Detonation waves induced by a confined wedge

An auto-ignition detonation phenomenon can be initiated by a wedge confined in a channel. A new, self-sustaining, normal detonation wave engine concept is proposed. The detonation processes were numerically modeled with a simplified two-dimensional wedged channel flow that was deemed to emulate a real three-dimensional configuration. The results showed that within certain ranges of incoming flow Mach number or wedge angle, detonation could be self ignited in the channel. The study furthermore investigated the detonation waves based on three different detonation initiation positions. Different configurations of the detonation waves were observed and analyzed. The performance of the different detonation wave configurations was estimated and compared.     

Comparison of computational and experimental results in vibroacoustic active control using piezoelectric film technology

The present investigation concerns control of far-field acoustic radiation generated by a thin plate in a broad frequency band using piezoelectric films. System dynamics is of modal nature.This paper describes a comparison of numerical and experimental results for a closed loop type control. This comes from Optimal Control Theory via radiation filter causal transformation based on a dissipative criterion.     

Impact of the orbital eccentricity on the attitude performance before and after the deorbiting phase for Alsat-1

Due to the presence of periodic forcing terms in the gravity gradient torque, orbit eccentricity may produce large response for the roll, yaw and pitch angles. This paper investigates the influence of the orbit eccentricity on the performance of the attitude determination and control subsystem (ADCS) pointing of passive Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellites stabilized by a gravity gradient boom or having long appendages before and after the deorbiting operation. The contribution of this work is twofold. First, the satellite attitude dynamics and kinematics are modeled by introducing the orbit eccentricity in the equations of motion of a LEO satellite in order to provide the best scenario in which satellite operators can keep the nominal functionality of LEO satellites with a gravity gradient boom after the deorbiting operation. Second, a Quaternion-based Extended Kalman Filter (EKF) is analyzed when the orbit eccentricity is considered in order to determine the influence of this disturbance on the convergence and stability of the filter. The simulations in this work are based on the true parameters of Alsat-1 which is a typical LEO satellite stabilized by a gravity gradient boom. The results show that the orbit eccentricity has a big influence on the pointing system accuracy causing micro-vibrations that affect the geocentric pointing particularly after the deorbiting phase. In this case, satellites have no orbital correction option. The Quaternion-based Extended Kalman Filter analyzed in this paper, achieved satisfactory results for eccentricity values less than 0.4 with respect to pointing system accuracy. However, singularities were observed for eccentricity values greater than 0.4.     

Wave perturbations in the MLT at high northern latitudes in winter,observed by two SATI instruments

To investigate the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT) region, several ground-based instruments called SATI (Spectral Airglow Temperature Imager) were designed and built to measure airglow emission and temperature in the upper mesosphere. One SATI instrument was installed at Resolute Bay (74.7°N, 94.9°W) and has monitored the polar MLT region since November, 2001. In October 2007 another SATI instrument was installed at Eureka (80.0°N, 86.3°W) at the Polar Environment Atmospheric Research Laboratory (PEARL) as part of the Canadian Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Change (CANDAC) project. SATI is a spatial scanning Fabry–Perot spectrometer measuring column emission rates for several rotational lines of OH and O₂ airglow at 87 and 94 km height. The rotational temperatures are inferred from the ratios of these lines. The measurements are divided into 12 sectors with an annular field of view. The phase differences between the sectors yield information on the horizontal atmospheric wave direction and wavelength. Horizontal perturbations of 2–8 h period have correlatively been observed and investigated at both locations. Short-periodic oscillations identified as gravity waves with periods between 2 and 8 h propagate in southward and eastward directions, but in opposite directions in some cases. The wave propagation characteristics are often different at the two locations; the relationship with the lower mean wind is considered.     

非正弦时域正交调制系统定时误差抑制方法

定时误差可使非正弦时域正交调制系统的解调性能显著下降。针对该问题,该文提出了基于保护间隔的定时误差抑制方法。在分析非正弦时域正交调制信号特征的基础上,公式推导了定时误差在相关接收时引起的干扰分量,理论分析了码元间插入保护间隔的定时误差抑制方法的可行性,并进行了仿真验证。结果表明,这种方法可有效的提高系统的误码率性能。该方法尤其适合于对定时误差敏感或精确同步困难的通信系统。     

Multi-rover navigation on the lunar surface

The paper presents a method of determination an accurate position of a target (rover, immobile sensor, astronaut) on surface of the Moon or other celestial body devoid of navigation infrastructure (like Global Positioning System), by using a group of self-calibrating rovers, which serves as mobile reference points. The rovers are equipped with low-precision clocks synchronized by external broadcasting signal, to measure the moments of receiving radio signals sent by localized target. Based on the registered times, distances between transmitter and receivers installed on beacons are calculated. Each rover determines and corrects its own absolute position and orientation by using odometry navigation and measurements of relative distances and angles to other mobile reference points. Accuracy of navigation has been improved by the use of a calibration algorithm based on the extended Kalman filter, which uses internal encoder readings as inputs and relative measurements of distances and orientations between beacons as feedback information. The key idea in obtaining reliable values of absolute position and orientation of beacons is to first calibrate one of the rovers, using the remaining ones as reference points and then allow the whole group to move together and calibrate all the rovers in-motion. We consider a number of cases, in which basic modeling parameters such as terrain roughness, formation size and shape as well as availability of distance and angle measurements are varied.     

基于半参数建模的弹道目标实时滤波

设计弹道目标的实时跟踪滤波器时,精确的动态建模和测量系统误差自校准是提高滤波精度的重要手段。基于补偿最小二乘原理和Tikhonov正则化定理,将难于参数化的复杂运动成分和测量系统误差表示为非参数分量,建立了基于半参数化建模的弹道递推模型和实时滤波算法,并详细设计了半参数建模时所需的光滑因子、正则化矩阵和窗口宽度等建模参数的在线选取方法。仿真实验和实际数据的计算结果表明,非参数成分可以有效地补偿状态模型误差,且可在线校准测量系统误差,显著改善弹道估计精度。算法已初步应用于实际飞行任务,其中的递推建模方法和参数选择策略对其它实时滤波器的设计同样有参考价值。     

数字信道化接收机结构分析及应用

推导了可直接应用于AD采样数据的高效数字信道化接收机的通用结构,并对抽取因子对信道化输出结果的影响进行了理论分析,得出信道化接收机在不同环境下应用的约束条件。理论分析和仿真结果表明：当信道个数与抽取因子相等时,可实现最小硬件开销的频域无盲区、无混叠的数字信道化接收机。     

Hemispheric Distribution of Lower-band Chorus Waves Observed by Van Allen Probes

Whistler mode chorus waves are important electromagnetic emissions due to their dual roles in acceleration and loss processes of Earth’s radiation belt electrons. A detailed global survey of lower-band chorus is performed using EMFISIS data from Van Allen Probes in near-equatorial orbits. In addition to the confirmation of the positive correlation of chorus wave intensities to geomagnetic activity and dayside-nightside distribution asymmetry of wave amplitude and occurrence probability, the analysis results find that in statistics lower-band chorus emissions exhibit higher wave occurrence rates and larger normalized peak wave frequencies in the magnetically northern hemisphere but somehow stronger peak wave intensities in the magnetically southern hemisphere. While overall the differences between the two magnetically hemispheric distributions tend to be not significant, it is important to establish the magnetically hemispheric distribution profiles of lowerband chorus with respect to L-shell, magnetic local time, and geomagnetic latitude for improved understanding of chorus-induced dynamics of radiation belt electrons.     

基于伪距差分增强的分布式节点时间同步方法

传统时频同步方法维持分布式节点之间同步的精度较高,但并不适用于空间非接触节点的时频同步问题.本文提出一种基于伪距差分增强的时间同步方法,给出了系统原理和基本组成,运用总体最小二乘法解算分布式节点的先验钟差信息,并利用卡尔曼滤波构建了主从节点间的时间同步算法模型.仿真校验与结果分析显示,相比独立GPS授时同步,本文提出的系统同步算法能够提高空间分布式节点同步精度,在基线距离平均为25km的条件下,可将节点同步精度控制在亚纳秒量级.