2524与7150铝合金激光焊T型接头的组织与性能

介绍了2524与7150铝合金激光焊T型接头优化的工艺参数,并研究了T型接头在优化工艺下的显微组织与力学性能,进行金相分析、显微硬度测试与接头拉伸试验。结果表明:优化工艺下焊缝没有裂纹、气孔,金相组织晶粒细小、致密,焊缝区域的硬度最低;T型接头x方向的拉伸强度达到384 MPa,z方向的拉伸强度为236 MPa。     

激光、红外隐身兼容涂料的前景分析

红外探测技术、激光探测技术、电子战等因素使得红外波段中的隐身技术变得更为重要。在同一波段范围同时达到红外与激光的隐身兼容是热平衡理论所面临的难题。要做到红外和激光的隐身兼容，就必须克服两者对材料的一对矛盾要求。在分别介绍了红外、激光隐身的原理后，提出了红外激光复合隐身的设想，并分析了两种央技术的互相制约及兼容的可能性。     

Effect of adding Nb foil on joint properties of laser fusion welding for TC4 titanium and 7075 aluminum alloy

It is difficult to gain effective Ti-Al fusion welding joints due to their differences in thermal properties and the appearance of brittle Ti-Al Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs). The experiments of laser fusion welding for TC4 titanium and 7075 aluminum alloy were carried out, temperature field and ductility/brittleness, as well as chemical potential of elements, were calculated, and the effect of adding Nb foil on mechanical properties of the weld was also investigated. The results suggested that Nb atoms tend to diffuse toward Al side, which is conducive to the participation of Nb in the metallurgical reaction and contributes to forming the Ti-Nb-Al IMC layer at the interface. As the thickness of Nb foil increases, the tensile-shear force of joint climbs first but then declines, and reaches the highest value of 1663 N with 0.10 mm-thickness Nb foil, representing 58.38% enhancement compared with the non-added one. Adding Nb foil slows down the heat transfer as a blocker, and thus both the melting amount of Al and the mixing area of Ti and Al decrease. In addition, Nb alloying reduces the brittleness of the Ti-Al compound. Hence, the joint properties of titanium/aluminum are improved with the addition of Nb foil.     

基于码元同步环路的激光测距通信一体化算法优化研究

精密测距与高速通信一体化技术已发展成为星间激光链路的主要研究方向之一。为了探究基于空间激光通信系统的通信解调算法对测距性能的影响机理，根据现有的激光通信系统架构，分析了测距通信一体化系统的工作原理，搭建了基于码元同步的激光测距通信一体化系统模型，分析了基于Gardner同步环路信号跟踪系统的测距精度，并对鉴相算法进行了优化。理论和仿真证明，优化后的码元同步环能够同时实现码元同步判决和距离解算，并得到了4 dB的噪声容忍度提升，其测距方差主要与基带成型滤波参数、环路带宽、载噪比以及鉴相增益等因素有关。该算法简洁，不受载波相位影响，对高阶调制具有良好的兼容性，适用于空间激光链路系统，丰富了测距通信一体化理论，为后续一体化系统设计提供了仿真依据。     

基于GO法的Nd：YAG侧面泵浦激光器可靠性分析

本文报道了基于GO（Goad Oriented）法的Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器可靠性分析，建立了Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器的GO图模型，定性分析了Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器的薄弱环节，定量计算了激光头中各薄弱环节的可靠性结果，包括等效故障率λ_R、等效维修率μ_R、平均无故障工作时间（MTBF）等；并定量计算了KTP晶体故障率的改善对Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光器可靠性提高的影响。本文中建立的GO图模型可为Nd∶YAG侧面泵浦激光的优化及可靠性评价提供理论依据。     

空间激光通信调制技术的研究进展

空间激光通信系统具有传输速率高、体积小、质量轻、功耗低等特点，适用于卫星高速数据传输。激光通信调制技术作为空间激光通信系统的一项关键技术，是影响系统通信性能的主要因素之一。首先，介绍空间激光通信调制技术的原理及其分类，并对其优缺点做比较分析，再对激光调制的关键技术进行阐述；然后，从发展阶段与应用环境角度对国内外已报道的空间激光通信调制技术研究进展进行总结；最后，对空间激光通信调制技术的发展趋势进行展望。     

Non-isothermal creep age forming of Al-Cu-Li alloy: Experiment and modelling

Non-isothermal Creep Age Forming (CAF), including loading, heating, holding, cooling and springback stages, is an advanced forming technique for manufacturing high performance large integral panels at short production period and low cost. However, the creep deformation and aging precipitation during heating stage is often neglected in experiments and modeling, leading to low forming precision. To achieve shape forming and property tailoring simultaneously, a deep understanding of the non-isothermal creep aging behavior and the establishment of predictive models are urgently required. A new five-stage creep feature of Al-Cu-Li alloy during the non-isothermal creep aging is observed. The microstructural interactions between the dislocations, solute atoms, Guinier Preston zones (GP zones) and T₁ precipitates are found to dominate the five-stage creep aging behavior. The physical-based model considering temperature evolution history is established to describe the five-stage creep feature. The springback and yield strength of non-isothermal creep age formed plates with different thicknesses are predicted and compared by non-isothermal CAF experiments and corresponding simulations. The CAF experiments show that the springback and yield strength of the non-isothermal creep age formed plate are 62.1% and 506 MPa, respectively. Simulation results are in good agreement with experimental results. The proposed model broadens the application of traditional CAF models that mainly focus on isothermal conditions.     

Time resolved study of laser triggered electric discharge spark in atmosphere: Machine learning approach

In this paper we analyze the possibilities of using machine learning algorithms for analysis of optical spectra of electric discharge spark in atmosphere. Breakdown in air can be initiated by intense laser pulse, making plasma which has a significant electrical conductivity. The formed plasma can be further maintained by electric current obtained from capacitor discharge. In such a case the capacitor voltage can be much lower than the striking voltage (the voltage needed to initiate the electric breakdown in air). Present setup has timing precision and low jitter of fast laser and arbitrary high energies corresponding to capacitance and voltage to which the capacitor is charged. We have used a streak camera equipped with a spectrograph to analyze optical emission of plasma obtained in this way. Q-switched Nd:Yag laser was used to achieve the initial breakdown in air. Machine learning methods were used in order to classify optical spectra of plasmas with different electron temperatures obtained with different excitation energies. We have shown that, instead of using the usual way of identifying the spectral peaks and calculating their intensity ratio, it is possible to train the computer software to recognize the spectra corresponding to different electron temperatures. Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of problem. We present possibilities of plasma electron temperature estimation based on several clustering algorithms.     

铝锂合金曲面件超低温成形工艺

针对铝锂合金室温成形性差和热成形性能弱化的难题,利用发现的超低温下伸长率与硬化指数同时提高的双增效应,提出铝锂合金曲面件超低温成形新工艺。通过2195铝锂合金板材在不同温度和热处理状态下的超低温变形行为研究,确定发生双增效应的临界温度为低于-140℃,伸长率可提高至40%以上、硬化指数达到0.44;利用建立的超低温成形工艺实验装置,首次试制出直径200 mm的2195铝锂合金球底曲面件,深径比达到0.55、成形极限提高104%;阐明超低温成形试件壁厚分布规律与回弹规律,最大减薄率为10.3%。     

基于惯性/激光测距/视觉里程计组合的高空场景尺度误差估计方法

惯性/视觉感知信息融合导航定位技术是目前实现无人机不依赖卫星自主导航的最有效手段。但对于面向高空场景的大型无人机，惯性器件误差与视觉里程计尺度误差耦合且特征平面化导致可观测性下降。针对这一问题，提出了利用惯性/激光测距/视觉里程计组合实现尺度误差估计的方法。通过开展误差模型建立、激光测量点与图像中位置匹配、无人机平飞机动下系统可观测性分析等关键技术研究，实现了高空场景下尺度误差的精确估计。经过300m高度机载试验数据验证，算法精度优于1.5%D，对卫星拒止条件下高空无人机自主导航具有重要意义。