三维侧面突扩燃烧室冷态气流场的数值模拟

本文对四侧30°进气并带有进气管道和尾喷口的突扩燃烧室冷态气流场进行了数值模拟.对这种复杂非规则边界的计算区域,首次采用分段算法进行计算.结果表明:分段算法可以提高网络利用率,缩短机时,消除虚假扩散,提高计算准确度,计算结果与试验结果基本符合.     

Electrochemical trepanning with uniform electrolyte flow around the entire blade profile

In the traditional machining process for diffusers, blades are easily deformed, and methods suffer from high tool wear and low efficiency. Electrochemical machining(ECM) possesses unique advantages when applied to these difficult-to-machine materials. In the ECM process, theflow field plays a crucial role. Here, an electrolyte flow mode that supplies uniform flow around the entire blade profile was adopted for electrochemical trepanning of diffusers. Various flow rates were employed to obtain the optimal flow field. Simulations were conducted using ANSYS software, and results indicated that increasing the flow rate substantially afforded a more uniform flowfield. A series of experiments was then performed, and results revealed that increasing the flow rate greatly improved both the machining efficiency and the surface quality of the diffusers. The maximum feeding rate of the cathode reached 4 mm/min, the blade taper of the concave part decreased to 0.02, and the blade roughness was reduced to 1.216 lm. The results of this study demonstrated the high feasibility of this method and its potential for machining other complex components for engineering applications.     

Aerodynamic performance enhancement for flapping airfoils by co-flow jet

Introducing active flow control into the design of flapping wing is an effective way to enhance its aerodynamic performance. In this paper, a novel active flow control technology called Co-Flow Jet (CFJ) is applied to flapping airfoils. The effect of CFJ on aerodynamic performance of flapping airfoils at low Reynolds number is numerically investigated using Unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes (URANS) simulation with Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model. Numerical methods are validated by a NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil case and a S809 pitching airfoil case. Then NACA6415 baseline airfoil and NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil with jet-off and jet-on are simulated in flapping motion, with Reynolds number 70,000 and reduced frequency 0.2. As a result, CFJ airfoils with jet-on generally have better lift and thrust characteristics than baseline airfoils and jet-off airfoil when C_μ is greater than 0.04, which results from the CFJ effect of reducing flow separation by injecting high-energy fluid into boundary layer. Besides, typical kinematic and geometric parameters, including the reduced frequency and the positions of the suction and injection slot, are systematically studied to figure out their influence on aerodynamic performance of the CFJ airfoil. And a variable C_μ jet control strategy is proposed to further improve effective propulsive efficiency. Compared with using constant C_μ, an increase of effective propulsive efficiency by 22.6% has been achieved by using prescribed variable C_μ for NACA6415-based CFJ airfoil at frequency 0.2. This study may provide some guidance to performance enhancement for Flapping wing Micro Air Vehicles (FMAV).     

Experimental study on plasma jet deflection and energy extraction with MHD control

This paper presents an integrated research scheme for vector deflection and energy extraction in a gas plasma jet under Magneto-Hydrodynamic (MHD) control. A MHD-controlled thrust-vector test rig was used to conduct the experimental research. A gas plasma was obtained by injecting ionization seeds of Cs₂CO₃ into the combustion chamber via artificially forced ionization. The effects of the gas temperature and ionization seed mass fraction on the plasma jet deflection and energy extraction were experimentally verified under an applied magnetic field. The experimental results were analyzed theoretically. The results showed that the deflection amplitude of the gas plasma jet and the extracted voltage signal intensity increased with increasing gas temperature and the ionization seed mass fraction. The extracted dynamic voltage signals proved that the ionization seeds of Cs₂CO₃ induced gas ionization at 1173 K. The experiment verified that it is feasible to simultaneously achieve jet deflection and extract energy under the action of an external magnetic field.     

导风轮叶片偏置对高压比串列离心压气机性能的影响

为提升高压比串列离心压气机的性能,借鉴常规一体化离心叶轮中偏置分流叶片的方法,针对某高压比串列离心压气机,应用数值仿真手段分析了串列叶轮中导风轮叶片周向偏置对压气机流场和性能的影响。通过对不同导风轮叶片偏置方案下压气机流场的分析,建立了压气机流动损失与偏置参数的关联性。研究表明:采用较大的偏置参数γ可降低导风轮叶片1前缘的激波强度,改善激波作用导致的泄漏涡破碎和流动分离,但过大或过小的γ方案中导风轮叶顶会出现二次泄漏致使低能流体的掺混损失增加;γ=65%方案压气机综合性能最佳,其压比和效率较γ=50%分别提高了1.5%和1.4%;对于串列离心压气机导风轮叶片周向位置的优化,在避免导风轮叶顶形成较强二次泄漏的前提下,应考虑采用较大的偏置参数γ,同时应防止诱导轮尾迹流体参与导风轮的叶顶泄漏。     

Sensitivity analysis of flowfield modeling parameters upon the flow structure and aerodynamics of an opposing jet over a hypersonic blunt body

Implementation of an opposing jet in design of a hypersonic blunt body significantly modifies the external flowfield and yields a considerable reduction in the aerodynamic drag. This study aims to investigate the effects of flowfield modeling parameters of injection and freestream on the flow structure and aerodynamics of a blunt body with an opposing jet in hypersonic flow. Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with a Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model are employed to simulate the intricate jet flow interaction. Through utilizing a Non-Intrusive Polynomial Chaos (NIPC) method to construct surrogates, a functional relation is established between input modeling parameters and output flowfield and aerodynamic quantities in concern. Sobol indices in sensitivity analysis are introduced to represent the relative contribution of each parameter. It is found that variations in modeling parameters produce large variations in the flow structure and aerodynamics. The jet-to-freestream total-pressure ratio, jet Mach number, and freestream Mach number are the major contributors to variation in surface pressure, demonstrating an evident location-dependent behavior. The penetration length of injection, reattachment angle of the shear layer, and aerodynamic drag are also most sensitive to the three crucial parameters above. In comparison, the contributions of freestream temperature, freestream density, and jet total temperature are nearly negligible.     

跨介质航行器波浪环境入水流场演变和运动特性研究

跨介质航行器是一种既可以在空中飞行又可以在水下潜航的新概念航行器,基于仿生学原理,提出一种通过改变外形实现水空介质跨越的航行器模型,通过入水试验装置和计算流体动力学方法,对航行器带攻角从空气到水的介质跨越过程进行了试验和数值仿真研究,得到了跨介质入水过程航行器的运动姿态和入水空泡形态,并通过数值仿真得到了航行器的升力、阻力、速度和加速度演化规律。同时基于数值模拟方法对有波浪情况和静水情况下航行器入水过程空泡演变以及运动特性进行对比。结果表明:提出的航行器构型在水中具有较好的姿态调整能力,波浪的有无和波高的不同都会对航行体入水运动特性造成影响。     

A CFD-based numerical virtual flight simulator and its application in control law design of a maneuverable missile model

A CFD-based Numerical Virtual Flight (NVF) simulator is presented, which integrates an unsteady flow solver on moving hybrid grids, a Rigid-Body Dynamics (RBD) solver and a module of the Flight Control System (FCS). A technique of dynamic hybrid grids is developed to control the active control surfaces with body morphing, with a technique of parallel unstructured dynamic overlapping grids generating proper moving grids over the deflecting control surfaces (e.g. the afterbody rudders of a missile). For the flow/kinematic coupled problems, the 6 Degree-Of-Freedom (DOF) equations are solved by an explicit or implicit method coupled with the URANS CFD solver. The module of the control law is explicitly coupled into the NVF simulator and then improved by the simulation of the pitching maneuver process of a maneuverable missile model. A nonlinear dynamic inversion method is then implemented to design the control law for the pitching process of the maneuverable missile model. Simulations and analysis of the pitching maneuver process are carried out by the NVF simulator to improve the flight control law. Higher control response performance is obtained by adjusting the gain factors and adding an integrator into the control loop.     

凹腔双驻涡稳焰冷态流场初步研究

驻涡燃烧室凹腔内流场对其燃烧性能有重要的影响,为了找出凹腔流场的特性,使用数值和实验两种手段对凹腔内双驻涡稳焰冷态流场进行了初步研究。研究结果表明:在主流速度和凹腔前壁面吹气速度一定的情况下存在一个最佳的后壁面吹气速度使得凹腔内的流场稳定,以满足先进燃烧室所期望的条件。研究成果初步确定了凹腔双驻涡稳焰冷态流场特征,并为开展热态研究打下基础。     

超燃冲压发动机燃烧室冷态流场研究

利用西北工业大学电阻加热超声速燃烧室直连式实验设备,针对自行设计的超声速燃烧室模型,在燃烧室入口马赫数Ma=2.0、入口流量m=0.73～1.0kg/s、入口总压p_t≈(7～8)×105Pa、入口总温T_t为室温条件下,开展了不同燃烧室进口流量、隔离段长高比以及燃烧室出口堵塞比情况下的燃烧室冷流实验;采用CFD商用软件对燃烧室冷流流场进行了数值模拟,并将计算结果与实验数据进行了对比和分析.研究结果表明,增加隔离段的长高比,可以提高燃烧室抗反压的能力,燃烧室出口压力场的畸变对燃烧室内部流场有较大的影响,同时通过计算结果与实验数据的对比验证了计算方法的适用性.