The management of stray radiation issues in space optical systems

The performance of infrared and submillimeter systems can be severely degraded by stray light. Stray light includes off-axis radiation, system diffraction and scattering effects, and thermal self-emission. The purpose of this paper is to identify several keys to preventing system degradation due to stray radiation. The first key is to apply stray light design rules and analysis techniques early in the program before the design is finalized. A systems level analysis using stray light analysis software is often necessary in order to identify more subtle problems and to assess the magnitude of their effect on system performance. Another key is to address contamination control and the choice of surface coatings early in the program. The management of stray radiation issues is extremely cost-effective, if begun early in the program, and can reduce later schedule hardships.     

Recent advancements in the EST project

The European Solar Telescope (EST) is a project of a new-generation solar telescope. It has a large aperture of 4?m, which is necessary for achieving high spatial and temporal resolution. The high polarimetric sensitivity of the EST will allow to measure the magnetic field in the solar atmosphere with unprecedented precision. Here, we summarise the recent advancements in the realisation of the EST project regarding the hardware development and the refinement of the science requirements.     

舰船摇摆条件下固体火箭发动机舰载寿命预估

为了预估长期远航舰艇的导弹固体火箭发动机舰载寿命,分析了各种海况下舰船摇摆运动对发动机装药形成的载荷;在对发动机装药应力一应变计算的基础上,利用基于耗散能的装药累积损伤理论,提出了在不同海域执行任务的舰载导弹尚体火箭发动机舰载寿命的评估方法.     

船舶曲面分段制造关键技术

曲面分段制造是船体建造过程中的一个非常重要的环节,主要包括零部件配送、胎架制造、曲面分段快速成组及精度控制等多个工序。突破船舶曲面分段制造关键技术,是实现曲面分段制造模式升级换代,推动船舶曲面分段的建造效率和能力进一步提升的关键所在。     

一种基于SAR图像鉴别的港口区域舰船目标新方法

鉴于遥感卫星动态监视港口内舰船的需要,提出了一种SAR图像港口内舰船鉴别方法。针对港口内舰船目标散射特性,首先进行舰船目标鉴别特征的提取,包括已有鉴别特征的提取和新特征的提取;其次,在特征选择阶段,利用特征对目标与杂波的可分离性度量优选出鉴别效果明显的有效特征,并得到最大分离性对应的最优特征向量权重;最后,为了提高鉴别器的精度,设计了加权最小距离分类器。试验结果表明了所提方法的有效性。     

液化天然气船舶动力系统加速性能优化策略研究

目的 针对船舶天然气发动机匹配定距桨直接推进加速速率慢动态性能差的缺陷，提出了一种系统级优化方案，设计并联型式气电混合动力系统，通过轴带电机辅助推进优化系统的加速性能。方法 建立船舶气电混合动力系统仿真模型，根据试验数据对LNG发动机的加速性能进行数据标定保证模型动态精度，以仿真手段分别验证混合动力系统使用变频器动态切换策略和变频器超前控制策略的加速优化效果。结果 综合考虑实际工程控制难度和加速过程优化效果，变频器动态切换策略优于变频器超前控制策略。结论 气电混合动力系统PTI模式使用变频器切换控制策略可达到较好的加速性能，在降低主机机械负荷和热力负荷的同时船舶快速性最大提升16%。PTO模式加速时轴带发电机负载转移至船舶辅机，稳定一段时间后切换至电动模式助推，加速性能可达到PTI模式加速水平。     

测量船多设备外测数据的融合算法

为了进一步提高航天测量船外弹道数据处理的精度,须根据不同的任务特点和要求选用合适的数据处理方法。针对测量船精度校飞时多设备同时跟踪飞行目标的工程背景,提出多设备外弹道数据融合处理的构思,根据数据融合的原理阐述了数据融合技术在精度校飞数据处理中的应用,给出目标位置融合的几种算法,并用加权最小二乘数据融合算法对实测数据进行处理。工程应用结果表明：本文提出的数据融合方法计算量少、精度高,适合工程应用。     

Highlights of the Brazilian Solar Spectroscope

The digital, decimetric (950–2500 MHz) Brazilian Solar Spectroscope (BSS, Sawant, H.S., Subramanian, K.R., Faria, C., et al. Brazilian Solar Spectroscope (BSS). Solar Phys. 200, 167–176, 2001) with high time (10–1000 ms) and frequency (1–10 MHz) resolution is in regular operation since April, 1998, at the National Space Research Institute (INPE) at São José dos Campos, Brazil. The BSS has now been upgraded with a new digital data acquisition and data processing system. The new version of the BSS has improved the observational possibilities with the capability to record up to 200 frequency channels available in the selectable frequency range 950–2500 MHz. The GPS receiver permits the acquisition of data with time accuracy in the order of 0.1 ms. The software system of the BSS is composed by two distinct modules: the first, data acquisition system provides a flexible Graphical User Interface (GUI) that allows one to choose the observational parameters. The second module is the real time visualization system that permits real time visualization of the observed dynamic spectrum and additionally allows procedures for visualization and preliminary analysis of the recorded solar spectra. Using the new visualization system, we have realized two new types of dm-radio fine structures: narrow band type III bursts with positive as well as negative group frequency drift and dots emissions arranged in zebra-like and fiber-like chains. Furthermore, we have found flare generated fast wave trains according to their tadpole signature in wavelet power spectra for a decimetric type IV radio event (June 6, 2000 flare).     

船舶仪表现场计量保障问题研究

分析了计量工作重要性和船舶仪表现场计量保障工作面临的问题,阐释了船舶论证研制阶段开展对船舶仪表现场计量保障的依据及论证设计思路,重点分析了国内船舶靠泊港口的环境条件,阐述了压力仪表原位测试的可行性、原位检测设计方案和实施效果。     

A Novel Ship Wake Detection Algorithm Based on WTHT and Radon Transform

This paper proposes a novel ship wake detection algorithm based on the White Top-hat Transform (WTHT) and the Radon transform, which aims to improve the contrast between the ship wake and the background so as to improve the detection performance on Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images. The proposed algorithm includes two major processes, and one is to improve the contrast and another one is to locate the ship wake. In high sea state conditions, the contrast of ship wake and background can be very low, which makes it difficult to detect. In the first step, the proposed contrast improvement algorithm is applied to improving the contrast which helps for improving the detection performance. An attribute filter based on edge detection result is adopted here. In the second step the contrast improved image is transformed into the Radon domain followed by peak extraction process to find the wake, the WTHT is used once more in this step. Finally, in the last step, the wake is overlapped on the original image. Experimental results on Tiangong-2 Interferometric Imaging Radar Altimeter (InIRA) images are presented and compared with that obtained by using the classical algorithm, and in this way, the better performance of our algorithm is demonstrated.