固体火箭发动机体空间缺陷精确定位方法

在固体火箭发动机体数据三维重构的基础上,构建出符合脱黏、气泡和夹渣体数据特征的三维相似变换模板,经三维相似变换后,定位出各类缺陷的体数据场位置,选取缺陷几何中心为缺陷精确定位的标志点,给出了体空间中缺陷几何中心的计算方法.设计制作了预置典型缺陷的模拟固体火箭发动机,测量得到的缺陷几何中心和实际几何中心的距离与最大直径的比值都不大于10%,即测量得到的几何中心与实际几何中心很接近,因此对缺陷几何中心的定位是准确的.      

退火温度对高纯钨靶显微组织和内应力的影响

采用热等静压工艺制备了高纯钨靶,并在不同温度下对其进行退火处理。采用金相显微镜、TEM、XRD和硬度计对不同温度退火的高纯钨靶的显微组织和内应力进行表征。结果表明:高纯钨靶经1200℃真空退火后,保留了热等静压后的细晶组织,晶粒未发生长大,但是位错密度却大幅度减小,晶格畸变率下降,硬度值降低,这是由于退火处理使热等静压高纯钨靶发生回复,内应力得以释放。当退火温度低于1200℃时,钨靶的内应力去除不完全,当退火温度高于1 200℃时钨靶的晶粒开始长大,故热等静压高纯钨靶的最佳退火温度是1 200℃。     

An internal power angle control strategy for high-speed sensorless brushless DC motors

High-speed Brushless DC Motors(BLDCMs) usually adopt a sensorless control strategy and operate in three-phase six-state drive mode. However, the sampling errors of the rotor position and the driving method increase the Internal Power Angle(IPA), resulting in a decrease in the efficiency of the system. Conventional IPA reduction strategies are either sensitive to motor parameters, or ignore diode freewheeling during the commutation process, or require additional current sensors. In this paper, a ...     

BDS-3 PPP模糊度固定实现及精度评估

精密单点定位(PPP)模糊度固定(AR)能够显著提升精密定位的收敛速度和精度。通过在BDS-2和BDS-3之间添加系统间偏差的方法实现BDS-3的模糊度固定,并基于全球MGEX测站静态、仿动态数据和车载实验数据全面评估了BDS-3模糊度固定的效果。结果表明,相对于浮点解,BDS-3 PPP模糊度固定能够显著提升PPP的精度,在东北天3个方向上静态解算精度提升依次为37.4%、26.2%和20.1%;仿动态解算精度提升依次为38.3%、27.2%和11.1%;车载动态实验BDS-3模糊度固定精度在三维方向上综合提升为40.4%。此外,模糊度固定后,以浮点解稳定后的两倍定位精度为基准,在东北天方向上,静态定位时间提升程度依次为63.5%、64.0%和40.3%;仿动态定位时间提升程度依次为58.7%、56.8%和25.4%;车载实验在三维方向的收敛时间为30.0 min。以上结果证明了所提方法的有效性及BDS-3模糊度固定的性能提升。     

液体火箭发动机端面密封用石墨材料内部缺陷检测工艺方法

介绍了石墨材料的制造工艺和缺陷类型,并结合液体火箭发动机端面密封的工作特性,阐明了端面密封用石墨材料内部缺陷检测的必要性。对目前通用的无损检测方法进行了对比分析,确定了适用于液体火箭发动机端面密封用石墨材料内部缺陷的X射线检测方法,并对X射线检测过程中图像灰度、对比度、电压、电流、滤片及积分时间等关键工艺参数的影响因素进行了对比分析,确定了石墨材料内部缺陷检测的工艺参数设置准则及高精度检测方法,实现了石墨材料内部孔隙的可视化仿真分析,并提出了一种基于图像处理的石墨材料气孔率统计计算方法,最终建立了液体火箭发动机端面密封用石墨材料内部典型缺陷的特征标样。     

亚表面缺陷脉冲相位热成像检测技术

对脉冲相位热成像技术应用于亚表面缺陷的检测进行了实验研究,给出了铝合金和聚合物两种典型的金属和非金属试件的检测结果,并同传统红外热成像检测的对比度图像进行了对比。还对脉冲相位热成像检测技术中频谱分析的有关问题进行了分析,指出选择采集频率、采集窗口大小要考虑的影响因素,并分别采用组合平滑滤波、分段拟合的方法改善了相位变换的实际效果。结果表明脉冲相位辐射测量技术与一般光热辐射测量相比,测量结果明显改善,增强探测缺陷特别是深度缺陷的能力,减小加热不均等表面因素对测量的影响。     

固体火箭发动机装药缺陷失效判定研究的发展和展望

阐述了近年来固体火箭发动机装药缺陷失效判定研究的一些进展,目前世界各国还未发现统一而完善的缺陷失效判定方法。根据最近相关领域新技术的出现与军事斗争的需要,展望了这一研究领域未来的发展趋势。     

Software defect prevention based on human error theories

Software defect prevention is an important way to reduce the defect introduction rate.As the primary cause of software defects,human error can be the key to understanding and preventing software defects.This paper proposes a defect prevention approach based on human error mechanisms:DPeHE.The approach includes both knowledge and regulation training in human error prevention.Knowledge training provides programmers with explicit knowledge on why programmers commit errors,what kinds of errors tend to be committed under different circumstances,and how these errors can be prevented.Regulation training further helps programmers to promote the awareness and ability to prevent human errors through practice.The practice is facilitated by a problem solving checklist and a root cause identification checklist.This paper provides a systematic framework that integrates knowledge across disciplines,e.g.,cognitive science,software psychology and software engineering to defend against human errors in software development.Furthermore,we applied this approach in an international company at CMM Level 5 and a software development institution at CMM Level 1 in the Chinese Aviation Industry.The application cases show that the approach is feasible and effective in promoting developers' ability to prevent software defects,inde pendent of process maturity levels.     

Start-up current adaptive control for sensorless high-speed brushless DC motors based on inverse system method and internal mode controller

The start-up current control of the high-speed brushless DC (HS-BLDC) motor is a chal-lenging research topic. To effectively control the start-up current of the sensorless HS-BLDC motor, an adaptive control method is proposed based on the adaptive neural network (ANN) inverse system and the two degrees of freedom (2-DOF) internal model controller (IMC). The HS-BLDC motor is identified by the online least squares support vector machine (OLS-SVM) algo-rithm to regulate the ANN inverse controller parameters in real time. A pseudo linear system is developed by introducing the constructed real-time inverse system into the original HS-BLDC motor system. Based on the characteristics of the pseudo linear system, an extra closed-loop feed-back control strategy based on the 2-DOF IMC is proposed to improve the transient response per-formance and enhance the stability of the control system. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed control method is effective and perfect start-up current tracking perfor-mance is achieved.     

民机维修性设计缺陷分类探讨及案例分析

提出了现役民用飞机存在的维修性设计缺陷的分类范畴，对各类维修性设计缺陷进行了界定，并结合实际运营机型的部分维修性设计缺陷案例进行了分析。