Turbulent Wagner problem with transition

Wagner problem is originally concerned with inviscid flow and unsteady force due to a small step motion, or attaining of a small angle of attack, of an airfoil in an initially uniform flow and has been studied recently for inviscid flow with large amplitude step motion. Here we propose to consider turbulent Wagner problem for a plate that is initially covered with a mixed laminar-boundary layer on both sides and is set into step motion of small or large amplitude and in direction normal to the plate. The evolution of skin friction and transition region in time are examined numerically. It is found that transition region unexpectedly changes direction of movement for small amplitude of step motion while global transition or laminarization exists for large amplitude step motion. The significance of this study is twofold. First, the present study treated a new and interesting problem since it combines two problems of fundamental interests, one is Wagner problem and the other is boundary layer transition. Second, the present study appears to show that the pressure gradient normal to the airfoil and caused by discontinuous step motion may have subtle influence on transition and the mechanism of this influence deserves further studies.     

一种机翼弯剪载荷包线近似计算方法

在机翼静强度初步设计中,为了快速准确地得到其载荷包线并用于确定翼盒结构基本参数,提出一种近似计算方法。通过比较多种重量估算方法,发现三角形分布能较好地拟合机翼重量。考虑到大型民用运输机飞行临界过载和集中载荷等特性,综合利用Schrenk升力分布和三角形重量分布,得到在飞行载荷下的一种近似计算机翼剪力和弯矩载荷包线方法。通过分析两机翼风洞试验数据得到的机翼剪力和弯矩包线,证明该近似方法是可行的。     

Model-based robust estimation and fault detection for MEMS-INS/GPS integrated navigation systems

In micro-electro-mechanical system based inertial navigation system（MEMS-INS）/global position system（GPS） integrated navigation systems, there exist unknown disturbances and abnormal measurements. In order to obtain high estimation accuracy and enhance detection sensitivity to faults in measurements, this paper deals with the problem of model-based robust estimation（RE） and fault detection（FD）. A filter gain matrix and a post-filter are designed to obtain a RE and FD algorithm with current measurements, which is different from most of the existing priori filters using measurements in one-step delay. With the designed filter gain matrix, the H-infinity norm of the transfer function from noise inputs to estimation error outputs is limited within a certain range; with the designed post-filter, the residual signal is robust to disturbances but sensitive to faults. Therefore, the algorithm can guarantee small estimation errors in the presence of disturbances and have high sensitivity to faults. The proposed method is evaluated in an integrated navigation system, and the simulation results show that it is more effective in position estimation and fault signal detection than priori RE and FD algorithms.     

外加载荷对镀Pt 探针与ZnO纳米棒接触电学特性的影响

利用原子力显微镜研究了镀Pt探针与生长在银基底上的单根ZnO纳米棒接触的电学特性.实验测得的Ⅰ-Ⅴ特性曲线呈基本对称的非线性形状,表明镀Pt针尖与ZnO纳米棒顶端形成了良好的肖特基接触.同时,研究发现随着外加载荷的增加,针尖与样品间接触面积增大,使得反向截止电压和正向导通电压均有所升高,而理想因子降低.     

摇摆条件下惯性平台系统动态特性分析

惯性平台系统可以隔离角运动的技术特点为惯性仪表提供了良好的工作环境,但是轴端摩擦力矩的存在,将导致基座的摇摆运动对平台台体的稳定性产生影响,引起台体各轴的附加常值漂移即平台摇摆漂移。对于摇摆漂移的产生机理,国内外主要集中分析了运动学耦合原因。本文根据平台系统的稳定工作原理,首次通过建立平台系统的动力学方程,详细分析了摇摆条件下平台的动态特性,从平台动力学的角度详细分析了产生摇摆漂移的机理。结果表明,被稳定的台体各轴的运动特性是绕各轴摩擦力矩以及其余两轴角运动等导致的综合运动,既有单纯的跟踪运动,也有复杂的耦合运动,只有沿陀螺仪自转轴存在角运动,同时存在陀螺仪浮子转角的情况下,才有可能产生台体的摇摆漂移。     

旋转状态气膜换热机理的数值研究

大涡模拟研究了旋转对单孔平板气膜冷却的影响,气膜出流的雷诺数为2600,吹风比为0.5,计算了静止和旋转数为0.02两种状态的流动和换热,从湍流结构演化的角度讨论了旋转状态气膜换热的机理.结果表明:①发卡涡是决定气膜换热的主要湍流结构,旋转状态发卡涡的形状和运动规律主要受哥氏力的影响;②气膜在哥氏力作用下向高半径方向偏...     

可控式液体润滑高速螺旋槽端面密封试验

研制了电磁加载装置和摩擦力矩测试装置,并将其应用于液体润滑的螺旋槽端面密封试验中.试验研究了端面密封坝处液膜特性、端面温升、端面摩擦力等密封性能参数以及端面闭合力对密封性能的影响.试验结果表明,密封坝处压力随转速的增加而增加,当转速较大时,端面的温升也较高.端面密封在液膜润滑下具有较小的摩擦力.利用电磁加载装置和摩擦力...     

单个柔性旗帜在均匀流中摆动的测力实验

利用自行研制的测力天平在低速风洞中对单个柔性旗帜失稳摆动的受力特性进行了测量,同时还测量了旗帜的振幅、频率等参数。实验结果表明：在实验条件下,宽长比H^＊接近1时,旗帜摆动的扭曲变形可以忽略;影响实验的无量纲参数主要是宽长比H^＊,质量比M^＊和无量纲速度V^＊;保持质量比M^＊不变、改变宽长比H。时,阻力系数C^＊、无量纲振幅A^＊和Sf数都随无量纲速度V^＊线性增大;保持H^＊不变、改变M^＊时,C^＊、A^＊和ST都随V^＊先增大后趋于定值。实验证明,在实验参数范围内旗帜受到的阻力与摆动振幅成正比。估算结果表明忽略惯性力对阻力的贡献对结果影响不大。     

Robust adaptive filtering method for SINS/SAR integrated navigation system

This paper presents a new robust adaptive filtering method for SINS/SAR (Strap-down Inertial Navigation System/Synthetic Aperture Radar) integrated navigation system. This method adopts the principle of robust estimation to adaptive filtering of observational data. A robust adaptive filter is developed to adaptively determine the covariance matrix of observation noise, and adaptively adjust the covariance matrix of system state noise according to the adaptive factor constructed based on predicted residuals. Experimental results and comparison analysis demonstrate that the proposed method cannot only effectively resist disturbances due to system state noise and observation noise, but it can also achieve higher accuracy than the adaptive Kalman filtering method.     

直升机使用吊放声纳检查反潜兵力需求模型

在分析直升机检查反潜概念、目的和基本特征的基础上,依据直升机使用吊放声纳检查反潜的基本过程和方法,建立了直升机吊放声纳检查反潜的兵力需求模型并进行应用验证.最后对影响直升机使用吊放声纳检查反潜兵力需求的主要因素进行了分析.