Influence of thickness and initial groove angle in M–K model on limit strain of 7B04 by considering through-thickness stress

Marciniack–Kuczinski (M–K) model is widely used to predict material’s forming limit curve (FLC). The prediction of FLC traditionally neglected through-thickness normal stress. However, it cannot be neglected in some forming processes. Much work has been done to study the effect of through-thickness normal stress on FLC with constant through-thickness normal stress or constant ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress. In addition, based on Nakazima test process, the ratio of through-thickness normal stress and maximum principal stress has been derived, which was a function of instantaneous thickness and loading path. Here, initial groove angle in M–K model was not considered. In this paper, uniaxial tension tests and Nakazima tests were performed on 7B04 aluminum alloy. Based on Hill 48 yield criterion and M–K model, the prediction model of FLC was established. The increase of thickness can enhance FLC. Meanwhile, it is necessary to consider through-thickness normal stress and initial groove angle in prediction model. On the left side of FLC, the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is weakened by increasing sheet thickness. On the right side of FLC, the effect of initial groove angle on FLC is strengthened by increasing sheet thickness. On the right side of FLC, the relation between limit strain points with different thicknesses is linear under one certain loading path. Thickness has decisive effect on through-thickness normal stress level and the changing trendy of through-thickness normal stress during calculation is different under different stress condition.     

单刻线样板检定装置测量不确定度分析

分析了单刻线样板检定装置的测量不确定度，并分析了用该检定装置检定的单刻线样板的不确定度。     

翅片位置对复合式减涡器减阻性能影响数值模拟

为了探索翅片-管复合式减涡器的翅片安装位置对共转盘腔径向内流压力损失的影响规律,对不同转速、翅片周向位置及安装角度下的去旋系统开展了数值研究,得到了不同工况下共转盘腔径向内流的流场结构及压力损失分布曲线。研究结果表明:减涡管能引导流体径向流入,并降低流体的旋流比;相比于管式减涡器,翅片-管复合式减涡器能明显降低盘腔内的总压损失;在不同旋转雷诺数下,翅片的周向安装位置α及安装角β均存在最佳值;在中、高旋转雷诺数下,最佳值分别为α=9°,β=30°,最佳结构下总压损失较基础模型低40%左右;改变翅片周向位置及安装角度可以明显改变气流进入减涡管的角度,在较优情况下,可以减小流体流入减涡管的阻力及在减涡管内的流动阻力,整体上减小了盘腔内总压损失。     

Cross-sectional deformation behavior of double-ridged rectangular tube with fillers in different stages of H-typed bending

The bent double-ridged rectangular tube (DRRT) with high forming quality is helpful to improve the microwave transmission accuracy. For reducing the cross-sectional deformation in the H-typed bending process, in addition to using rigid mandrel to support the inside of tube, ridge groove fillers are also added to restrict the deformation of ridge grooves. Because of the change of stress and strain state of bent tube in bending, rigid mandrel retracting and specially twice-springback stages, and the springback of fillers, the cross-sectional deformation of tube in each stage may be different. Therefore, based on the ABAQUS platform, the finite element models (FEM) for H-typed bending, mandrel retracting and twice-springback stages of H96 DRRT with fillers were established and validated. It is found that, for the height and width deformation of tube and spacing deformation of ridge grooves, retraction of mandrel can make the distribution of these deformations more uniform along the bending direction. The first springback can reduce these deformations significantly, which should be emphasized. But the second springback only increases them by less amount, which can be ignored. The smaller height deformation of ridge groove and filler can be neglected.     

小冲击间距下带倾角冲击凹柱面流场结构实验研究

针对带倾角冲击凹柱面靶板的流动特性和流场结构研究,采用烟线法开展了流场显现实验研究,重点分析了旋流产生和发展的规律。试验中通过改变冲击雷诺数、冲击间距比(冲击间距和冲击孔直径之比)、冲击角度以及凹柱面相对曲率等参数,分析了涡出现的位置、结构等随这些参数的变化规律。研究结果表明:由于冲击射流同周围静止空气之间的粘性作用、气体在凹柱面上运动、脱离的共同作用下,带倾角冲击凹柱面靶板产生了不同的旋流结构。实验中,随冲击雷诺数的增加,在冲击滞止区域两侧流体冲击靶板分离处的圆心角增大,分离推迟;由于冲击角度的影响,相对冲击角度较小侧射流与壁面分离比在较大侧提前,且在相对冲击角度较小侧更容易产生旋流结构。实验中改变的参数均影响了旋流结构及其发展特性,并且影响规律表现出较强的关联性。     

轴流透平时序定位方法的探讨

利用时序效应原理,对一个1.5级轴流透平前后级静叶的周向定位提出简单的方案,以期能够达到最高效率,并利用Numeca软件对此周向定位方法进行了准三维的数值模拟验证,结果表明:该方法在叶轮机构前后级叶片定位的设计中有一定的参考价值.      

二维沟槽粗糙槽道内的湍流特性研究

采用激光多普勒测速技术对光滑和粗糙槽道湍流特性进行了实验研究。粗糙元为二维横向V型沟槽,沟槽深度为0.8mm,沟槽间距为6.4mm,对应的槽道半高度与沟槽深度比为12.5。基于中线时均速度和槽道半高度的流动雷诺数范围为2740～17400。实验测量了包括时均速度、湍流强度、雷诺切应力和速度脉动偏斜因子和平坦因子在内的湍流统计量,结果表明沟槽型粗糙度对湍流的影响不仅局限于边界层内区,而是延伸到整个边界层范围。粗糙壁面上的粗糙度函数随雷诺数的增大而增大,时均亏损速度也较光滑壁面高。沟槽抑制了内区的流向湍流强度,同时增大了外区的湍流强度。粗糙壁面上的雷诺切应力高于光滑壁面,且与湍流强度一样表现出对雷诺数的依赖性。尽管沟槽型粗糙度对流向平坦因子影响不大,但对流向偏斜因子有显著影响。     

离心压气机级串列叶栅扩压器内流场的数值研究

对某一带串列叶栅扩压器的离心压气机级进行了数值模拟,分析了串列叶栅扩压器后排叶片不同周向位置对压气机级流动及性能的影响.结果表明:串列叶栅扩压器性能优于单列叶栅扩压器,其后排叶片在不同周向位置处效率和压比均优于单列叶栅扩压器,效率提高幅度能达到1.9%,压比的提高幅度为2.85%.串列扩压器分流叶片的周向位置对其内部流动情况有显著影响,两排叶片之间存在一个最佳位置使扩压器损失最小.串列叶栅扩压器的主要损失集中在50%叶高以上的区域.      

平面埋入式进气道的口面参数选择与试验验证

为了提高飞行器的隐身性能和降低其迎风阻力,采用具有平面腹部的低雷达截面外形机身与埋入式进气道的组合是一种良好的解决方案。但迄今尚未有成熟的平面埋入式进气道设计方法可供借鉴,为此对平面埋入式进气道口面参数进行了组合对比研究,旨在通过口面参数的选择来改善进气道的气动性能。在此基础上,选择一组口面参数设计了一梯形进口的平面埋入式进气道方案,并进行了高速风洞试验验证。研究结果表明:(1)进口侧棱决定了所产生的卷吸涡的强度,而前唇口导流角决定了进口段的横向压力梯度,两者均是驱动主流进入进气道内部的关键因素,为此对进气道总压恢复系数和周向畸变指数均有着重要影响;后唇口型线特征参数对进气道出口总压高低压区的分布起着调节作用,为此可以作为控制周向畸变指数的一种辅助措施。(2)合适的口面参数能明显改善平面埋入式进气道的性能。选取23°导流角、4°侧棱角以及30°后唇口型线特征参数组合进行了方案设计和风洞试验验证,在Ma₀=0.7,α＝-2°~8°,β＝0°~2°的范围内,进气道的总压恢复系数在0.920~0.952之间,周向畸变指数在1.142%~2.237%之间,达到了实用水平。(3)研究范围内,攻角的增加有利于改善平面埋入式进气道的总压恢复系数和周向畸变指数,而小角度侧滑时对出口流场畸变的影响不大,不仅未下降,反而稍有增加。     

轮盘端面齿连接的周向拉杆转子刚度研究

针对轮盘端面齿连接的周向拉杆转子模型,理论分析得到转子各组成部分刚度计算方法.应用商业有限元软件ANSYS,基于三维有限元非线性接触算法计算预紧力下轮盘端面齿连接段的弯曲刚度和扭转刚度,得到刚度修正系数和刚度无量纲系数.分析周向拉杆刚度和轮盘刚度的关系,提出拉杆刚度比例系数.计算结果表明:刚度系数无量纲系数小于1时,刚度修正系数保持不变;刚度无量纲系数大于1时,此时预紧力不足,齿面发生滑移,刚度修正系数会突然降低,拉杆弯曲刚度比例系数会增加.刚度无量纲系数具有明确的物理意义,可为带端面齿的燃气轮机转子设计和故障诊断提供参考.