测试布局对涡轮效率的影响研究

在涡轮稳态性能试验中,由于探针几何堵塞限制,进/出口测量截面上过少的测点以及近端壁流场信息缺失影响涡轮等熵效率的评估精度。本文基于涡轮出口截面近壁边界层与平板湍流边界层速度分布相似的假设,首先发展了涡轮近壁边界层总温、总压计算模型,然后利用PW E³单级高压涡轮的数值计算结果,分析发现此近壁边界层模型能大幅改进涡轮测试效率的精度,轮毂近壁测点位于5%~10%叶高、机匣近壁测点位于90%~95%叶高时,近壁边界层模型修正的涡轮效率精度最高。测试截面位于涡轮出口3倍转子叶根轴向弦长下游时,在不同的涡轮工况下,涡轮的修正效率与CFD全流场计算效率的误差小于0.3%。利用此模型,进一步分析了探针周向、径向测点数对涡轮效率的影响,获得了高精度测试效率所需的最少周向测点数为5,最佳径向点数可取7~10。获得的试验数据后处理方法以及测试探针布局准则,能用于指导工程上涡轮性能试验方案设计以及试验数据后处理。     

一种强螺旋流现象的实验研究

螺旋流一般通过切向进流、安装导流片或旋转管道三种方式产生,但Horii 等人通过实验发现有三种装置也产生了非常稳定的螺旋流。笔者利用激光测速仪针对其中一种装置产生的螺旋流进行了时均速度分布测量。实验结果表明,本例情况下时均流动先是形成不对称双涡结构然后过渡到单一涡结构而形成螺旋流的     

压气机转子出口流场的发展及三维紊流特性

用单斜热丝和高频压力探针仔细测量了单级压气机转子出口及下游的三维紊流流场, 揭示转子出口流场的变化, 分析不同流量状态下单级压气机转子出口的三维紊流特性。      

现代遥测技术在直八飞行载荷实测中的应用

旋转动部件的飞行载荷实测一直是直升机研究所关注和难以解决的问题,而又是直升机寿命可靠性及疲劳载荷谱编制的重要依据。本文主要叙述研制的YC-24遥测系统原理和特点,以及在直8型机尾桨系统飞行载荷实测应用,为直升机旋转动部件的载荷测试提供了新的成功经验。     

空分天线风场测量中三角尺寸效应的抑制

利用空分天线方法进行风场测量时存在着三角尺寸效应,以往公认的产生原因包括电子噪声干扰、地杂波等因素.本文首先提出另外一种产生三角尺寸效应的可能原因,即大气非平稳性和不均匀性(可统称为大气非平稳性),并讨论了由于此原因对大气风场测量的影响和作用以及产生三角尺寸效应的具体机制.在此基础上提出了一种用来消除大气的非平稳性影响的方法,即增量累积量法.用增量累积量方法的特例(2阶零延迟增量累积量)得出一维平均速度的表达式.理论分析表明利用该方法还可以有效地去除地杂波效应;高阶(k≥3)情况,增量累积量还可以抑制高斯噪声.分别在非平稳大气情况和有地杂波情况下,对空分天线方法中的全相关分析算法和增量累积量法进行数值模拟对比,得出结论:随着天线间距的变化,增量累积量法实测平均风场水平速度与模型输入速度的偏差比全相关分析算法要小得多.      

叶片裂纹故障的多普勒在线监测技术仿真研究

本文研究了文献[1]介绍的叶片裂纹故障声学多普勒在线监测技术的监测原理;提出了一种新的基于裂纹叶片振动响应波形不对称性的监测方法;编制了这两种方法的计算及信号处理程序。仿真计算证明这些程序是可行的,同时表明,本文建立的新的监测方法在监测有效性、可靠性方面具有优势。      

单转子轴流压气机不同状态下进出口三维时均流场

用圆锥四孔高频压力探针测量了单转子轴流压气机不同流量状态下, 转子进出口三维时均流场。结果表明, 压气机转子进口流动沿周向呈现较强的周期性变化, 尤其在近失速状态, 叶片压力面侧总压和静压高, 吸力面侧总压和静压低, 而前缘附近轴向速度低、相对气流角大。      

非定常压力测量中信号失真的管传递函数修正方法

使用外置压力传感器测量非定常压力会造成非定常测量信号失真. 这是由连接外置传感器和测点之间的管道传压系统引成的. 阐述了一种修正这种非定常信号失真的方法.从而使得运用外置传感器测量非定常压力成为可能.这种技术使用已知的管传递函数在频域中修正非定常测量信号的失真. 同时修正失真信号振幅的变化和相位角的偏移.给出了这种修正技术的运用实例:在叶轮机颤振试验中测量叶片表面非定常压力和在非定常旋涡脱落试验中测量尾迹.     

Analysis of BDS-3 distributed autonomous navigation based on BeiDou system simulation platform

Satellite autonomous navigation is an important function of the BeiDou-3 navigation System (BDS-3). Satellite autonomous navigation means that the navigation satellite uses long-term forecast ephemeris and Inter-Satellite Link (ISL) measurements to determinate its own spatial position and time reference without the support of the ground Operation and Control System (OCS) for a long time to ensure that the navigation system can normally maintain the time and space reference. This paper aims to analyze the feasibility of distributed autonomous navigation algorithms. For the first time, a ground parallel autonomous navigation test system (GPANTS) is built. The performance of distributed autonomous navigation is then analyzed using the two-way ISL ranging of BDS-3 satellites. First, the BDS simulation platform and the GPANTS are introduced. Then, the basic principles of distributed satellite autonomous orbit determination and time synchronization based on ISL measurements are summarized. Preliminary evaluation of the performance of the BDS-3 constellation autonomous navigation service under ideal conditions through simulation data. Then the performance of autonomous navigation for 22 BeiDou-3 satellites using ISL measurements is evaluated. The results show that when satellites operate autonomously for 50 days without the support of any ground station, the User Range Error (URE) of autonomous orbit determination is better than 3 m, and the time synchronization accuracy is better than 4 ns.     

Model based Computerized Ionospheric Tomography in space and time

Reconstruction of the ionospheric electron density distribution in space and time not only provide basis for better understanding the physical nature of the ionosphere, but also provide improvements in various applications including HF communication. Recently developed IONOLAB-CIT technique provides physically admissible 3D model of the ionosphere by using both Slant Total Electron Content (STEC) measurements obtained from a GPS satellite - receiver network and IRI-Plas model. IONOLAB-CIT technique optimizes IRI-Plas model parameters in the region of interest such that the synthetic STEC computations obtained from the IRI-Plas model are in accordance with the actual STEC measurements. In this work, the IONOLAB-CIT technique is extended to provide reconstructions both in space and time. This extension exploits the temporal continuity of the ionosphere to provide more reliable reconstructions with a reduced computational load. The proposed 4D-IONOLAB-CIT technique is validated on real measurement data obtained from TNPGN-Active GPS receiver network in Turkey.