立楔诱导高超声速分离流动的被动控制研究

双模态超燃冲压发动机由于压力扰动可能发生不起动现象,造成推力严重下降,对飞行稳定性与飞行安全具有很强的破坏性.不起动初始阶段主要受到激波与边界层相互作用引起的流动分离影响,希望通过控制分离达到改善流动的目的.采用5阶特征型WENO(weighted essentially non-oscillator)格式与3阶TVD(total variation diminishing)型Runge-Kutta(R-K)格式的高精度数值方法,求解三维Navier-Stokes(N-S)方程,研究与分析了凸起物和被动吹吸两种被动控制方法对激波与边界层相互作用导致的高超声速流动分离现象的控制效果.结果表明:凸起物通过诱导流向涡形成,改变空间压力分布,减弱二次分离,影响分离结构;吹吸方式的被动控制技术通过平衡分离区与再附区之间的高低压差,降低逆压梯度,使压力分布与分离区域发生改变.      

An alternative Shell inversion technique - Analysis and validation based on COSMIC and ionosonde data

Multi-channel Global Positioning System (GPS) carrier phase signals, received by the six low Earth orbiting (LEO) satellites from the Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (COSMIC) program, were used to undertake active limb sounding of the Earth’s atmosphere and ionosphere via radio occultation. In the ionospheric radio occultation (IRO) data processing, the standard Shell inversion technique (SIT), transformed from the traditional Abel inversion technique (AIT), is widely used, and can retrieve good electron density profiles. In this paper, an alternative SIT method is proposed. The comparison between different inversion techniques will be discussed, taking advantage of the availability of COSMIC datasets. Moreover, the occultation results obtained from the SIT and alternative SIT at 500 km and 800 km, are compared with ionosonde measurements. The electron densities from the alternative SIT show excellent consistency to those from the SIT, with strong correlations over 0.996 and 0.999 at altitudes of 500 km and 800 km, respectively, and the peak electron densities (N_mF₂) from the alternative SIT are equivalent to the SIT, with 0.839 vs. 0.844, and 0.907 vs. 0.909 correlation coefficients when comparing to those by the ionosondes. These results show that: (1) the N_mF₂ and h_mF₂ retrieved from the SIT and alternative SIT are highly consistent, and in a good agreement with those measured by ionosondes, (2) no matter which inversion technique is used, the occultation results at the higher orbits (∼800 km) are better than those at the lower orbits (∼500 km).     

Identifying areas of high economic-potential copper mineralization using ASTER data in the Urumieh–Dokhtar Volcanic Belt,Iran

This study investigates the application of spectral image processing methods to ASTER data for mapping hydrothermal alteration zones associated with porphyry copper mineralization and related host rock. The study area is located in the southeastern segment of the Urumieh–Dokhtar Volcanic Belt of Iran. This area has been selected because it is a potential zone for exploration of new porphyry copper deposits. Spectral transform approaches, namely principal component analysis, band ratio and minimum noise fraction were used for mapping hydrothermally altered rocks and lithological units at regional scale. Spectral mapping methods, including spectral angle mapper, linear spectral unmixing, matched filtering and mixture tuned matched filtering were applied to differentiate hydrothermal alteration zones associated with porphyry copper mineralization such as phyllic, argillic and propylitic mineral assemblages.     

多径干扰下GPS/INS跟踪环路的一种高斯码相位鉴别器

针对载体在多径信号的影响下,传统码相位鉴别器不能实时有效鉴别出码相位误差,提出一种高斯码相位鉴别器构建方法。在GPS/INS深组合模式中,接收机码相位鉴别器的构建将改变传统设计方法。INS系统利用GPS接收机产生的即时码相位信息,建立INS系统码相位鉴别器,该INS码相位鉴别器用于辅助GPS接收机码相位鉴别器,构建高斯码相位鉴别器,有效降低码相位跟踪误差。仿真结果表明,与传统的码鉴相器相比,高斯码相位鉴别器减小了噪声方差,能有效提高鉴相精度,从而在多径干扰下提高定位精度。     

火箭引射模态下主火箭总压与RBCC发动机的匹配性

基于传统的"等压面假设"理论,建立了RBCC发动机主火箭的引射性能分析模型,研究了主火箭总压与RBCC发动机的匹配性。研究结果表明,若隔离段通道面积比小于0.65,在主火箭总压较低条件下,隔离段内二次流容易达到壅塞,无法进一步提高空气流量;在地面静止状态下,随主火箭总压增加,空气流量逐步增大,等压面上形成Fabri壅塞后,进一步增加主火箭总压,反而会降低空气流量;在火箭引射模态下,RBCC发动机的工作状态可细分为引射作用占主导地位的进气道亚临界状态和临界状态、冲压作用占主导地位的进气道超临界状态,其分界马赫数分别约为0.7和1.5。     

穿刺结构参数对C/C复合材料拉伸性能的影响

采用不同间距、不同根数的纤维束穿刺成型炭纤维预制体,经进一步化学气相沉积、沥青浸渍-高压炭化致密制备穿刺C/C复合材料。拉伸性能测试结果表明,穿刺间距2.1mm、穿刺束纤维根数为12K的C/C复合材料获得高的拉伸强度,Z向拉伸强度131.4MPa,XY向拉伸强度111.3MPa;随着穿刺间距减小、穿刺丝束纤维根数增加,Z向纤维含量增加,Z向拉伸强度明显提高。穿刺C/C复合材料1800℃真空条件下的拉伸强度与室温相当,拉伸模量低于室温,延伸率高于室温;常温拉伸断口较平整,且纤维/基体间的裂纹明显,而高温拉伸断口参差不齐,纤维及基体断面粗糙,呈现出假塑性断裂特征。     

复杂薄壁构件自适应加工工艺几何模型重构

随着制造理念和制造水平的不断提高,大量复合制造工艺背景下的近净成形叶片被应用到现役或在研的航空发动机中。该类叶片是典型的复杂薄壁结构零件,无精确定位基准,且成形一致性差。采用传统叶身定位,加工后的前/后缘、榫齿形状和位置精度均难以保证,从而导致产品一致性差,易超差与合格率低。针对以上问题,提出一种面向自适应加工的复杂薄壁结构零件工艺几何模型重构方法。首先,建立复杂曲面的采样点分布模型,快速获取叶片精确成型区域的位置和形状;其次,提出基于特征曲线相似变形的模型重构算法,精确重构前/后缘非精确成型区域的工艺几何模型;最后,通过精锻叶片自适应加工试验进行验证。试验结果表明：该方法可有效满足以精锻叶片为代表的复杂薄壁构件自适应加工要求。     

Aerodynamic design of tractor propeller for high-performance distributed electric propulsion aircraft

Aiming to maximize the aerodynamic performance of the Distributed Electric Propulsion (DEP) aircraft, a hybrid design framework which focuses on the aerodynamic performance of the propeller/wing integration has been developed and validated numerically. Variable-fidelity modelling for propeller aerodynamics has been used to achieve computational efficiency with reasonable accuracy. By optimizing the aerodynamic loading distributions on the tractor propeller disk, the induced slipstream is redistributed into a form that is beneficial for the wing downstream, based on which the propeller blade geometry is generated through a rapid inversed design procedure. As compared with the Minimum Induced Loss (MIL) propeller at a specified thrust level, significant improvements of both the lift-to-drag ratio of the wing and the propeller/wing integrated aerodynamic efficiency is achieved, which shows great promise to deliver aerodynamic benefits for the wing within the propeller slipstream without any additional devices.     

大攻角状态压气机分离流及叶片动力响应特性

为研究大攻角状态压气机转子内部分离区的脱落和传播过程及转子叶片对其动力响应问题,对某跨声速压气机级进行了非定常数值模拟和双向迭代流固耦合数值模拟。研究结果表明,在近失速状态,转子叶片通道内会周期性地发生2次叶背分离区的脱落和传播现象。第1个分离区主要表现出轴向传播特性,其会对下游流场产生影响;第2个分离区主要表现出周向传播特性,其会作用于周向相邻的转子叶片,对转子叶排自身产生激励作用,进而影响叶片表面压力分布,引起叶片较强的动力响应,对叶片结构强度的影响不可忽略。非定常/流固耦合计算手段能够较全面地预测流场中激励源的频率、幅值与位置等,在压气机设计阶段应对此类预测工作予以重视,以期更准确地预测叶片共振及动力响应等问题。     

射流对高超声速进气道起动性能的影响

为探索利用射流技术降低进气道起动马赫数的可行性,对二元高超声速进气道二维流场进行了数值模拟,通过对比不同工况的流场结构、流量系数及总压恢复系数,分析了射流对高超声速进气道的作用效果,并研究了射流速度、压强及倾角对进气道起动性能的影响。分析结果表明:施加射流,激波与进气道边界层原有干扰形式发生改变,是降低进气道起动马赫数的主要原因。研究还表明,增大射流速度利于提高控制效果,但持续增大射流速度,会造成隔离段反压升高,并且这一现象与射流压强相关,降低射流压强能使进气道起动的射流速度区间扩大,同时在不同射流倾角下,上述规律表现一致。该研究揭示了进气道起动能力随射流参数变化的系统性规律,可用于指导工程设计及优化。