激光目标模拟器功率现场校准装置

激光探测设备被广泛应用于精确瞄准、捕获、跟踪系统中,在其投入使用前,需要进行多次仿真测试。激光目标模拟器是激光探测设备仿真测试时使用的重要仿真设备,但是具有体积大、不易搬运的特点。本文设计了一种激光目标模拟器现场功率校准装置。该校准装置由光阑、聚焦光学系统、能量探测单元、时域探测单元、二维位移机构、微型转台和控制软件等组成。校准装置可现场对1.064μm、峰值功率范围(10^-5～10^-1)W的激光目标模拟器功率稳定性及均匀性进行准确、快速校准,功率稳定性及均匀性测量不确定度均小于8%（k=2）,从而为激光目标模拟器提供计量保障。     

定矩角锥棱镜长度标准器校准技术研究

针对由两个角锥棱镜组成的定距长度标准器校准问题,提出了一种定距角锥棱镜长度标准器校准方法。采用一种角锥棱镜光学顶点直接瞄准和快速装调方法,实现了角锥棱镜光学顶点的快速瞄准和定位,配合三支路激光干涉精密测长装置,搭建了角锥楼镜长度标准器校准装置,提高了角锥棱镜长度标淮器的瞄准和校准准确度。     

三角翼前缘脱体涡涡核速度的激光测量

本文用二维激光多普勒测速仪(LDV)在低速风洞中测量了三角翼旋涡剖面的速度分布,确定了涡核位置和涡核的大小,给出了三角翼旋涡空间位置随迎角的变化。     

浮球平台刚性的计算与实验研究

本文从浮球平台的结构特点出发,找到了适合于该复杂结构的三维有限元网格的分法,并编制了相应的单元及节点信息生成程序。使用ADINA程序计算了该结构的位移值,分析了其刚度,并与实验值作了比较,证明了本文方法的可靠性。     

一维PSD位置敏感光电器件的应用研究

本文简要叙述了一维ＰＳＤ位置敏感光电器件的工作原理,以及采用光学三角法测量构成的尺寸测量传感器,重点介绍ＰＳＤ、半导体激光器实现铁路的钢轨磨耗自动检测的方法。     

空间推进系统铝合金组件激光焊阈值特性

为解决空间推进系统直属组件轻量化需求,对新采用的铝合金材料进行了激光焊阈值特性研究。结果表明,铝合金激光焊阈值区间与焊接速度和离焦量的绝对值正相关,但正向变化幅度远低于不锈钢、镍合金和钛合金等材料。对于光束质量不同的激光焊机来说,光束的焦斑直径越小,实焦焊时阈值区间越低;光束的发散角越小,相同离焦量下阈值区间越低。在-12°～12°内,铝合金激光焊阈值区间与入射角无关。保护气的吹送方向和吹送速度基本不改变铝合金激光焊的阈值区间,此特性与不锈钢等材料略有区别。     

Cu(Ni80 Cr20 )-陶瓷复合机体的激光刻蚀机制

为解决陶瓷基底金属薄膜一体化部件的激光微加工精度问题,研究了纳秒脉冲激光作用于Cu(Ni80Cr20)-Al2O3复合机体的薄膜/基底界面分离机制。结果表明:激光刻蚀Cu时,光斑扫过的区域的Cu能够完全气化,得到较光滑的图案;在刻蚀Ni80Cr20时,光斑扫过的区域首先被氮化,随后氮化层剥离,导致刻蚀图形边沿粗糙。激光光斑能量呈高斯分布,使得Ni80Cr20氮化程度不均匀,是影响刻蚀精度的主要原因。利用波前衍射变换技术将光斑能量由高斯分布转换为能量呈平顶分布,在激光能量大于5.4 m J时,厚度4μm的Ni80Cr20层均匀氮化剥离,实现了Ni80Cr20-Al2O3组合体高精度、基底无损伤刻蚀。     

激光跟踪仪在某型飞机制造中的应用研究

阐述了激光跟踪仪组成、测量原理及误差补偿方法。利用激光跟踪仪分别在某型飞机后机身总装、大部件对接和质量检测工位构建了空间测量系统。实现了部件装配平台运动闭环控制,完成了飞机大部件预总装动态调姿引导,对飞机部件装配质量进行了定量监控,大幅度提高了飞机装配效率和质量。     

Design and Verification of the Feet Design used for the “Heat Flow Property Package Instrument” (HP3) on-board the Mars Mission InSight

The HP³ instrument measures the thermal flux through the Martian crust using a penetration probe. Launched on the InSight mission in 2018, HP³ was deployed for penetration activities in the beginning of 2019. During initial operation, the instrument is vulnerable to slip, due to a combination of low system mass (3.3 kg on Earth), shocks delivered by the penetration probe’s action, and the possibility of an inclined attitude on the surface. An uncontrolled position change of the instrument on the surface can reduce the scientific output and even lead to a loss of the experiment if the probe’s supporting structure moves laterally. Naturally, the design of the feet has major impact on the total amount of slippage. A new design for the feet with a high slippage resistance capability at a low level of complexity and mass was developed for this instrument’s supporting structure. The design provides sufficient slippage resistance while fulfilling the challenging set of requirements for a Mars surface mission. The design was verified by test campaigns which emulate launch environments and operational behavior on Mars. This paper gives a detailed overview of the HP³ instrument itself, the relevant requirements, the complex different test campaigns and the final flight design.     

Creation of the new industry-standard space test of laser retroreflectors for the GNSS and LAGEOS

We built a new experimental apparatus (the “Satellite/lunar laser ranging Characterization Facility”, SCF) and created a new test procedure (the SCF-Test) to characterize and model the detailed thermal behavior and the optical performance of cube corner laser retroreflectors in space for industrial and scientific applications. The primary goal of these innovative tools is to provide critical design and diagnostic capabilities for Satellites Laser Ranging (SLR) to Galileo and other GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) constellations. The capability will allow us to optimize the design of GNSS laser retroreflector payloads to maximize ranging efficiency, to improve signal-to-noise conditions in daylight and to provide pre-launch validation of retroreflector performance under laboratory-simulated space conditions. Implementation of new retroreflector designs being studied will help to improve GNSS orbits, which will then increase the accuracy, stability, and distribution of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF), to provide better definition of the geocenter (origin) and the scale (length unit).