固体火箭发动机装药缺陷失效判定研究的发展和展望

阐述了近年来固体火箭发动机装药缺陷失效判定研究的一些进展,目前世界各国还未发现统一而完善的缺陷失效判定方法。根据最近相关领域新技术的出现与军事斗争的需要,展望了这一研究领域未来的发展趋势。     

Software defect prevention based on human error theories

Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper proposes a defect prevention approach based on human error mechanisms:DPeHE.The approach includes both knowledge and regulation training in human error prevention.Knowledge training provides programmers with explicit knowledge on why programmers commit errors,what kinds of errors tend to be committed under different circumstances,and how these errors can be prevented.Regulation training further helps programmers to promote the awareness and ability to prevent human errors through practice.The practice is facilitated by a problem solving checklist and a root cause identification checklist.This paper provides a systematic framework that integrates knowledge across disciplines,e.g.,cognitive science,software psychology and software engineering to defend against human errors in software development.Furthermore,we applied this approach in an international company at CMM Level 5 and a software development institution at CMM Level 1 in the Chinese Aviation Industry.The application cases show that the approach is feasible and effective in promoting developers' ability to prevent software defects,inde pendent of process maturity levels.     

民机维修性设计缺陷分类探讨及案例分析

提出了现役民用飞机存在的维修性设计缺陷的分类范畴，对各类维修性设计缺陷进行了界定，并结合实际运营机型的部分维修性设计缺陷案例进行了分析。     

超高强度钢不同性质缺陷的声发射特性研究

研究了超高强度钢30Si2MnCrMoVE的声发射特性,针对裂纹、夹钨、未焊透等几种常见焊接缺陷的声发射数据进行了分析,为相关产品的声发射检测结果评定提供参考,以此提高声发射技术在超高强度钢产品质量检测上的可靠性。     

Photoluminescence Properties of Nanocrystalline 3C-SiC Films

Nanocrystalline (nc) 3C-SiC films on the Si substrate were prepared by the helicon wave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposi-tion (HW-PECVD) technique. With the SiH4-CH4 gas flow ratio changing, the films exhibit different photoluminescence (PL) character-istics. Under the stoichiometric condition, the PL peak redshift from 470 nm to 515 nm is detected with the increase of excitation wave-length, which can be attributed to the quantum confinement effect radiation of 3C-SiC nanocrystals of different sizes. However, the ap-pearance of an additional PL band at 436 nm in Si-rich film might be sourced back to the excess of Si defect centers in it. This is also the case for C-rich film for its PL band lying at 570 nm. The results above quoted indicate an important influence of gas flow ratio on the PL properties of the SiC films providing an effective guidance for analyzing the luminescence mechanism and exploring the high-efficiency light emission of the SiC films.     

某型发动机三齿Ⅱ级涡轮叶片断裂故障浅析

某型发动机Ⅱ级涡轮叶断裂故障，是长期困扰该型发动机承制厂的重大技术质量问题。通过对故障的研究，提出了解决断裂故障的改进措施。     

固体火箭发动机喷管粘接界面的超声检测

介绍了超声纵波多次反射法在固体火箭发动机喷管金属与非金属复合构件粘接界面无损检测中的应用原理，设计制做了对比试块用来考查方法的探伤灵敏度，并对实际样品进行了检测，证明该方法适用于现场检测和阵地探伤。     

Characteristics of Disorder and Defect in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon Nitride Thin Films Containing Silicon Nanograins

The hydrogenated amorphous silicon nitride （SiNx） thin films embedded with nano-structural silicon were prepared and the micro- structures at the interface of silicon nano-grains/SiNx were identified by the optical absorption and Raman scattering measurements. Characterized by the exponential tail of optical absorption and the band-width of the Raman scattering TO mode, the disorder in the interface region increases with the gas flow ratio increasing. Besides, as reflected by the sub-gap absorption coefficients, the density of interface defect states decreases, which can be attributed to the structural mismatch in the interface region and also the changes of hydrogen content in the deposited films. Additional annealing treatment results in a significant increase of defects and degree of disorder, for which the hydrogen out-diffusion in the annealing process would be responsible.     

用有限元法预测粉末体镦粗过程中的裂纹缺陷

 以金属粉末体材料的塑性理论为基础，采用体积可压缩的刚塑性有限元法模拟粉末体材料的塑性变形过程。同时以Lee-Kuhn通过实验获得的局部应变极限准则为破裂条件，获得了在不同摩擦因子、高径比和初始相对密度条件下鼓形部位出现破裂的极限工艺参数。与Lee-Kuhn的实验结果比较表明：本文的预测方法不仅可行，而且其模拟计算结果可靠。     

基于微结构识别的单向复合材料导热系数预估

以T300碳纤维/环氧树脂基单向复合材料为例,考虑纤维周围间隙缺陷的影响,建立了基于微观图像识别的等效导热系数预估方法.首先利用图像识别技术处理材料微观电镜照片,然后依据纤维体积分数稳定性判据应用几何重构技术建立了代表性单元,并通过在代表性单元（RVE）内部交界面处添加接触热阻的方法引入间隙缺陷的影响,最终利用有限元方法模拟得到等效导热系数（ETC）.研究发现:间隙的位置对等效导热系数影响微弱;随着间隙缺陷占比和厚度的增加,等效导热系数显著降低;间隙缺陷占比大于0.8,无量纲间隙缺陷厚度小于0.15时,单向纤维增韧复合材料的等效导热系数受间隙影响最突出;相对于纤维和基体理想接触的情况,考虑间隙缺陷后,等效导热系数最大降幅可达52.1%.