The fundamental physics explorer: An ESA technology reference study

ESA technology reference studies are used as a process to identify key technologies and technical challenges of potential future missions not yet in the science programme. This paper reports on the study of the Fundamental Physics Explorer (FPE), a re-usable platform targeted to small missions testing fundamental laws of physics in space. The study addresses three specific areas of interest: special and general relativity tests based on atomic clocks, experiments on the Weak Equivalence Principle (WEP), and studies of Bose–Einstein condensates under microgravity conditions. Starting from preliminary science objectives and payload requirements, three reference missions in the small/medium class range are discussed, based on a re-adaptation of the LISA Pathfinder spacecraft. A 700/3600 km elliptic orbit has been selected to conduct clock tests of special and general relativity, a 700 km circular orbit to perform experiments on the Weak Equivalence Principle and to study Bose–Einstein condensates, each mission being based on a three-axis stabilised spacecraft. It was determined that adaptation of LISA Pathfinder would be required in order to meet the demands of the FPE missions. Moreover it was established that specific payload and spacecraft technology development would be required to realise such a programme.     

基于工作过程的高职商务英语课程设计

基于工作过程的《商务英语》课程设计是一种全新的课程观,它以工作过程为导向,具体涉及课程的整体设计、工作流程设计与知识细化三个层面,体现了我国高职商务英语教学的发展方向。     

《电子产品分析与制作》学习领域课程构建与实施

对工作过程导向的应用电子技术专业课程体系进行探讨,提出构建工作过程导向的《电子产品分析与制作》课程的基本原则,在此基础上进行课程的具体内容和过程的构建,提出导向性学习、自主性学习、工作情境实战性学习的分层递进的实施策略。     

基于工作过程的电视机课程教学改革实践

通过三年基于工作过程的教学改革,树立了基于工作过程系统化的教学理念、构建了以行动为导向的教学模式、以工作需求为目标的教学内容、以行业标准为依据的课程标准、以工作过程为主线的教学组织、以实际工作为场景的教学实施、以真实项目为载体的教学形式、以多元化评价为手段的教学评价。     

Measurement and stability of the pointing of the BepiColombo Laser Altimeter under thermal load

The BepiColombo Laser Altimeter (BELA) has been selected to fly on ESA?s BepiColombo mission to Mercury. The instrument will be the first European laser altimeter designed for interplanetary flight. This paper describes the setup used to characterize the angular movements of BELA under the simulated environmental conditions that the instrument will encounter when orbiting Mercury. The system comprises a laser transmitter and a receiving telescope, which can move with respect to each other under thermal load. Tests performed using the Engineering Qualification Model show that the setup is accurate enough to characterize angular movements of the instrument components to an accuracy of ≈10 μrad. The qualification instrument is thermally stable to operate during all mission phases around Mercury proving that the transmitter and receiver sections will remain within the alignment requirements during its mission.     

Analysis of front plate＇s effect on low hysteresis brush seal

针对不同前板结构的低滞后刷式密封,采用多孔介质模型,进行流场计算,对计算得到的上游刷丝压力、速度分布、刷丝上游靠近跑道区域的湍流动能以及刷式密封泄漏量进行分析,讨论对于低滞后刷式密封的性能的影响．分析表明：前板结构对上游刷丝压力、轴向速度分布以及刷式密封泄漏量无明显影响,对上游刷丝径向速度分布影响较大;无前板及过长前板结构,刷封上游靠近跑道区域湍流动能较大,前板开孔可降低刷丝上游靠近跑道区域的湍流动能,减弱刷丝扰动的趋势．     

背带式双波长全固态激光清洗设备

介绍了一种背带式18W全固态1064nm/532nm双波长激光清洗设备,其中,532nm绿光功率为6.4W,M2=2,不稳定度小于1%。针对表面油漆涂层和铁锈进行了清洗试验,并给出了清洗工件的金相图,结果表明能够满足工业清洗的要求。     

Microstructural evolution and hardness of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy processed by laser surface remelting

As-cast beryllium-aluminum (Be-Al) alloy exhibits a coarse microstructure with pore defects due to a large solidification interval, greatly limiting its mechanical properties. In this research, the relationship between laser surface remelting process and microstructure and hardness of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy was established. The experimental results demonstrated that a pore-free refined microstructure of remelted layer was obtained by controlling the parameter of effective laser energy input. The microstructure of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy consisted of equiaxed grains with Al phase forming a continuous frame wrapping Be phase, which was significantly refined in the remelted zone (from 25 μm to 2 μm). The Vickers hardness in the remelted zone (approximately 210 HV) was approximately 3 times that of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy. Analysis of the Vickers hardness and the Be phase size showed a good agreement with a Hall-Petch equation. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis evidenced that Sc and Zr elements formed a single blocky phase Be₁₃(Sc_x,Zr_1-x), which was also greatly refined from 8 μm to 1.5 μm in the remelted zone. The results obtained in this study indicate that the laser surface remelting allowed refining the microstructure and further strengthening the Vickers hardness of Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy.     

Influence of laser shock peening on surface integrity and tensile property of high strength low alloy steel

Laser Shock Peening (LSP) is a well-established surface treatment commonly used to improve mechanical properties of material's surfaces. To further understand the relationship between tensile property and fatigue life improvement of high strength low alloy steel in the LSP process, LSP treatment of 32CrNi high strength low alloy steel was carried out by YAG laser with pulse energy of 15 J, and tensile property was tested by electronic universal material testing machine. Surface morphology, residual stress and tensile fracture of the specimens before and after LSP were observed by white light interferometer (WLI), X-ray measuring apparatus and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Result shows that LSP did not change tensile strength of 32CrNi steel but cause yield characteristic transform from obvious yield point to no yield phenomenon which is the only factor benefiting fatigue life, indicating that the increment of fatigue life was probably related to the disappearance of yield phenomenon. Formation mechanisms of tensile fractures and yield phenomenon induced by LSP at room temperature were also discussed and completely revealed. Deeper compressive residual stress and flat grains contributed to the transition of yield characteristic and lower elongation rate of 32CrNi steel subjected to LSP.     

Adaptive-surrogate-based robust optimization of transonic natural laminar flow nacelle

Natural Laminar Flow (NLF) technology is very effective for reducing the skin friction drag of aircraft engine nacelle, but the aerodynamic performance of NLF nacelle is highly sensitive to uncertain working conditions. Therefore, it’s imperative to incorporate uncertainties into the design of NLF nacelle. In this study, for a robust optimization of NLF nacelle and for improving its efficiency, an adaptive-surrogate-based robust optimization strategy is established, which is an iterative optimization process where the surrogate model is updated to obtain the real Pareto front of multi-objective optimization problem. A case study is carried out to validate its feasibility and effectiveness. The results show that the optimization increases the favorable pressure gradient region and the volume ratio of the nacelle by increasing its lip radius and reducing its maximum diameter. And the aerodynamic robustness of the NLF nacelle is mainly determined by the lip radius, maximum diameter of nacelle and location of the maximum diameter. Compared to the initial nacelle, the optimized nacelle maintains a wide range of low drag and high laminar flow ratio in the disturbance space, which extends the average laminar flow region to 21.6% and facilitates a decrease of 1.98 counts in the average drag coefficient.