残余气体分析技术在"海洋一号"正样星热试验中的应用

文章介绍了残余气体分析技术在“海洋一号”正样星真空热试验中的应用。目前,国内外星船试验中的残余气体分析,一般都是将仪器探头安装在真空容器壁上,所测结果主要是器壁与热沉之间气体的成份。针对这次试验提出的测量星体附近气体成份的特殊要求,采用了将测量探头前接集气管的特殊方法,从而真实有效地测量到星体附近的残余气体成份。     

压缩空气瓶内凝结水水位检测方法的探讨

由于压缩空气瓶在使用过程中会出现瓶内残留凝结水的现象,从而影响压缩空气瓶的容积,并产生化学腐蚀,影响气瓶的整体强度和耐压性能及其的寿命。为此,应掌握气瓶内凝结水水位情况,并且提高检测水位准确度。提出了一种利用气体状态方程来计算压缩空气瓶的冷凝水水位新见解,对压缩空气瓶的安全使用具有重要意义。     

红外气体分析中环境影响的补偿方法研究

环境温度、总压影响是红外气体分析中难以有效解决的主要问题之一，本文以二氧化碳气体为测量对象，采用实验手段，单片机和数据自理技术建立了环境温度、总压对红上气体分析影响的补偿数学模型和求解方法，并进行了实验验证，研究的内容为红外气体分析中影响影响的外补偿开始辟了一条新的途径，具有广阔的应用前景。     

气体浮环动静压混合轴承的特性分析

本文对气体浮环动静压混合轴承的静动态特性进行了研究,并给出计算其高速稳定性的简单方法。理论分析与实验结果表明:环面浅腔二次节流动静压混合型气体浮环轴承的高速稳定性是最佳的。     

Transient simulation of a differential piston warm gas self-pressurization system for liquid attitude and divert propulsion system

In order to obtain the dynamic characteristics of a differential piston warm gas selfpressurization system for liquid attitude and divert propulsion system, a transient model is developed using the modular modeling method. The system includes the solid start cartridge,pressure-amplified tank with liquid monopropellant, liquid regulator, gas generator, and pipes.The one-dimensional finite-element state-variable model is applied to the pipes and the lumped parameter method is adopted for the other modules. The variations of the system operation parameters over time during the startup, steady-state, and pulsing operational processes are obtained from the transient model, and the characteristics of starting time changing with different system parameters are also analyzed. It is shown that the system startup process can be divided into three distinct processes. The starting time monotonically changes with variations of the liquid regulator parameters, first decreasing and then increasing with the mass change of the solid propellant charge of the start cartridge, initial gas cavity volume of the pressure amplified tank and initial gas cushion of the propellant tank. The starting time can be reduced to less than 1.0 s(0.68–0.75 s for the current system). For meeting the deviation requirements of ±10% of the steady-state propellant tank pressure, the positive deviation requirement is assured by the self-locking pressure and the negative deviation can be assured within an allowable maximum propellant tank volume flowrate(1.6 times the design value for the proposed system) for downstream thrusters for a designed system. The results from the simulation are useful as a guide for further system design and testing.     

Working processes in the solid-propellant low-temperature aerosol generator with an inert heatexchanger

Alignment charts that make it possible to select a standard size of inert heatexchanger structures with specified output characteristics and a developed scheme of the low-temperature aerosol generator are presented.     

推进剂重定位过程仿真与分析

为了拓展低温上面级滑行时间，满足深空探测任务需求以及提升运载火箭任务适应性，中国未来型号研制将采用间歇沉底的方案，其主要难点是推进剂重定位过程的研究。本文针对目前重定位仿真多为二维CFD仿真且不能准确合理地预示气泡逸出过程的问题，提出一种基于Flow-3D的三维CFD仿真方法。该方法采用卷气体积与液体体积之比（卷气率）预示气泡逸出过程，比以往采用气泡粒子数预示气泡逸出过程的方法更为合理准确。重定位及气泡逸出过程的仿真结果与半人马座落塔试验的结果具有一致性，捕捉到了重定位过程所有特征流型，且对应时刻误差不超过10%。仿真结果表明间歇沉底推进剂管理方案的可行性，并确定了某低温上面级的相关设计参数。     

小积液情况下卧式转子的稳定性实验研究

盘腔积液现象在舰用燃气轮机工作过程中时有发生，汽化的滑油和水蒸气凝结形成积液。转子带动腔内的积液旋转，引发振动失稳，严重时会对发动机结构造成致命性破坏。为此，本文开展燃气轮机压气机盘腔积液的模拟实验研究，以双盘双支承的卧式柔性转子系统作为研究对象，重点关注小积液量的特点，对积液转子的动力学稳定性进行了研究。观测到转子的失稳现象，开展了不同积液体积、不同积液类型（水、植物油和滑油）等因素的影响规律研究，揭示了小积液的卧式转子动力学特征。研究结果表明：①对于积液失稳振动，存在失稳边界积液量，当积液量大于该边界值时，失稳将会发生。②失稳边界转速及恢复转速均高于临界转速。当转速高于失稳边界转速时，失稳将会发生。转速进一步增加，高于恢复转速时，失稳现象可能消失。③失稳时的振动特征为：出现幅值突增，次谐波成分也随之增加；基频和次谐波发生调制，表现出拍振特征。④随着积液体积的增加，失稳边界转速先减小后增加。⑤随着积液粘度系数增大，失稳边界转速和边界积液量均增大。     

Experimental comparison between aircraft fuel tank inerting processes using NEA and MIG

Fuel tank inerting technologies are able to reduce the fire risk by injection of inert gas into the ullage or fuel, the former called ullage washing and the latter fuel scrubbing. The Green On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (GOBIGGS) is a novel technology based on flameless catalytic combustion, and owning to its simple structure and high inerting efficiency, it has received a lot of attentions. The inert gas in the GOBIGGS is mainly comprised of CO₂, N₂, and O₂ (hereinafter, Mixed Inert Gas (MIG)), while that in the On-Board Inert Gas Generation System (OBIGGS), which is one of the most widely used fuel tank inerting technologies, is Nitrogen-Enriched Air (NEA). The solubility of CO₂ is nearly 20 times higher than that of N₂ in jet fuels, so the inerting capability and performance are definitely disparate if the inert gas is selected as NEA or MIG. An inerting test bench was constructed to compare the inerting capabilities between NEA and MIG. Experimental results reveal that, if ullage washing is adopted, the variations of oxygen concentrations on the ullage and in the fuel are nearly identical no matter the inert gas is NEA or MIG. However, the ullage and dissolved oxygen concentrations of MIG scrubbing are always higher than those of NEA scrubbing.     

异形排气管的热态气动试验

在发动机活动试车台上，对全尺寸的从环形过渡到腰果形的发动机排气量，进行了热态的出口压力和温度分布测试，实验结果表明，排气管出口截面的上部存在有严重的低压区，出现气流倒流的现象，产生的原因是由于发动机排气管的上壁面的扩张角过大造成的，排气管出口夫面温度由上向下不断提高，上部因受冷气倒流的影响，温度只有９０℃左右，而对应排气管环形部分直接排出燃气，由于未受冷空气的掺混，使出口截面下半的气流最调达度４２