疲劳破坏寿命的概率统计方法研究综述

概述了结构疲劳破坏寿命特性概率统计方法研究的发展及理论基础，从常规疲劳特性P－S－N曲线的研究应用、疲劳裂纹扩展率统计模型研究现状以及损伤力学理论在疲劳强度中的研究展望来综述现有随机疲劳破坏寿命分布统计特性曲线的研究方法和工程应用，同时介绍该领域研究的新成果新方法，对疲劳破坏随机性研究的未来发展的关键及趋势提出看法。     

疲劳损伤及寿命预测的塑性功模型

在Coffin－Manson公式的基础上提出了低周疲劳损伤及寿命预测的塑性功模型,即选择滞回能的一半Wai、拉伸断裂塑性功Wf及一个材料常数β来定义发生明显循环硬化及循环软化材料的疲劳损伤参量Di＝（Wai／Wf）β。并从内、外两方面因素分别讨论了外界作用程度（Wai）及材料的固有属性(Wf及β)在低周疲劳损伤中的作用。     

风洞短试验段中基于被动技术的大气边界层模拟

针对西南交通大学XNJD-1风洞第一试验段的特点,采用被动模拟装置,通过多次流场校测、反复试凑,成功地在风洞中模拟了C类地表情况下的高湍流度大气边界层,实测平均风速剖面、湍流度剖面及风谱特性等与目标值较为吻合.此外,还对比讨论了平均风速和离地高度等因素对风场特性影响, 并计算了湍流积分尺度.研究表明边界层调试过程中应重点考查气流在对应结构卓越频段范围内的脉动情况,而仅将湍流度作为参考指标.     

奥林普斯(Olympus)卫星的起死回生

1989年7月12日Olympus—1卫星用Ariane—3发射成功。1991年5月29日的事故导致Olympus试验通信卫星失控,结果使卫星漂离定点位置。Olympus调查委员会详细地研究了这些事件。本文综述了由欧洲空间局(ESA)局长主管的Olympus飞行任务营救小组所作的一系列工作。     

The Geology and Habitability of Terrestrial Planets: Fundamental Requirements for Life

The current approach to the study of the origin of life and to the search for life elsewhere is based on two assumptions. First, life is a purely physical phenomenon closely linked to specific environmental conditions. From this, we hypothesise that when these environmental conditions are met, life will arise and evolve. If these assumptions are valid, the search for life elsewhere should be a matter of mapping what we know about the range of environments in which life can exist, and then simply trying to find these environments elsewhere. Second, life can be clearly distinguished from the non-living world. While a single feature of a living organism left in the rock record is not always sufficient to determine unequivocally whether life was present, life often leaves multiple structural, mineralogical and chemical biomarkers that, in sum, support a conclusion that life was present. Our understanding of the habitats that can sustain or have sustained life has grown tremendously with the characterisation of extremophiles. In this chapter, we highlight the range of environments that are known to harbour life on Earth, describe the environments that existed during the period of time when life originated on Earth, and compare these habitats to the suitable environments that are found elsewhere in our solar system, where life could have arisen and evolved.     

复杂大跨屋面脉动风压风洞试验研究

介绍了复杂大跨屋面的脉动风压风洞试验研究方法和广州国际会议展览中心屋面脉动风压风洞试验的结果，并对结果进行了分析。分析表明：风压系数平均值分布规律性明显，能体现屋面流场分布情况；均方根值则在一定程度上反映出气流分离和旋涡脱落情况。复杂大跨屋面上表面主要分布为负压，迎风边缘及突出部位较大，低凹处及尾流区域较小；下表面风压分布具有钝体外形的特点，内压的大小与开门状态有关。     

现代飞机系统的经济性分析

概述了现代飞机经济性分析的不确定性因素,分析了影响飞机寿命周期成本因素中最主要的是系统可靠性,阐明了资金的时间价值和学习曲线影响,重点介绍了飞机寿命周期成本的估算方法,为飞机设计人员提供了较完整的飞机经济性分析理论。     

An environmentally sensitive dynamic human model for LSS robustness studies with the V-HAB simulation

The development of efficient and safe Life Support Systems is one of the key drivers of the Global Solar System Exploration efforts. For each task performed by Life Support Systems (LSS) a great multitude of sub-system concepts exist and the challenge is to find the optimal combination of sub-systems for a given mission scenario. On a sub-system level the Equivalent Systems Mass (ESM) trade study approach is well suited to effectively compare sub-system options. On a system level in addition to ESM data time dependent sub-system performances within an overall system must be addressed. Criteria such as system stability, controllability and effectiveness must be considered in order to be able to assess the dynamic robustness of systems designed to the averages. In an effort to establish a dynamic simulation environment for this type of LSS optimizations the “Virtual Habitat” tool (V-HAB) is being developed at the Technical University of Munich (TUM). This paper introduces the most important part of the Virtual Habitat simulation, which is the human model.     

Topological model of the solar event including a flare and coronal mass ejection on October 19, 2001

Based on the analysis of a strong solar flare X1.6/2B on October 19, 2001 in the active region 9661, accompanied by a coronal mass ejection (CME) of the halo type, a topological model of development of this solar event is suggested. The model considers a unified process of development of CME and a chromosphere flare. According to the model, this process has a common source of energy supply: the turbulent current layer lying between the arcade of flare loops and the surface of CME going away. The structures on the ends of flare bands (SEFB) represent in this model chromosphere feet of the system of large-scale coronal magnetic arches at the initial stage of the dynamic processes whose evolution results in CME. Peripheral structures (PS) of the flare (elongated double bright emission strips beyond the limits of the active region) are interpreted as chromosphere bases of magnetic field lines that form an external shell (braid) of the CME at the late stage of the flare.