不同压力条件下水平平板的表面换热实验研究

为了解不同压力下水平平板的气体对流换热变化情况,搭建了一个提供不同气压和环境温度的实验舱,开展了在不同压力(0.1 Pa、0.1 k Pa、0.2 k Pa、0.5 k Pa、1 k Pa、10 k Pa、50 k Pa和常压)与几种加热量(75、150、300 W/m~2)组合条件下的水平平板换热实验研究。通过对辐射换热和自然对流换热的比较,得到不同压力下气体的对流换热系数。结果表明:对流换热系数在环境气体压力小于1 k Pa时非常小,而在1 k Pa以上时才较大;在大于1 k Pa时,对流换热系数随压力的升高呈二次方增加。     

单片机控制的交换机多路自动接续技术

本文介绍了一种用ＭＣＳ－５１单片机控制的交换机多路外线自动接续装置。该装置利用了原交换机的部份资源，简化接续手续，而且对原交换机无影响，避免了入网引起的一系列问题。文中较详细地说明了本装置的设计原理、实现方法，并给出了有关硬件原理图及软件程序框图。     

扰流柱分布对层板流阻和换热性能的影响

研究了层板内部扰流柱排列形式对层板结构流阻和换热性能的影响。在相同的两侧换热条件和进口流量条件下,对孔径、通道高度、开孔率和填充比相同,扰流柱均为圆柱形,出气孔均倾斜30°,扰流柱个数和排列形式不一样的6种模型进行了流固耦合计算,得到了6种模型的流阻和换热特性。结果表明,对于流阻而言,在等填充比条件下,同种排列形式的层板结构,扰流柱越靠近出气孔,层板出气流阻越小;扰流柱的个数越少,腔内流阻越小。对于换热而言,在等填充比条件下,扰流柱个数越多,换热效果越好;扰流柱排列方式的变化,会改变气流流动结构,在一定程度上改变了层板换热性能。     

航天国防科技报告的编写与检索利用

阐述了航天国防科技报告的基本概念和撰写航天国防科技报告的意义,介绍了航天国防科技报告的编写规则与撰写中常遇到的问题,最后论述了航天国防科技报告交流使用的意义。     

新型六元环磺化聚酰亚胺膜的制备

通过一步高温聚合法制备了一系列含有噁唑环的磺化聚酰亚胺(SPI-X),通过改变磺化二胺与非磺化二胺的比例来控制SPI的磺化程度。采用FT-IR、1HNMR和TG-DSC对合成的单体及聚合物进行了表征。研究了SPI-X膜的稳定性、吸水率、溶胀率及其质子导电性能,并与Nafion(117膜进行比较。结果表明,SPI的磺酸基团分解温度达到270℃,溶胀率则表现出明显的各向异性。SPI-25膜室温下的电导率可达6.0×10-3S/cm,接近相同条件下的Nafion(117膜的质子电导率(9.8×10-3S/cm)。     

A new stationary droplet evaporation model and its validation

The liquid droplet evaporation character is important for not only combustion chamber design process but also high-accuracy spray combustion simulation.In this paper,the suspended droplets' evaporation character was measured in a quiescent high-temperature environment by micro high-speed camera system.The gasoline and kerosene experimental results are consistent with the reference data.Methanol,common kerosene and aviation kerosene droplet evaporation characteristics,as well as their evaporation rate changing with temperature,were obtained.The evaporation rate experimental data were compared with the prediction result of Ranz-Marshall boiling temperature model (RMB),Ranz-Marshall low-temperature model (RML),drift flux model (DFM),mass analogy model (MAM),and stagnant film model (SFM).The disparity between the experimental data and the model prediction results was mainly caused by the neglect of the nat ural convection effect,which was never introduced into the droplet evaporation concept.A new droplet evaporation model with consideration of natural convection buoyancy force effect was proposed in this paper.Under the experimental conditions in this paper,the calculation results of the new droplet evaporation model were agreed with the experimental data for kerosene,methanol and other fuels,with less than 20％ relative deviations.The relative deviations between the new evaporation model predictions for kerosene and the experimental data from the references were within 10％.     

Solitary and periodic waves in magneto–rotating plasmas: Effect of the Kappa–Cairns distributed electrons

The nonlinear propagation of ion–acoustic (IA) waves in a magneto–rotating plasma is studied by considering the Kappa-Cairns electron distribution. Employing the perturbation scheme, Korteweg–de Vries equation is derived. It is seen that both positive and negative potential solitons can be supported in the present plasma model. The numerical results reveal that the Kappa-Cairns distributed electrons modify features of the electrostatic waves significantly. The effects of non–thermal parameters, plasma rotation frequency, ion temperature, and the wave propagation angle on electrostatic solitary wave structures are also discussed here. It is found that the plasma parameters considerably influence the propagation of IA waves in rotating plasmas. Furthermore, using the bifurcation theory of planar dynamical systems to the K-dV equation, we have presented the existence of solitary and periodic traveling waves. Our study may be helpful to understand the behavior of ion–acoustic wave in the rotating plasma.     

空间在轨环境下的30 cm离子推力器三栅极组件间距变化仿真分析

采用有限元仿真(FEM)与地面热平衡试验验证相结合的方法，计算并模拟了30 cm离子推力器处于在轨环境时，有、无主动热控对三栅极相对位移变化造成的影响，并对目前离子推力器设置的工作启动流程可能造成的打火风险进行了预估。结果显示：三栅极组件的热形变方向均为法向方向，且栅极中心区域的间距最小；在 -269 ℃ 在轨极限环境温度下，推力器在5 kW工作模式下温度平衡后的屏栅与加速栅最大热态间距为0.14 mm，加速栅和减速栅则已发生贴合；在受太阳辐照以及卫星帆板恒温边界的影响下，栅面最低初始温度为-102 ℃；当推力器主动热控保证温控点为20 ℃时，栅面最低启动温度为-25 ℃，且推力器工作8000 s后，屏栅与加速栅、加速栅与减速栅的最小间距分别稳定在0.25 mm和0.20 mm；当推力器主动热控保证温控点为50 ℃时，推力器工作9000 s后，屏栅与加速栅、加速栅和减速栅最小间距分别稳定在0.31 mm和0.30 mm，能够满足0.25 mm的栅极安全打火间距要求。     

离子色谱法测定标准物质DIANP中的无机阴离子

采用离子色谱法对DIANP中无机阴离子NO2-,N3-,NO3-,CO32-,SO42-进行测定。乙腈溶解DI-ANP后,加水萃取无机离子,通过On GuardⅡRP柱,去除DIANP或其分解的有机产物,用氢氧化钾溶液为淋洗液梯度洗脱,流速为1.0mL/min,采用IonPac AS11-HC阴离子色谱柱进行分析。测定结果,5种阴离子相关系数达到0.999以上,相对标准偏差为1.57%～4.30%,NO2-,N3-,NO3-,SO24-加标平均回收率为89.3%～98.6%。该方法简便、快速,且结果满意。