Response and stabilization of a two-stage axial flow compressor restricted by rotating inlet distortion

This paper considers effects of Rotating Inlet Distortion (RID) on a two-stage axial compressor and the stabilization effects of a casing treatment subjected to the considered RID. In multi-spool engines, the downstream compressor suffers a RID when the upstream fan/compressor is in rotating stall. A controlled rotating sectional screen upstream of the compressor was adopted to generate the RID in different intensities, and co- or counter spinning direction compared with the rotor. The response of the compressor to inlet distortion was interpreted as the changes of stall margin. Results show that there are two peaks for the stall margin degradation where the distortion screen rotates near 20% and 70% of the rotor’s rotational frequency, respectively. Based on the measurements taken during the pre-stall process, it is suggested that the two frequencies are associated with the eigen frequencies of the compressor. Specifically, the first is associated with a stall precursor that is suspected as an initial disturbance existing in compressor and the second is related to a spike-type stall precursor. At last, a kind of Stall Precursor-Suppressed (SPS) casing treatment was applied to enhance the compressor stability in RID conditions. The result indicates that the stall margin is improved by 6% at an average level and there is nearly no efficiency loss caused by the application of such casing treatment.     

对接机构综合试验台温度环境模拟分系统温场优化

为改善某新型对接机构综合试验台温度环境模拟分试验系统的温度和压力均匀性,基于温场特性分析,用三维标准κ-ε模型对系统送风散流装置结构模型进行改进。发现散流装置的送风方式和结构对温度与压力均匀性影响较大。用仿真对散流器进行优化以改善流场,通过增设静压室和布风散流装置,在送风温度不变时可将温场温度均匀度控制在1 K内,压力梯度下降至改进前的0.5%,且改进后的送风结构能较好地满足温场体积变化后的试验要求。     

高超侧压式进气道简单唇口调节方案设计

为最大限度提高侧压式进气道流量系数,在定几何进气道基础上设计了一种唇口可调节的简单变几何方案。唇口设计成前伸的后掠三角形以完全挡住第二溢流窗同时排移侧板分离涡。利用Fluent软件研究了变几何进气道马赫6,马赫4下的气动性能,并与定几何直唇口进气道进行了比较。研究发现,简单的唇口调节措施能在显著改善进气道各项总体性能参数的同时获得更高的流量系数:马赫6设计状态下,可调进气道流量系数达0.93;马赫4非设计状态下,流量系数为0.71,能实现自起动。马赫5.3风洞试验结果表明,高马赫数来流条件下,可调进气道三角形尖唇口对改善下游隔离段内的流动结构具有明显效果。     

冲压发动机进气道/燃烧室/尾喷管耦合流场计算

采用耦合求解的方法进行了冲压发动机进气道/燃烧室/尾喷管流场一体化计算,进气道采用单一气体、变比热比模型,燃烧室和尾喷管采用多组分化学动力学模型,湍流模型为k-g湍流模型。进气道与燃烧室界面通过流量、静压等参数实现耦合。结果表明,通过合理设计参数的传递方式,可以快速实现进气道/燃烧室/尾喷管流场的耦合求解,流场分布合理。     

透平进气阀箱的数值模拟

用数值方法模拟了透平进气阀箱的内部流动。为了改善计算的收敛性和提高计算精度,程序采用了ＳＩＭＰＬＥＳＴ迭代求解方法,并引入ｋ－ε湍流模型、壁面函数法和空度的概念进行了数值计算。计算结果表明,本文的方法能够较好的模拟进气阀箱内部复杂的流动,并与已有的一些实验结果吻合良好。     

变展长战术导弹非定常气动特性研究

以某轴对称基准弹为模型,通过数值模拟对其进行了准定常和非定常气动特性研究,探索可变翼飞行器在变展长过程中的非定常气动特性。结果表明:在弹翼连续变展长的过程中,非定常气动特性曲线在对应的准定常气动特性曲线周围形成滞回环,若来流马赫数增大,则滞回环变小。当来流为超声速时,轴对称基准弹飞行迎角和变形周期对其非定常气动特性影响较小,而非定常气动特性并不显著,接近于准定常气动特性,在可变翼飞行器设计过程中可以忽略不计;当来流为亚声速时,展长变化对非定常气动特性有一定的影响,不能忽略。     

超声速双侧二元进气道在侧滑状态下的再起动特性数值研究

针对冲压发动机燃烧室压强过高导致进气道不起动的问题,对一种双侧布局的超声速混压式二元进气道的再起动特性开展数值研究,获得了小侧滑角下迎、背风侧进气道的再起动特性。结果表明:对于双侧布局的进气道,其再起动出现了明显的回路迟滞现象,且在小侧滑角下,迎、背风侧进气道的再起动流态出现了明显的不对称性,在不起动及再起动的过程中会出现单侧进气道不起动的现象。比较发现:迎风侧进气道较背风侧进气道更容易出现不起动,且其实现再起动更为困难。通过对比不同背压峰值作用下的进气道再起动特性发现,当进气道背压峰值大于进气道不起动背压时,进气道的再起动背压值不随着背压峰值的增大发生变化,但进气道会发生倒流,形成反向冲量,导致内阻急剧上升,发动机工作性能恶化。      

A high-order model of rotating stall in axial compressors with inlet distortion

In this paper,a high-order distortion model is proposed for analyzing the rotating stall inception process induced by inlet distortion in axial compressors.A distortion-generating screen in the compressor inlet is considered.By assuming a quadratic function for the local flow total pressure-drop,the existing Mansoux model is extended to include the effects of static inlet distor tion,and a new high-order distortion model is derived.To illustrate the effectiveness of the distortion model,numerical simulations are performed on an eighteenth-order model.It is demonstrated that long length-scale disturbances emerge out of the distorted background flow,and further induce the onset of rotating stall in advance.In addition,the circumferential non-uniform distribution and time evolution of the axial flow are also shown to be consistent with the existing features.It is thus shown that the high-order distortion model is capable of describing the transient behavior of stall inception and will contribute further to stall detection under inlet distortion.     

纤维泊松收缩对陶瓷基复合材料疲劳迟滞回线的影响

采用细现力学方法研究了纤维泊松收缩对陶瓷基复合材料迟滞回线的影响.采用库仑摩擦法则描述脱粘区界面剪应力分布,结合拉梅公式得到了界面脱粘区和粘结区的细观应力场.根据卸载与重新加载时纤维相对基体滑移机制,分析了加、卸栽纤维轴向应力分布,假设纤维轴向应力在界面脱粘尖端连续得到了初载时界面脱粘长度ls、卸载时界面反向滑移长度y以及重新加载时界面滑移长度z',讨论了纤维泊松比、纤维体积百分数和界面摩擦系数对加卸栽界面滑移长度、迟滞回线的影响.由于考虑了纤雏泊松收缩的影响,预测的迟滞回线面积及卸载残余应变大于Pryce-Smith模型预测值.     

非线性二元机翼气动弹性近似解析研究

 建立了不可压流动中多项式迟滞非线性二元机翼的气动弹性运动方程,然后利用谐波平衡法进行了求解。与数值积分结果比较分析表明,在系统发生二次分叉以前,谐波平衡法可以准确地预测极限环振荡的频率和振幅,通过频谱分析与时间响应历程讨论了谐波平衡法产生误差的原因。另外还研究了弹性轴位置对颤振特性的影响,随着弹性轴不断靠近翼弦中点,俯仰振幅不断增大,而沉浮振幅则存在一个极小值点。