteristics including sweetness, tartness, texture, and overall appeal as measures of fruit quality. Generally, organoleptic attributes were not affected by photoperiod, but these attributes were somewhat dependent upon cultivar and harvest time. Cultivars under different photoperiods varied in their production of fruit over time. ‘Seascape’ was the most consistent producer, typically with the largest, most palatable fruit. ‘Seascape’ plants subsequently were grown at 10-, 12-, or 14-h photoperiods over a treatment period of 33 weeks. Photoperiod again had no significant effect on total fruit weight, although there were periodic flushes of productivity. Fruit under all photoperiods had acceptable approval ratings. A large-fruited, day-neutral strawberry cultivar such as ‘Seascape’ remains productive under shortened photoperiods, allowing reductions in energy and crew labor while maintaining flexibility for mixed-cropping scenarios in space.     

面向成本的飞机结构优化设计

基于协同优化方法,建立了面向成本的飞机结构优化设计模型.该模型不同于传统的结构设计中以质量最小或结构效率最大为优化目标,而是以寿命周期成本为目标,通过相同的结构尺寸变量将结构质量与制造成本联系起来.其中以重量表征油耗成本,寿命周期成本模型被简化为制造成本和油耗成本的函数.在iSIGHT优化平台实现了这一结构协同优化的过...     

变形翼面内变形的研究现状及关键技术

变形机翼作为未来飞机设计的重要发展方向之一,其机翼面内变形的研究已得到广泛的关注。本文分别从变展长、变掠角、变弦长、组合变形四个方面进行分析,阐述面内变形机翼的国内外研究现状,归纳总结变形机理及优缺点,分析其发展趋势。针对该领域的研究现状以及变形机翼的应用要求,提出变形机翼亟待解决的关键技术,包括变形蒙皮技术、变形机构、智能驱动器、传感器及控制网络,阐述各关键技术的应用要求,分析其现存问题,并对未来发展方向进行归纳;以期为面内变形机翼的设计和应用实现提供部分参考。