A multiple-CubeSat constellation for integrated earth observation and marine/air traffic monitoring

CubeSats has evolved from purely educational tools, to useful platforms for technology demonstration and many practical applications. This paper reviews a CubeSat constellation mission involving 3 CubeSats launched into orbit on Sep. 25th 2015, aiming to demonstrate the integrated application of low-cost CubeSat technologies with distributed payloads using a group of satellites, as well as to demonstrate several new technologies. The mission scenario, the satellite system design, the innovative technologies and instruments or devices used on the CubeSats and the in-orbit experimental results and the payload data analysis, as well as some experiences and lessons learned, are presented and summaried.     

基于修正面元法的机翼焦点位置变化研究

针对静气动弹性问题中机翼焦点位置求解精度与效率的矛盾,提出采用分段斜率修正面元法来计算气动力,该方法以刚体机翼在不同迎角下的CFD数据作为修正基础,对弹性变形后的机翼下洗采用分段修正,克服了传统面元法无法考虑非线性因素的缺点。通过M6机翼气动焦点位置的计算表明:相对于CFD方法,该方法保持了较高的准确度并且计算效率较高;相对于传统面元法,该方法能够准确地计算焦点位置和弹性机翼焦点位置变化量,适用于工程设计。     

An integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach to analyze human factors in aviation accidents

Human factors are critical causes of modern aviation accidents. However, existing accident analysis methods encounter limitations in addressing aviation human factors, especially in complex accident scenarios. The existing graphic approaches are effective for describing accident mechanisms within various categories of human factors, but cannot simultaneously describe inadequate human–aircraft–environment interactions and organizational deficiencies effectively, and highly depend on analysts' skills and experiences. Moreover, the existing methods do not emphasize latent unsafe factors outside accidents. This paper focuses on the above three limitations and proposes an integrated graphic–taxonomic–associative approach. A new graphic model named accident tree(AcciTree), with a two-mode structure and a reaction-based concept, is developed for accident modeling and safety defense identification. The AcciTree model is then integrated with the well-established human factors analysis and classification system(HFACS) to enhance both reliability of the graphic part and logicality of the taxonomic part for improving completeness of analysis. An associative hazard analysis technique is further put forward to extend analysis to factors outside accidents, to form extended safety requirements for proactive accident prevention. Two crash examples, a research flight demonstrator by our team and an industrial unmanned aircraft, illustrate that the integrated approach is effective for identifying more unsafe factors and safety requirements.     

语音识别技术应用于航空控制系统

介绍了语音识别技术基本原理及在航空控制领域的应用。     

印制电路板设计与工艺的技术探讨

印制电路板的设计与装配焊接是电子产品开发和制造的重要环节。本文从印制电路板总体设计方案的构思、结构尺寸的确定、元器件及导线的布局、虚焊的目测和预防等方面进行了深入探讨。     

带热障涂层钛合金的蠕变性能

以提高钛合金的抗蠕变性能为目的,在TA32钛合金基体上制备由NiCrAlY黏接层(BC)与氧化钇稳定二氧化锆陶瓷层(TC)组成的热障涂层(TBCs),对带TBCs钛合金抗蠕变性能进行实验与数值模拟研究。结果表明:TA32与TBCs的蠕变速率相差较大,在高温拉伸时TC会对BC和基体的蠕变变形产生明显的约束效应,且TBCs中BC承受的轴向拉伸应力较大。在400 ℃和600 ℃实验温度下,TBCs可将TA32的抗蠕变性能分别提升56%与175%,但当实验温度达到600 ℃、拉伸应力达到200 MPa时,TC发生了严重的开裂与剥落。     

复合材料加筋板结构优化设计的并行子空间法*

为对复合材料加筋板结构进行布局优化设计,提出并行子空间优化方法。该方法将整个优化问题分为筋条布局优化、筋条尺寸优化和铺层厚度优化三个并行的子空间优化问题,分别以筋条型式、数量、尺寸和铺层厚度为设计变量;每个子问题都独立进行优化计算,优化后将所有结果综合协调,更新设计变量值并重复整个优化过程,直到满足收敛条件。通过三个典型算例验证,结果表明该方法不仅合理而且有很好的优化效果。     

Integration of GPS and low cost INS for pedestrian navigation aided by building layout

In outdoor environments, GPS is often used for pedestrian navigation by utilizing its signals for position computation, but in indoor or semi-obstructed environments, GPS signals are often unavailable. Therefore, pedestrian navigation for these environments should be realized by the integration of GPS and inertial navigation system （INS）. However, the lowcost INS could induce errors that may result in a large position drift. The problem can be minimized by mounting the sensors on the pedestrian＇s foot, using zero velocity update （ZUPT） method with the standard navigation algorithm to restrict the error growth. However, heading drift still remains despite using ZUPT measurements since the heading error is unobservable. Also, tbot mounted INS suffers from the initialization ambiguity of position and heading from GPS. In this paper, a novel algorithm is developed to mitigate the heading drift problem when using ZUPT. The method uses building lay- out to aid the heading measurement in Kalman filter, and it could also be combined for the initial- ization. The algorithm has been investigated with real field trials using the low cost Microstrain 3DM-GX3-25 inertial sensor, a Leica GS10 GPS receiver and a uBlox EVK-6T GPS receiver. It could be concluded that the proposed method offers a significant improvement in position accuracy for the long period, allowing pedestrian navigation for nearly40 min with mean position error less than 2.8 m. This method also has a considerable effect on the accuracy of the initialization.     

新舟600飞机综合航电系统特点及跨机型比较

新舟600(以下简称MA600)是中航西飞公司生产的新一代涡桨支线客机。它采用了较为先进的Proline21综合航电系统,该系统和民航飞行学院运行的CJ1和CJ1+机型采用了同样的航电平台,但同时具有其独特性。本文分析了MA600飞机的构型特点及其与奖状机型的异同点,有助于机务维修人员掌握新机型系统构型特点,以便更好地进行飞机维护。     

空间相机隔振与姿态控制一体化设计

为了解决星上微振动导致高分辨率遥感卫星图像质量下降的问题,研究了空间相机隔振措施及其带来的异位控制问题,提出了同时采取相机隔振与控制规律修改措施的一体化设计方法,实现了隔振性能与姿态控制性能兼备的系统方案。对算例的研究结果表明,采用相机隔振-姿态控制一体化设计方法可以在保证姿态控制性能的同时大幅降低曝光时间内空间相机的视线抖动量。