激光空间流动显示及其应用

本文介绍激光空间流动显示技术及其在复杂流动中的应用。着重介绍了作者在激光诱导荧光流动显示(LIF)技术的研究和应用。较系统地讨论了若干原理和技术问题,并提供了一些实际应用的典型的流态照片。     

激光多普勒测速误差分析

分析了实测中二维四光束双色激光多普勒测速系统测量误差的来源,给出了不确定度的合成方法。     

雷达/激光复合隐身材料的实验研究

采用双层涂敷法,在雷达隐身材料表层喷涂薄层的激光隐身材料,制备了双层型雷达/激光复合隐身材料,并用紫外-可见-近红外分光光度计分别测试了涂敷激光涂层前后的激光反射率以及在微波暗室内测试了涂敷激光涂层前后的雷达波反射率.结果表明：涂敷激光涂层后,在1.06 μm处的反射率由2.24%降低到0.13%,在8～15 GHz范围内,对雷达波反射率没有不利影响,均小于-7.5 dB,且有一定的改善,显示该材料在8～15 GHz范围内可以很好地实现雷达与激光的复合隐身,在其他波段的兼容性有待于进一步研究.     

两米光栅——线纹自动测量仪（一）

描述了一台能够对长度达１ｍ的线纹尺和长度达２ｍ的光栅尺（线位移传感器）进行测量的激光干涉仪，干涉仪设计成了双干涉光路系统，以消除光栅尺安装引入的阿贝误差，这台测量仪采用干涉条纹计量原理，对光栅尺和线纹尺的线值精度进行检测，并能对光机信号的质量进行评价。测量过程中，对空气折射率实现了实时修正。     

接触式激光干涉仪的数据采集与处理系统

讨论了接触式激光干涉议的数据采集与处理系统，其特点是性能稳定，操作灵活。实验证明，该系统满足仪器分辨率为0．01μm，重复性误差在0．03μm以内的要求。     

抖动式激光陀螺零速率点误差分析

分析了抖动式激光陀螺经过零速率点引起的误差特征。根据此误差特征，系统地推导出该误差与陀螺参数的关系并进行了必要的讨论。     

单片机控制的线纹尺测量系统

介绍了一个由８０３１单片机控制的线纹尺测量系统。该系统利用激光比长仪的机械部分和光路系统，以８０３１单片机为下位机，用其控制自动检测并且计数脉冲，以８０２８６ＰＣ机为上位机，用其进行数据处理并直接打印出检定证书。     

Influence of laser shock peening on surface integrity and tensile property of high strength low alloy steel

Laser Shock Peening (LSP) is a well-established surface treatment commonly used to improve mechanical properties of material's surfaces. To further understand the relationship between tensile property and fatigue life improvement of high strength low alloy steel in the LSP process, LSP treatment of 32CrNi high strength low alloy steel was carried out by YAG laser with pulse energy of 15 J, and tensile property was tested by electronic universal material testing machine. Surface morphology, residual stress and tensile fracture of the specimens before and after LSP were observed by white light interferometer (WLI), X-ray measuring apparatus and scanning electron microscope (SEM). Result shows that LSP did not change tensile strength of 32CrNi steel but cause yield characteristic transform from obvious yield point to no yield phenomenon which is the only factor benefiting fatigue life, indicating that the increment of fatigue life was probably related to the disappearance of yield phenomenon. Formation mechanisms of tensile fractures and yield phenomenon induced by LSP at room temperature were also discussed and completely revealed. Deeper compressive residual stress and flat grains contributed to the transition of yield characteristic and lower elongation rate of 32CrNi steel subjected to LSP.     

Microstructural evolution and hardness of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy processed by laser surface remelting

As-cast beryllium-aluminum (Be-Al) alloy exhibits a coarse microstructure with pore defects due to a large solidification interval, greatly limiting its mechanical properties. In this research, the relationship between laser surface remelting process and microstructure and hardness of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy was established. The experimental results demonstrated that a pore-free refined microstructure of remelted layer was obtained by controlling the parameter of effective laser energy input. The microstructure of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy consisted of equiaxed grains with Al phase forming a continuous frame wrapping Be phase, which was significantly refined in the remelted zone (from 25 μm to 2 μm). The Vickers hardness in the remelted zone (approximately 210 HV) was approximately 3 times that of as-cast Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy. Analysis of the Vickers hardness and the Be phase size showed a good agreement with a Hall-Petch equation. In addition, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis evidenced that Sc and Zr elements formed a single blocky phase Be₁₃(Sc_x,Zr_1-x), which was also greatly refined from 8 μm to 1.5 μm in the remelted zone. The results obtained in this study indicate that the laser surface remelting allowed refining the microstructure and further strengthening the Vickers hardness of Be-Al-Sc-Zr alloy.     

Measurement and stability of the pointing of the BepiColombo Laser Altimeter under thermal load

The BepiColombo Laser Altimeter (BELA) has been selected to fly on ESA?s BepiColombo mission to Mercury. The instrument will be the first European laser altimeter designed for interplanetary flight. This paper describes the setup used to characterize the angular movements of BELA under the simulated environmental conditions that the instrument will encounter when orbiting Mercury. The system comprises a laser transmitter and a receiving telescope, which can move with respect to each other under thermal load. Tests performed using the Engineering Qualification Model show that the setup is accurate enough to characterize angular movements of the instrument components to an accuracy of ≈10 μrad. The qualification instrument is thermally stable to operate during all mission phases around Mercury proving that the transmitter and receiver sections will remain within the alignment requirements during its mission.