磁悬浮反作用飞轮剩磁矩分析与补偿方法研究

为对磁悬浮反作用飞轮的剩磁矩(RMM)进行分析及最小化设计,提出一种基于等效磁偶极子模型的剩磁矩计算方法.利用有限元仿真空间磁场分布,通过选取3个特征平面的磁场反推得到剩磁矩.对不同工作状态下飞轮样机剩磁矩的大小及变化范围进行了分析,并在此基础上给出了磁悬浮反作用飞轮剩磁矩优化设计方法及补偿方法.分析结果表明.通过磁轴...     

月球车释放对着陆器稳定性的影响

因基于摇臂式月球车释放机构在月球车释放时对着陆器的倾翻力矩较大,易使着陆器倾翻而导致整个探测任务失败,所以对月球车着陆释放时着陆器稳定性的研究尤为重要.将着陆器腿不等量压缩、月面坡度、低重力环境、释放加速度等因素进行参数化处理;应用D-H坐标法得到基于各参量的支撑多边形坐标以及着陆器和月球车的位姿方程,进而建立了月球车...     

Decentralized adaptive sliding mode control of a space robot actuated by control moment gyroscopes

An adaptive sliding mode control(ASMC) law is proposed in decentralized scheme for trajectory tracking control of a new concept space robot.Each joint of the system is a free ball joint capable of rotating with three degrees of freedom(DOF).A cluster of control moment gyroscopes(CMGs) is mounted on each link and the base to actuate the system.The modified Rodrigues parameters(MRPs) are employed to describe the angular displacements,and the equations of motion are derived using Kane's equations.The controller for each link or the base is designed separately in decentralized scheme.The unknown disturbances,inertia parameter uncertainties and nonlinear uncertainties are classified as a ‘‘lumped" matched uncertainty with unknown upper bound,and a continuous sliding mode control(SMC) law is proposed,in which the control gain is tuned by the improved adaptation laws for the upper bound on norm of the uncertainty.A general amplification function is designed and incorporated in the adaptation laws to reduce the control error without conspicuously increasing the magnitude of the control input.Uniformly ultimate boundedness of the closed loop system is proved by Lyapunov's method.Simulation results based on a three-link system verify the effectiveness of the proposed controller.     

关于刚体定轴转动中力矩作功的推导商榷

关于《大学物理》的教材，刚体定轴转动力矩作功的公式推导多有不明确和值得探讨的问题，如推导中的依据是什么、刚体与质点的区别在哪里，内力起什么作用，怎样与转动的动能定理相自洽。本文就以上问题谈谈自己的看法。     

带阻力元铰链力矩四分力天平研制

介绍了带阻力元铰链力矩天平研制的情况。实验证明,用两台带阻力元的铰链力矩天平同时测量导弹左、右舵面气动载荷是成功的,天平研制也是成功的。     

用弯剪法计算两向正交正放平板网架各杆内力

本文在节点法和截面法的基础上，将两者融为一体，为计算两向正交正放平板网架各杆内力，提供了一种新颖方法，称其为弯剪法，文中引用了实例，结果与其它方法完全一致，并符合实际，这就证实了本法的有效性和可靠性，有一定的参考价值。     

高超声速飞行器前体/进气道参数重要性测度

针对机体推进高度一体化的吸气式高超声速飞行器前体/进气道相关参数对其性能指标的独立和交互作用问题,基于回归模型和二阶混合中心矩理论,以总压恢复系数为性能指标,提出了参数重要性测度新方法。设计了二维混压楔形前体/进气道变几何构型方案并给出重要性测度模型,定量和定性地对参数重要性进行了对比和分析。研究结果表明:前体/进气道相关参数间具有强的非线性作用,交互作用非常显著,独立作用可以忽略不计,且重要性测度模型易于扩展。     

Reliability analysis based on a novel density estimation method for structures with correlations

Estimating the Probability Density Function (PDF) of the performance function is a direct way for structural reliability analysis,and the failure probability can be easily obtained by integration in the failure domain.However,efficiently estimating the PDF is still an urgent problem to be solved.The existing fractional moment based maximum entropy has provided a very advanced method for the PDF estimation,whereas the main shortcoming is that it limits the application of the reliability analysis method only to structures with independent inputs.While in fact,structures with correlated inputs always exist in engineering,thus this paper improves the maximum entropy method,and applies the Unscented Transformation (UT) technique to compute the frac tional moments of the performance function for structures with correlations,which is a very efficient moment estimation method for models with any inputs.The proposed method can precisely estimate the probability distributions of performance functions for structures with correlations.Besides,the number of function evaluations of the proposed method in reliability analysis,which is determined by UT,is really small.Several examples are employed to illustrate the accuracy and advantages of the proposed method.     

螺旋桨旋转方向对飞机俯仰力矩特性的影响

为了找到一种改善低平尾涡桨飞机中小迎角下纵向静稳定度的方法，采用数值模拟手段研究了螺旋桨旋转方向对飞机俯仰力矩特性的影响。基于动态面搭接网格技术和非定常雷诺平均Navier-Stokes （URANS）方程，首先对某T尾双发涡桨飞机进行了计算，验证了方法的精度和可靠性，然后对同向旋转（CO）、对转-内侧上洗（CNIU）和对转-外侧上洗（CNOU）3种低平尾涡桨飞机构型开展了数值模拟，分析了各构型的俯仰力矩变化特点及流场细节。研究结果表明：对于常见的CO构型，在小迎角下由于平尾整体效率降低，飞机的俯仰力矩曲线斜率较无动力构型大幅度下降；在小迎角下，CO构型左侧平尾的效率几乎丧失，但右侧平尾却具有良好的效率；CO构型左右两侧平尾的效率呈现巨大差异的主要原因在于两侧平尾当地的下洗梯度不同；3个构型中，CNOU构型的俯仰力矩特性最差，CNIU构型在整个中小迎角范围内都能保持良好的俯仰力矩特性。     

基于离散伴随方程的三维雷达散射截面几何敏感度计算

针对有限差分法计算雷达散射截面（RCS）梯度效率低，采用高精度雷达散射截面评估时计算代价高的问题，提出了一种基于麦克斯韦积分方程离散伴随方程的RCS梯度高效计算方法。基于伴随方程的梯度计算可以通过一次雷达散射截面求解、一次伴随方程求解获得RCS关于所有设计变量的梯度。其中麦克斯韦积分方程离散伴随方程的形式与原方程基本一致，可以采用矩量法（MOM）及多层快速多极子算法（MLFMA）求解。伴随方程求解计算量与直接雷达散射截面评估基本一致，存储量在直接雷达散射截面评估的基础上增加不明显。通过双椎体模型、导弹模型对基于矩量法、多层快速多极子算法的伴随梯度进行验证，证明了基于伴随方法的RCS梯度计算可以实现复杂外形中RCS梯度的高效、高精度求解，为基于梯度的高精度气动/隐身一体化优化提供了基础。