离子推力器放电腔内等离子体流动规律的全粒子模型

为了详细描述等离子体在放电腔内的产生、演化过程,建立了放电腔内部等离子体流动的二维轴对称全粒子数值模型。在考虑壁面二次电子发射影响的前提下,模拟得到了稳态后放电腔内电磁场、电子与离子数密度,电流密度等一系列参数分布,且与相关实验数据进行了比较,吻合较好。模型得到了实验中难以观测到的放电腔内等离子体的产生、演化过程以及稳态下的分布规律,合理解释了放电腔工作的基本原理。     

射频离子推力器研究进展

射频离子推力器由于高比冲、长寿命、高效率等优点在电推进领域中占有重要地位.为了进一步缩减推进系统的质量和体积,降低成本,一些新型射频离子推力器相继出现,其中无中和器射频离子推力器备受关注.对传统射频离子推力器的国内外研究及发展现状进行了总结,分析了射频离子推进技术中涉及的关键技术,概述了无中和器射频离子推力器的原理及研...     

A Carbon Nano Tube electron impact ionisation source for low-power,compact spacecraft mass spectrometers

A novel ionisation source which uses commercially available Carbon Nano Tube devices is demonstrated as a replacement for a filament based ionisation source in an ion trap mass spectrometer. The carbon nanotube ion source electron emission was characterised and exhibited typical emission of 30 ± 1.7 μA with an applied voltage differential of 300 V between the carbon nanotube tips and the extraction grid. The ion source was tested for longevity and operated under a condition of continuous emission for a period of 44 h; there was an observed reduction in emission current of 26.5% during operation. Spectra were generated by installing the ion source into a Finnigan Mat ITD700 ion trap mass spectrometer; the spectra recorded showed all of the characteristic m/z peaks from m/z 69 to m/z 219. Perfluorotributylamine spectra were collected and averaged contiguously for a period of 48 h with no significant signal loss or peak mass allocation shift. The low power requirements and low mass of this novel ionisation source are considered be of great value to future space missions where mass spectrometric technology will be employed.     

Reconstruction of topside density profile by using the topside sounder model profiler and digisonde data

To improve the accuracy of the real time topside electron density profiles given by the Digisonde software a new model-assisted technique is used. This technique uses the Topside Sounder Model (TSM), which provides the plasma scale height (H_s), O⁺–H⁺ transition height (H_T), and their ratio Rt = H_s/H_T, derived from topside sounder data of Alouette and ISIS satellites. The Topside Sounder Model Profiler (TSMP) incorporates TSM and uses the model quantities as anchor points in construction of topside density (Ne) profiles. For any particular location, TSMP calculates topside Ne profiles by specifying the values of foF2 and hmF2. In the present version, TSMP takes the F2 peak characteristics – foF2, hmF2, and the scale height at hmF2 – from the Digisonde measurements. The paper shows results for the Digisonde stations Athens and Juliusruh. It is found that the topside scale height used in Digisonde reconstruction is less than that extracted from topside sounder profiles. Rough comparison of their bulk distributions showed that they differ by an average factor of 1.25 for locations of Athens and Juliusruh. When the Digisonde scale heights are adjusted by this factor, the reconstructed topside profiles are close to those provided by TSM. Compared with CHAMP reconstruction profiles in two cases, TSMP/Digisonde profiles show lower density between 400 and 2000 km.     

离子推力器高效高可靠性屏栅电源设计

为了进一步提高离子推力器的可靠性和使用寿命,采用6个电源模块串联输出的方法设计了高效高可靠性的屏栅电源试验样机,每个模块采用全桥LLC谐振变换器,并对屏栅电源模块的性能、打火时开关管的瞬态电流应力分别进行了测试研究。结果表明：屏栅电源模块采用全桥LLC谐振变换器,可以实现零电压开通零电流关断（ZVSZCS）,整个电源的转换效率提高到96.9%;单个电源模块输出电压为210V,电源模块内部没有大于250V 的交流电压峰值,简化了高压绝缘设计的难度;变换器初级较大谐振电感的限流作用使得推力器出现打火时,开关器件瞬态电流仅为40A。该设计可以有效提高屏栅电源的效率和可靠性,可以应用于小行星探测等深空探测航天器的电推进系统。     

阳极电流和屏栅电压对5kW离子推力器性能的影响

为了研究5kW离子推力器功率宽范围工作能力,采用试验的方法得到阳极电流和屏栅电压与其性能的影响关系。研究结果表明：离子束流随阳极电流增大呈线性增大。当屏栅电压增加时,推力器离子束流先增加然后趋于稳定,加速栅电流单调减小。推力随功率增大呈线性增长,比冲随功率的增大呈非线性增长,在功率308W~4813W下实现了推力12mN~184mN,比冲1817s~3538s, 效率34%~67%的宽范围调节。同时推力器效率随功率增大逐渐增大,并在2902W时存在明显拐点,在实际在轨应用中要根据任务需求确定最佳工作区间提高推力器性能和效率。     

防原子氧与抗辐射环境薄膜性能研究

金属氧化物薄膜具有良好的光学,电学特性,因此是卫星表面热控材料防静电积累的重要材料之一。实验研究发现这些金属氧化物薄膜还是具有优良的防原子氧和抗空间辐照环境的能力,而且这种能力与成膜方法及工艺过程直接相关。经模拟原子氧环境的氧等离子体作用后,溅射镀氧化锡样品的质损明显小于蒸镀氧化铟锡薄膜的质损,而氧化铟锡薄膜的质损又小于未镀薄膜试样质损。     

离子推力器双阶栅极系统引出性能研究

针对基于最优导流工况设计的双阶四栅栅极系统在多工况下的引出性能,采用浸入式有限元和粒子云算法(IFE-PIC)对其聚焦和引出过程进行了研究.研究结果表明,相较于相同聚焦电压下的传统栅极系统,基于最优导流工况设计的双阶四栅栅极系统由过聚焦进入正常聚焦的拐点右移,栅极系统的引出性能变差.因此建议双阶栅极离子推力器在设计时使...     

离子注入生物诱变实验注入剂量的测量与控制

离子注入生物诱变是不同于传统辐射生物学的人工诱变新方法。在离子注入生物诱变实验中,注入剂量决定了生物样品的辐射损伤程度,是要求精确测定并控制的一个重要参量。本文介绍５０ｋｅＶ离子注入生物诱变实验装置注入剂量的测量和控制方法,对系统的硬件结构和软件设计作了较详细的说明。实验结果表明：注入剂量的测量与控制准确、可靠。     

8cm汞离子推进器样机用小孔空心阴极设计

对小孔空心阴极内部放电物理过程作了描述。根据8cm 汞离子推进器与阴极相关的设计参数,计算了阴极内部压强、粒子密度、初始电子能量平均交换自由程等参量,因而设计出阴极发射体、阴极顶小孔等主要尺寸。复核了阴极发射电流。对阴极热平衡、加热器工作参量作了计算,并与实验结果进行了比较。根据阴极在推进器中工作方式,对阴极结构设计进行了描述,包括材料选择和等离子体喷涂工艺制造。给出了长期阴极热模拟实验结果。