三维机织复合材料侧压性能有限元分析

使用Pro/E 5.0构建出一种三维角联锁机织复合材料细观结构模型,利用ANSYS分析侧压载荷下复合材料中纤维与树脂应力应变分布情况,预测复合材料在侧压载荷下的力学行为,并对比复合材料侧压性能。结果表明:复合材料侧压性能表现出各向异性,纬向侧压性能好于经向;复合材料中纤维承载更多的载荷作用,树脂发生更大的变形;轴向平行于侧压方向的纤维承受更大的载荷作用,轴向垂直于侧压方向的纤维承受较小的载荷作用。     

一种用于反舰导弹串联战斗部的环形切割器优化设计

为了优化设计用于反舰导弹串联战斗部前端的环形切割器,利用ANSYS／LS—DYNA有限元分析软件对相等装药条件下,不同药型罩开口角度、不同装药形状的环形切割器对靶板的切割效果进行仿真分析。仿真结论表明,60°锥角、组合体装药形状的环形切割器对靶板的切割效果更为理想。通过与相关试验数据的对比,初步验证了数值仿真的准确性。该结论有助于新型环形切割器的优化设计。     

火箭低空级间热分离初期流场特性数值模拟

采用耦合求解轴对称非定常NS方程与一维分离动力学方程的方法,对多级火箭低空级间热分离初期过程进行数值仿真。依据仿真结果描述低空级间热分离初期流场的两种典型结构：内部为喷管扩张段流动分离以及外部为级间缝隙横向喷流与超声速外流的干扰流场;给出两种典型流场结构中位于上面级弹体表面（喷管内）的流动分离点位置以及壁面压力分布随仿真时间的变化;初步估算流动分离线偏斜时内外流动分离区域对上面级弹体的干扰力矩。通过分析数值模拟与力矩估算结果,发现在低空级间热分离内外流场中流动分离激波后方形成的高压区域是上面级所受干扰力矩的重要来源。研究结论可为级间热分离过程干扰机理研究提供理论方向,为级间热分离时序设计提供参考。     

侧向喷流干扰流场建立与消退过程数值模拟

针对高超声速轨控侧向喷流的非定常干扰效应问题,应用非定常数值模拟方法和多重网格加速收敛技术,研究了锥-柱-裙外形轨控侧向喷流干扰流场的建立和消退过程,获得了详细的喷流瞬时干扰流场结构特性,分析了法向力放大系数、干扰力矩系数、法向力系数及俯仰力矩系数随时间的变化特性。研究结果表明：在侧向喷流干扰流场建立和消退过程中气动力变化较大,存在峰谷值;法向力放大系数及干扰力矩系数的定常值和非定常时均值之间存在明显差异。     

基于有限时间广义H_2范数的直接侧向力启控时间分析

采用直接侧向力与气动力复合控制技术可以显著改善导弹末制导系统性能,而确定直接侧向力启控时间是复合控制技术的关键问题。首先给出了复合控制导弹末制导系统的数学描述,然后基于有限时间广义H2范数,分析了直接侧向力启控时间与零效脱靶量、目标机动、导引头量测噪声的内在关系,最后根据零效脱靶量随启控剩余时间的变化情况,指出存在一个启控剩余时间临界值,可以为直接侧向力启控时间的确定提供重要依据。     

大气层内动能拦截弹直接力/气动力复合控制

以大气层内拦截弹气动力和力矩式侧向直接力复合控制系统为研究对象,基于参考模型变结构控制理论设计了拦截弹末制导段复合控制系统,并研究了相应的控制力分配算法、脉冲发动机组调度算法。数学仿真结果表明,该复合控制方法可以很好地实现拦截弹姿态控制。与气动力系统相比,复合控制系统具有更好的动态性能。     

数值模拟侧向超声速单喷流干扰流场特性

采用数值方法研究了平板上超/高超声速来流与超声速横向喷流相撞引起的复杂干扰流场特性。所建立的单介质冷喷流数值模拟方法,经过了表面多方位压力分布测量结果、纹影显示的激波结构以及表面油流图谱表现的表面分离范围的实验验证。根据数值模拟与实验对比的结果,合理地描述了喷流干扰流场压力分布以及表面、空间结构特性,并分析了压力比对流场结构和特性的影响。     

横程动态约束的预测-校正再入制导方法

针对大升阻比飞行器再入滑翔制导问题，基于预测-校正制导法，提出一种横程动态约束的侧向制导策略。利用再入过程中横程与剩余航程的近似线性关系，设计边界约束动态变化的横程走廊控制倾侧角反转。对大气密度和飞行器气动参数扰动引起的预测模型不确定性进行在线参数估计。以CAV-L高超声速飞行器为研究对象，进行再入制导仿真。结果表明，对不同航程的再入任务该制导法均能精确引导飞行器飞向目标，侧向制导倾侧角反转时机分布合理，反转次数少。Monte Carlo仿真校验了横程动态约束制导法对再入状态误差和过程扰动具有良好的自适应性和鲁棒性。     

The relationship between profiles of plagiogravitropism and morphometry of columella cells during the development of lateral roots of Vigna angularis

There has been no convincing explanation on a mechanism inducing plagiogravitropism of lateral roots. The present work deals with gravitropic features of Vignaangularis lateral roots during the course of their growth and morphometric analysis of root caps, columella cells and amyloplasts. Regardless of the magnitude of deviation of the primary root axis from the gravity vector, the newly emerging lateral roots tended to keep a constant angle to the gravity vector. They modified gravireaction several times during the course of their development: a first horizontal-growth stage when they grow in the cortex of primary roots (stage I), a sloping-down growth stage from their emergence to a length of about 1 mm (stage II), a second horizontal-growth stage from a length of about 1 mm to that of over 4 mm (stage III) and a curving-down stage thereafter (stage IV). The columella cells with amyloplasts large enough to sediment were not fully differentiated in the stage I but the turning point from the stage I to II was associated with the development of amyloplasts which were able to sediment toward the distal part of the cell. Amyloplasts were significantly small in the lateral roots over 10 mm long compared with those in ones 0–10 mm long, suggesting that they rapidly develop immediately after the lateral roots emerge from primary roots and then gradually decrease their size when the lateral roots grow over 10 mm long. This dimensional decrease of amyloplasts may be partially involved in weak gravireaction in the stage III. Evidence was not presented indicating that a switchover from the stage III to IV was connected with the dimension of root caps, the number of columella cells and the development of amyloplasts. Some factors at the molecular level rather than at the cellular and tissue levels are probably dominant to induce the stage IV.     

Experimental research in rotating wedge-shaped cooling channel with multiple non-equant holes lateral inlet

The heat transfer in a novel smooth wedge-shaped cooling channel with lateral ejection of turbine blade trailing edge is experimentally investigated in both non-rotating and rotating cases. Beside the conventional inlet at the bottom of the channel, an extra coolant injection from 8 lateral non-equant holes is introduced to improve the overall heat transfer. The total mass flow rate ratio (lateral mass flow rate/total mass flow rate) varies from 0 to 1.0. The major inlet Reynolds number and rotation number respectively vary from 10000 to 20000 and from 0 to 1.16. Experimental results show that the lateral inlet decreases local bulk temperature and increases local heat transfer at the middle and the top of the static channel. In rotating cases, the lateral inlet notably improves the heat transfer at the high-radius half channel and compensates the negative effects induced by the rotation. Both intensity and uniformity of heat transfer inside the channel are enhanced while flow resistance decreases with proper mass flow rate ratio of coolant from two inlets. The most satisfactory total mass flow rate ratio is around 2/3. This new structural style of cooling channel has huge potential and provides new direction of heat transfer of turbine blade trailing edge.