无人机地面控制站通用化软件架构

通用化是无人机地面控制站的重要发展趋势.开展通用化软件架构研究,对于实现无人机地面控制站通用化至关重要.以指挥控制软件为例,结合其操作流程和功能,分析了通用化软件架构设计需求,提出了软件架构设计的流程和原则,给出了通用化软件架构设计的具体实现.     

某飞翼布局隐身飞行器的翼型优化

对某飞翼布局无人机的翼型进行考虑隐身迎角的气动、隐身综合优化研究。采用基于非均匀有理B样条曲线的自由变形方法实现翼型的参数化表达;无限插值动网格方法生成气动求解的计算网格;分别采用基于雷诺平均N—S方程求解的计算流体力学方法及物理光学法计算翼型的气动、隐身性能;选择多目标遗传算法进行综合寻优设计研究。优化翼型兼顾了气动与隐身的要求,其综合性能优于原翼型。结果表明,方法具有较好的实用性。     

直升机可靠性建模分配预计工作的经验教训

论述了直升机可靠性建模、分配、预计工作中存在的问题,分析了这些问题的原因,提出了相应的改进方法,其目的是提高直升机建模分配、预计的有效性,实现可靠性建模分配预计的目标.     

装备项目质量进度成本一体化监督方法研究

从项目管理中的三角关系,装备质量进度成本一体化监督模型的可操作性和监督结果的可信性等方面,分析了武器装备质量进度成本一体化监督需求,研究了装备项目一体化监督函数具有的依概率收敛、边际效益递减律和极值等条件,利用卡诺质量模型,以统计均衡分析方法为手段,阐述了项目管理一体化监督函数的生成及求解过程.结合装备研制过程,采用定性分析与定量计算相结合的方式,在大质量观的主导下,以直-8型直升机典型故障为实例,阐明了项目一体化监督函数的求解过程,开展了项目监督风险决策和风险预警工作.     

定子双绕组异步发电机的电磁优化设计

新型的基于静止励磁调节器控制的定子双绕组异步发电机系统适用于航空、坦克、舰船、汽车等独立电源系统。文章提出了变速变负载运行下的静止励磁调节器控制的双绕组异步发电机的优化设计策略,系统地讨论了带整流型负载的电机计算容量的确定方法,并以此针对一种应用于坦克电源的双绕组异步发电机进行了电磁优化设计。计算结果表明,该方法可以有效地降低控制绕组功率变换器的无功容量。     

技术成熟度评价方法及其在交会对接任务中的应用

介绍了技术成熟度等级和评价的概念,简述了技术成熟度评价在国外航天工程中的应用情况,提出了航天工程技术成熟度评价标准,包括开展技术成熟度评价的目的、技术成熟度的详细定义及其内涵,并以技术成熟度等级五级为例,给出了具有可操作性的评价细则以及实施要点,通过交会对接任务中运载火箭评价应用实例对技术成熟度评价的应用进行了说明。     

大型民用客机管制与监视系统验证与测试平台的构建

目的在于研发大型民用客机航路管制与监视系统验证与测试平台,以实现机地数据通信系统环境下的航路管制与监视信息的数据地面接收和处理;同时,依照现有的空管航路管制与监视功能的国际标准和相关区域的运行要求,实现地面管制系统向机载系统的数据发布。该项研究成果能对口飞机机载数据链相关的ATC(Air Traffic Control空中交通管制)功能和部分监视功能ADS-C(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Contract合同式自动相关监视)、ADS-B(Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast广播式自动相关监视),提供对应的地面收发端,监控机载系统数据状态。该成果可以配合飞机研发过程中的试验和排故,并为适航验证工作提供有力的准备和支持。     

Ionospheric electron density over Resolute Bay according to E-CHAIM model and RISR radar measurements

In this study, predictions of the E-CHAIM ionospheric model are compared with measurements by the incoherent scatter radars RISR at Resolute Bay, Canada, in the northern polar cap. Reasonable coverage was available for all seasons except winter for which no conclusions were drawn. It is shown that ratios of the model-to measured electron densities are close to unity in the central part of the F layer, around its peak. This is particularly evident for summer daytime. Distributions of the ratios are wider for other seasons indicating larger number of cases when the model underestimates or overestimates. E-CHAIM underestimates the electron density at ionospheric topside and bottomside by ～ 10–20 %. At the bottomside, the underestimations are strongest in summer and equinoctial nighttime. At the topside, the underestimations are strongest in autumn nighttime. Model overestimations are noticeable in the middle part of the F layer during dawn hours in autumn. Overall, the model tends to not predict highest-observed peak electron densities and the largest-observed heights of the peak.     

Data-driven prescribed performance control for satellite with large rotational component

In this paper, the high precision attitude control for satellite with large misaligned rotational component is investigated, proposing a novel model-free prescribed performance adaptive control (MF-PPAC) method. Based on the model-free adaptive control (MFAC) strategy, high-precision attitude control is achieved depending on the system measurement rather than the spacecraft mathematical model, which demonstrates the superiority in handling nonlinearity and uncertainty of the spacecraft system, especially for those with unbalance of the rotational component. Furthermore, the transient and the stable-state behavior of the tracking error using MFAC is constrained in the prescribed performance bounds and converges to zero gradually with the utilization of prescribed performance function (PPF) and error transformation method. Finally, the convergence and boundedness of the system error, the bounded-input bounded-output (BIBO) stability of the proposed MF-PPAC is demonstrated by the contraction mapping theory. Simulation and comparison with disturbance-observer-based PD control and MFAC illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

Preparation of the Biochip experiment on the EXPOSE-R2 mission outside the International Space Station

Biochips might be suited for planetary exploration. Indeed, they present great potential for the search for biomarkers – molecules that are the sign of past or present life in space – thanks to their size (miniaturized devices) and sensitivity. Their detection principle is based on the recognition of a target molecule by affinity receptors fixed on a solid surface. Consequently, one of the main concerns when developing such a system is the behavior of the biological receptors in a space environment. In this paper, we describe the preparation of an experiment planned to be part of the EXPOSE-R2 mission, which will be conducted on the EXPOSE-R facility, outside the International Space Station (ISS), in order to study the resistance of biochip models to space constraints (especially cosmic radiation and thermal cycling). This experiment overcomes the limits of ground tests which do not reproduce exactly the space parameters. Indeed, contrary to ground experiments where constraints are applied individually and in a limited time, the biochip models on the ISS will be exposed to cumulated constraints during several months. Finally, this ISS experiment is a necessary step towards planetary exploration as it will help assessing whether a biochip can be used for future exploration missions.