连续跌落冲击台的工作原理与调整

阐述了凸轮式跌落冲击装置的结构原理、力学性质、冲击参数及其调整方法。凸轮式跌落冲击台产生的冲击可使试件系统响应的幅值叠加及循环次数增多，因而产生冲击激励现象，引起试件的疲劳损伤。还介绍了清除冲击的方法和恒定实验负荷法。     

Variation of the orbital elements for parabolic trajectories due to a small impulse using Gauss equations

Firstly we derive Gauss’ perturbation equation for parabolic motion using Murray–Dermott and Kovalevsky procedures. Secondly, we easily deduce the variations of the orbital elements for the parabolic trajectories due to a small impulse at any point along the path and at the vertex of the parabola.     

冯雪峰与俄苏文论

冯雪峰是我国最早而且系统地译介俄苏文艺理论的主要翻译家之一，其译介活动是时代的使然，历史的必然。其译介内容具有庞杂性和片面性的特点，这对其文艺思想产生了双重的影响，既有积极的，也有消极的。     

带落速落角约束的高超声速飞行器俯冲轨迹规划方法

针对高超声速飞行器俯冲段精确打击任务需求,提出了一种能够同时满足落速与落角约束的轨迹规划方法。建立了两段式轨迹规划策略,第一段采用参数化控制剖面调节飞行速度,第二段采用传统偏置比例导引律实现落角控制。将控制剖面的参数设计分解为多参数优化与单参数搜索两个问题：通过离线求解可行初始位置范围最大的多参数优化问题,提高控制剖面对初始偏差的适应性;通过在线求解带罚函数的单参数搜索问题,得到落速偏差最小的俯冲轨迹。结合高超声速飞行器模型,对所提出的俯冲轨迹规划方法进行了仿真。结果表明,该方法能够得到满足落速与落角约束的俯冲轨迹,具有较好的求解效率,且对初始状态偏差具有较强的鲁棒性。     

深空探测采样返回起旋分离动力学仿真分析研究

针对深空探测采样返回高精度起旋分离,实现返回器再入大气姿态稳定的需求。在自主研发的被动式起旋分离机构的基础上,以多刚体系统动力学理论为基础,建立返回器起旋分离ADAMS动力学仿真分析模型,开展起旋分离过程综合敏度分析、敏感参数偏差耦合分析以及覆盖性分析研究,以此评估多参数偏差对返回器初始分离姿态的影响。分析结果表明：动力回转轴偏差和返回器横向质心偏差对返回器起旋分离姿态影响最为明显;合理配置动力回转轴及返回器横向质心位置有助于改善初始分离姿态;经多参数偏差覆盖性分析,验证了起旋分离各项指标的符合性。为深空探测采样再入返回高精度、高可靠分离技术的工程实施提供理论指导。     

民机典型前缘结构抗鸟撞分析研究

为保障飞行安全,CCAR25 部对民机结构抗鸟撞性能提出了严格的指令性要求,须对机翼前缘、平尾前缘和垂尾前缘等典型前缘结构进行鸟撞分析。鸟撞分析涉及到结构的动力学分析、鸟体的本构关系模拟、材料的高速非线性效应以及结构大变形等多方面因素的影响,相关的计算复杂,会耗费结构设计人员大量的精力和时间。通过采用经验公式和仿真分析方法对前缘结构抗鸟撞性能进行快速的分析,可达到对结构的抗鸟撞能力进行快速预估并从而指导设计的目的。     

Guidance law with impact time and impact angle constraints

A novel closed-form guidance law with impact time and impact angle constraints is pro- posed for salvo attack of anti-ship missiles, which employs missile’s normal acceleration (not jerk) as the control command directly. Firstly, the impact time control problem is formulated as tracking the designated time-to-go (the difference between the designated impact time and the current flight time) for the actual time-to-go of missile, and the impact angle control problem is formulated as tracking the designated heading angle for the actual heading angle of missile. Secondly, a biased proportional navigation guidance (BPNG) law with designated heading angle constraint is constructed, and the actual time-to-go estimation for this BPNG is derived analytically by solving the system differential equations. Thirdly, by adding a feedback control to this constructed BPNG to eliminate the time-to-go errorthe difference between the standard time-to-go and the actual time-to-go, a guidance law with adjustable coefficients to control the impact time and impact angle simultaneously is developed. Finally, simulation results demonstrate the performance and feasibility of the proposed approach.     

Testing Modified Newtonian Dynamics with LISA Pathfinder

We suggest that LISA Pathfinder, a technology demonstrator for the future gravitational wave observatory LISA, could be used to carry out a direct experimental test of Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). The LISA Pathfinder spacecraft is currently being built and the launch date is just a few years away. No modifications of the spacecraft are required, nor any interference with its nominal mission. The basic concept is to fly LISA Pathfinder through the region around the Sun-Earth saddle point, in an extended mission phase, once the original mission goals are achieved. We examine various strategies to reach the saddle point, and find that the preferred strategy, yielding relatively short transfer times of just over 1 year, probably involves a lunar fly-by. LISA Pathfinder will be able to probe the intermediate MOND regime, i.e. the transition between deep MOND and Newtonian gravity. We present robust estimates of the anomalous gravity gradients that LISA Pathfinder should be exposed to, based on MONDian effects as derived from the Tensor-Vector-Scalar (TeVeS) theory. The spacecraft speed and spatial scale of the MOND signal combine in a way that the spectral signature of the signal falls precisely into LISA Pathfinder’s measurement bandwidth. We find that if the gravity gradiometer on-board the spacecraft achieves its currently predicted sensitivity, these anomalous gradients could not just be detected, but measured in some detail.     

空间薄壁式伸展臂的展开仿真与卷曲方式研究

针对一种完全依靠自身弹性展开的空间柔性薄壁式伸展臂的展开动力学问题,基于Kirchhoff Love基本假设和广义胡克定律推导了伸展臂各部分壳体在展开前的应力计算公式,使用该公式对伸展臂的有限元模型进行预应力初始化,并采用显式时间积分方法对正向卷曲、反向卷曲和不紧密卷曲的空间薄壁式伸展臂的展开过程进行了动力学仿真,通过实验对仿真结果进行了验证。研究结果表明：应力计算公式可以正确地计算薄壁式伸展臂在展开前的应力状态,基于预应力初始化方法的显式动力学仿真可以较为准确地模拟空间薄壁式伸展臂的展开过程;反向卷曲的伸展臂在展开过程中出现了向固定段展开的现象,并且具有较高的初始应变能,不利于薄壁式伸展臂的空间应用,在设计中应选择正向卷曲的方式;不紧密卷曲的影响主要表现为卷曲段内层壳体易于从卷曲段侧边缘滑出,使伸展臂在展开过程中产生较大幅度扭转,而增大壳体材料的摩擦系数则可以有效避免这种现象。     

圆轨道航天器八面体编队构型轨道动力学分析

提出一个全新的八面体航天器编队构型,该构型体现出当前编队飞行多种轨道构型的特征,同时也适于作为空间演示试验的编队飞行模式。八面体编队构型的设计思路是基于C-W方程,轨道平面内沿航向编队构型可利用轨道动力学自然保持,正上方或正下方编队构型则需要依靠平面内控制来实现,垂直轨道平面的编队构型需要施加法向控制来实现。对基于C-W方程的悬停动力学模型进行了精度分析,最后以低轨道航天器的八面体编队构型为例进行了数学仿真验证。