室内混合智能定位系统仿真平台框架研究

针对室内场景中实验环境搭建困难、鉴定评估样本少、实际系统与仿真系统需相互检验等问题，在介绍室内混合智能定位系统的基础上，研究了利用仿真技术搭建虚拟仿真实验环境。构建了室内混合智能定位系统仿真平台的体系结构和层次结构，论述了仿真平台涉及的理论模型及算法，并介绍了构建仿真平台的相关关键技术。研究结果能为用户提供一个具备环境建模、信号模拟、调度控制、可视化显示、数据存储、系统间交互等要素的室内混合智能定位仿真平台框架，为后续平台集成测试提供指导。     

Planetary protection issues of private endeavours in research,exploration, and human access to space: An environmental economics approach to forward contamination

In light of the rapidly growing New Space Economy, the landscape of space exploration and development activities will certainly become much more complicated year by year. Relevant commercial space actors have already emerged, pushing the boundaries of entrepreneurial space ventures beyond the Earth-oriented upstream and downstream market segments and opening up the path towards the novel segments of space exploration, space resources utilization, and space research. Planetary protection is usually defined as a set of guidelines concerning the avoidance of bidirectional biological material exchange between the Earth and other celestial bodies. Recent success stories of established and new-entrant NewSpace actors, although posing no realistic planetary protection threat at present, clearly indicate that serious work needs to be done in order for the relevant guidelines to keep up with the rapid advances of the technology development cycles that occur within NewSpace companies. This need may become even more urgent, as space entrepreneurs acquire and develop the resources and competencies to target the currently underserved market segments of space research, exploration, and utilization. As of now, these capabilities were maintained solely by public space agencies; thus, all planetary protection priorities, strategies, and responsibilities were discussed, agreed-upon, and delegated for implementation among national and international working groups of public stakeholders. Although top-down regulations can be effective in controlling the quality and conformity of the deliverables of private subcontractors to public contractors, international planetary protection frameworks might need to evolve even beyond such unmet public-private interaction and partnership models. For this reason, this study did not focus on the legal and political issues of mandating NewSpace actors to adhere to planetary protection guidelines; rather, drawing from the field of sustainable development on Earth, an environmental economics approach was followed, with the goal of viewing the relationship between planetary protection and private space exploration and development as another “tragedy of the commons” problem that must be settled accordingly. After the problem’s framing, i.e. the conceptual presentation and synthesis of four extraterrestrial non-excludable goods, the initial approach of their total economic value, and the negative externalities of their exploitation, a discussion of the forward contamination mitigation costs was conducted. Drawing from the literature and using examples from both the terrestrial and aerospace sectors, a pre-emptive move was suggested: the establishment of a global industry consortium for the pre-competitive collaboration in forward contamination mitigation technologies, centered on an international planetary protection analogue program and its respective testbed facility.     

基于WiFi指纹库的室内定位研究进展和展望

首先简要说明了室内定位技术中WiFi定位的优势;然后通过梳理WiFi指纹库的室内定位相关技术研究,简要阐述了WiFi信号的相关特性,并以实验作为佐证,重点介绍了信号传播模型、指纹库构建方法、指纹信号匹配准则和不同手机对WiFi信号敏感差异的标校等相关技术进展;最后,简要介绍了WiFi室内定位技术的未来发展趋势。     

泛在无线信号定位辅助信息的标准化研究

目前利用泛在无线信号进行定位时所需要的特定辅助信息的数据格式和传输方式还没有出台相关标准,这在某种程度上制约了导航定位产业的发展。针对这一问题,提出了通过对卫星导航定位领域广泛使用的RTCM SC-104和NMEA 0183这两种国际标准格式进行扩展,使其包含泛在无线信号定位相关的辅助信息,并将其通过NTRIP协议进行播发,从而实现辅助信息数据格式和传输方式的标准化。该研究有利于传统高精度GNSS定位和泛在无线信号定位的融合,并为实现泛在(无处不在)的室内外一体化定位提供技术支撑。     

制导工具误差折合精度影响因素分析

制导工具误差折合是导弹精度评定中的重要问题,其中最关键的技术问题是工具误差的折合精度问题。本文分别对用公式法求取误差折合系数时影响精度的各种因素从理论上进行了系统分析,并得出了外测误差精度、采样点数和弹道特性是影响折合精度的主要因素的结论。仿真计算结果表明了理论分析的正确性,为后续提高误差折合精度指明了方向。     

航天器表面材料充电性能研究—关于RTV-Ⅱ和13-17涂层的评价

本文报道了RTV-Ⅱ黑漆和13-17白色涂层二种航天器温控材料的电导在综合空间环境条件下的实验结果。实验表明RTV-Ⅱ涂层材料的电导从1984年到1986年,几乎每年下降一个量级,因而充电状态明显改变。13-17涂层材料的电导对空间真空环境响应不明显,但对电子辐照和光辐照响应显著,尤其对光辐照存在强烈的记忆效应。预测该涂层在轨道上由光照区进入星蚀区也不会出现明显充电现象。     

常见寿命分布下环境因子的研究

环境因子是可靠性评估中的一个重要参数，其相关问题的研究一直为可靠性工程所关注。本文从一个崭新的角度对服从特定寿命分布的产品的环境因子进行了讨论，并且得到了失效机理不变的必要条件。本文的结论对于可靠性综合评估和加速寿命试验都具有较高的实用价值。     

基于WLAN的室内定位方法研究

室内定位技术是指当携带定位设备的人或物处于室内环境时,携带者或外部监控系统获取其室内位置信息的技术。选取了目前应用前景较为广泛的WLAN定位技术进行研究,阐述了WLAN室内定位技术的基本原理,对比分析了目前两大WLAN定位技术:三边定位法和指纹定位法。针对现有技术的不足提出了新算法进行优化和改进,选取实际环境设计实验验证算法性能,结果表明新算法综合现有技术优点,可在降低成本的同时提高精度并减少运算时间。     

一种利用栅格光源特征编码的室内定位技术

目前,几种主流的室内定位技术分别存在定位精度低、设备成本高、易受环境干扰等一种或多种缺点,基于可见光通信的室内定位技术成为了研究热点。不同于主流的室内定位技术,提出了一种利用栅格光源特征编码的室内定位方案,先使光源照射区被划分为栅格,再用光源闪烁传递栅格特征信息,用户端接收闪烁光信号,对其解码实现定位。利用的编码方式结构巧妙,可以有效避免误读,同时相邻栅格编码相似度高,有利于跨栅格定位。在实验室中,以普通投影仪生成栅格光源,以市售安卓智能手机为用户终端,在较理想条件下的测试表明,该方案在动态和静态情况下均可确定用户位置,定位精度达到半个栅格,定位准确率达到100%。