网格湍流CAARC模型风洞实验

对大气湍流边界层的真实模拟是风工程风洞模拟实验所要满足的基本条件之一，平均速度剖面，湍流度剖面，积分尺度和风谱是反映大气湍流边界层流动的四个最基本的因素。本文首先研究了不同孔隙率的均匀网格湍流场的流动特性，得到湍流度，积分尺度以及风谱的变化规律，然后在变化基中某一个因素而保持另外三个因素不变的条件下，研究了处于均匀网格湍流场中的CAARC模型风荷载响应的变化，从而确定每个因素的独立变化对模型所受风荷的影响。实验结果表明湍流度和积分尺度对结构物所受风载都有很重要的影响，在风洞大气湍流边界层模拟中应该予以充分的考虑，否则将会引起风荷载实验结果的偏差。     

基于单轴随机扩展算法的自主探测器大角度机动规划

自主姿态大角度机动是自主深空探测器的关键技术之一，而在满足敏感仪器、保持通信链路等约束的情况下实现姿态大角度机动的自主规划与执行是目前面临的一个难题。针对这个问题，提出一种单轴随机扩展算法，该算法采用扩展的方式生成规划路径，并充分利用扩展过程中邻近点的信息，把属于三维构造空间的大角度机动规划问题简化为二维规划问题，从而减少问题求解的搜索空间。最后利用前向搜索方法对初始的规划路径进行优化，并通过算例验证了此方法的可行性。     

DSP在图像灰度校正中的应用

介绍一个在用户视频环境下,采用典型非线性因子2.2进行非线性校正的公式;给出采用TMS320C2000进行图像灰度校正的软件设计方法。     

Ares V launch vehicle: An enabling capability for future space science missions

NASA's planned Ares V cargo launch vehicle offers the potential to completely change the paradigm of future space science mission architectures. Future space science telescopes desire increasingly larger telescope collecting aperture. But, current launch vehicle mass and volume constraints are a severe limit. The Ares V greatly relaxes these constraints. For example, while current launch vehicles have the ability to place a 4.5 m diameter payload with a mass of 9400 kg on to a Sun-Earth L2 transfer trajectory, the Ares V is projected to have the ability to place an 8.8 m diameter payload with a mass of approximately 60,000 kg on to the same trajectory, or 180,000 kg into Low Earth Orbit. Also the Ares V could place approximately 3000 kg (13,000 kg with a Centaur upper stage) on to a trajectory with a C3 of 106 km²/s², arriving at Saturn in 6.1 years without the use of gravity assists. This paper summarizes the current planned Ares V payload launch capability.     

Numerical analysis of broadband noise reduction with wavy leading edge

Large Eddy Simulation(LES) is performed to investigate the airfoil broadband noise reduction with wavy leading edge under anisotropic incoming turbulence. The anisotropic incoming turbulence is generated by a rod with a diameter of 10 mm. The incoming flow velocity is 40 m/s and the corresponding Reynolds numbers based on airfoil chord and rod diameter are about 397000 and 26000, respectively. The far-field acoustic field is predicted using an acoustic analogy method which has been validated by the experiment. A straight leading edge airfoil and a wavy leading edge airfoil are simulated. The results show that wavy leading edge increases the airfoil lift and drag whereas the lift and drag fluctuations are substantially reduced. In addition, wavy leading edge can significantly change the flow pattern around the leading edge and a pair of counter-rotating streamwise vortices stemming from each wavy leading edge peak are observed.An averaged noise reduction of 9.5 dB is observed with the wavy leading edge at the azimuthal angle of 90°. Moreover, the wavy leading edge can mitigate noise radiation at all the azimuthal angles without significantly changing the noise directivity. The underlying noise reduction mechanisms are then analyzed in detail.     

Very large space structures: Non-linear control and robustness to structural uncertainties

Very Large Space Structures (VLSS) are challenging systems to be controlled, due to their high flexibility. In particular, rapid attitude maneuvers can determine great oscillations on the flexible elements of a spacecraft (solar wings, antennas, booms). On account of this, in the last decades many researchers have developed different strategies to effectively damp the elastic vibrations by means of active vibration devices (such as piezo-electric patches) or by means of robust control algorithms. The approach suggested in this paper is different, since neither additional devices nor complex control laws are introduced. In fact, the complete model of the system (including rigid, elastic and orbital dynamics, coupled with control actions) is controlled by the non-linear attitude controller named state dependent Riccati equation, which will be based on a simplified version of the spacecraft model. The task to reduce the mutual interaction between rigid attitude and flexible dynamics is entirely transferred to a modification of the desired trajectory that must be tracked. This command shaping technique is based on the knowledge of the parameters (inertial and elastics) of the VLSS. Unfortunately these parameters are not always exactly known and, however, they may change over the time. On account of this a Monte Carlo analysis has been also performed, showing the robustness of the proposed control strategy to the structural uncertainties. The numerical simulations prove that this strategy, based on the joint application of two well-known yet simple techniques, produces accurate and robust results.     

单片机控制的线纹尺测量系统

介绍了一个由８０３１单片机控制的线纹尺测量系统。该系统利用激光比长仪的机械部分和光路系统，以８０３１单片机为下位机，用其控制自动检测并且计数脉冲，以８０２８６ＰＣ机为上位机，用其进行数据处理并直接打印出检定证书。     

一种基于三维到达角的无偏伪线性卡尔曼滤波

为了解决大场景下基于三维到达角的目标跟踪问题，提出了一种具有无偏性的伪线性卡尔曼滤波。首先，基于三维到达角信息对目标运动模型与量测模型进行建模；之后，对量测模型进行了伪线性化处理，得到了线性形式的目标量测模型。为了解决伪线性卡尔曼滤波存在的有偏性问题，提出了一种结合EKF（extend Kalman filter）的三维伪线性无偏卡尔曼滤波。仿真实验表明，该模型能够对非机动目标与机动目标有效跟踪，对于百公里级别的目标，当角测量误差从0.1°变化到0.5°，算法在仿真时间结束时均能将绝对位置误差降低至10 km以内，且算法的运行速度与EKF为同一个量级，同时兼顾了抗干扰能力、定位跟踪精度、运行效率的要求，能够为大场景下的目标跟踪提供有效方法。     

弧面分度凸轮机构参数优化设计的一种新方法

在机械工程中，原始参数的选择和结构参数的设计是否合理决定了产品的质量和产品各方面性能的优劣，从优化设计思想着手，充分考虑到弧面分度凸轮机构的结构特点，采用了交互式多目标优化方法——权空间法，并将此方法与约束变尺度（ＷＨＰ）法相结合，进而解决弧面分度凸轮机构参数优化设计的问题。     

Surface accuracy analysis of large deployable antennas

This paper performs an analysis to the systematic surface figure error influenced by three factors including errors of faceted paraboloids, fabrication imperfection and random thermal strains in orbit. Firstly, the computational formulas for root-mean-square surface deviations caused by these factors are presented respectively. The stochastic finite element method is applied to derive the computational formulas of fabrication imperfection and random thermal strains, by which the sensitivity of surface accuracy to component imperfection can be revealed. Then the Monte Carlo simulation method is introduced to obtain the surface figure by sampling test on random errors. Finally, the analytical method is applied to the research on the surface figure error of AstroMesh deployable reflector. The results show that the deviations between the root-mean-square surface errors calculated by the proposed formulas with less consuming time and those by the Monte Carlo simulation method are less than 2%, which indicates that the proposed method is efficient and receivable enough to analyze systematic surface figure error of a large deployable antenna. Moreover, further investigations on the relationship between surface RMS deviation and the antenna parameters including aperture and the number of subdivisions are presented in the end.