浅谈空间光学遥感器稳像技术

文章首先分析了影响像稳定的因素,然后对几种常见的稳像技术的工作原理及其优缺点进行了介绍,在论述当前稳像技术发展现状及未来发展趋势的基础上,讨论开展综合稳像技术研究的必要性。     

A model of the effects of heavy ion radiation on human tissue

In heavy ion radiotherapy and space travel humans are exposed to energetic heavy ions (C, Si, Fe and others). This type of irradiation often produces more severe biological effects per unit dose than more common X-rays. A new Monte Carlo model generates a physical space with the complex geometry of human tissue or a cell culture based model of tissue, which is affected by the passage of ionizing radiation. For irradiation, the model relies on a physical code for the ion track structure; for tissues, cellular maps are derived from two- or three-dimensional confocal microscopy images using image segmentation algorithm, which defines cells as pixilated volumes. The model is used to study tissue-specific statistics of direct ion hits and the remote ion action on cells. As an application of the technique, we considered the spatial pattern of apoptotic cells after heavy ion irradiation. The pattern of apoptosis is modeled as a stochastic process, which is defined by the action cross section taken from available experimental data. To characterize the degree of apoptosis, an autocorrelation function that describes the spatial correlation of apoptotic cells is introduced. The values of the autocorrelation function demonstrate the effect of the directionality of the radiation track on the spatial arrangements of inactivated cells in tissue. This effect is intrinsic only to high linear-energy-transfer radiation.     

易于硬件实现的遥感图像两倍压缩算法

结合干涉多光谱遥感图像航天应用的要求,参考CCSDS标准无损压缩算法,提出了一种易于硬件实现的干涉多光谱遥感图像无损／近无损压缩算法。该算法在对12bit干涉多光谱图像进行2倍压缩时压缩性能与JPEG 2000标准算法相当,但算法复杂度和所需存储空间大大降低,在单片FPGA内部即可实现全部压缩功能,可以很好地满足航天应用的要求。     

Ku波段镜像抑制混频器的研制

介绍一种小型化Ku波段镜像抑制混频器设计方案,以单片无源双平衡混频器为基础,对主要关键电路射频正交耦合器、中频正交耦合器以及本振同相功分器进行电路优化设计及制作。在近1GHz的带宽内成功实现了镜像抑制大于20dB,插入损耗小于10dB,隔离度大于25dB的Ku波段无源镜像抑制混频器。实测结果表明,系统具有低损耗、高隔离度、高镜像抑制及高集成度的特点,在捷变频雷达、通信及遥测等系统中具有较好的应用前景。     

一种基于SPIHT算法的小波图像编码

在研究图像小波分解系数特点与SPIHT算法的基础上,针对SPIHT算法中三张链表在编码过程中以同一模式处理仍存在冗余,提出了一种基于SPIHT算法的小波图像编码。算法采用分区间处理,对LIP、LIS、LSP三张链表在不同的系数范围内采取不同的编码模式,当阈值减少时四邻域中同一量化级的重要系数个数明显增加,并且绝对数值较接近,编码时只保存这几个重要系数的平均值。给出了实验结果,并与原SPIHT算法比较,结果表明:文章给出的编码方法的编码性能优于原算法。     

CCSDS图像无损压缩标准在恒速信道中的应用研究

在CCSDS建议的无损数据压缩的基本原理上 ,结合基于局域纹理特征的处理方法 ,给出数据输入输出在恒速信道条件下一种有效的面向空间应用的遥感图像无损压缩方案。该方案包括去相关处理、熵编码以及压缩缓存控制三部分。去相关操作是在局域纹理分析方法的基础上 ,通过提取两种有效的预测模型并自适应选择最佳的模型进行处理 ;然后采用快速有效的CCSDS熵编码器对最佳去相关模型的预测误差编码。在压缩方案中充分考虑了输入输出恒速信道条件下应用的特殊性 ,设计了相应的压缩码流控制方法 ,从而给出了一套有效的针对恒速输入输出信道条件下的图像无损压缩的应用方案     

Effect of scavenge port angles on flow distribution and performance of swirl-loop scavenging in 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine

Swirl-Loop Scavenging (SLS) improves the performance of 2-stroke aircraft diesel engine because the involved swirl may not only benefit the scavenging process, but also facilitate the fuel atomization and combustion. The arrangement of scavenge port angles greatly influences in-cylinder flow distribution and swirl intensity, as well as the performance of the SLS engine. However, the mechanism of the effect and visualization experiment are rarely mentioned in the literature. To further investigate the SLS, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) experiment and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation are adopted to obtain its swirl distribution characteristics, and the effect of port angles on scavenging performance is discussed based on engine fired cycle simulation. The results illustrate that Reynolds Stress Turbulence model is accurate enough for in-cylinder flow simulation. Tangential and axial velocity distribution of the flow, as well as the scavenging performance, are mainly determined by geometric scavenge port angles α_geom and β_geom. For reinforcement of scavenging on cross-sections and meridian planes, α_geom value of 27° and β_geom value of 60° are preferred, under which the scavenging efficiency reaches as high as 73.7%. Excessive swirl intensity has a negative effect on SLS performance, which should be controlled to a proper extent.     

微小刀具同轴全息对刀方法研究

针对现有对刀方法存在的各种不足,提出了一种微小刀具的同轴全息对刀方法.在对全息成像原理和全息图像关键问题进行研究与分析的基础上,搭建了一套微细铣刀的全息对刀检测装置,并利用标准刀具在五轴加工中心进行了微细铣刀的对刀测量试验.试验结果表明:该对刀装置能够高效地进行微细铣刀的对刀检测,系统相对检测精度达5.1μm.在相同检...     

Structure and development of quiet loops in the solar corona

X-ray emission from solar coronal loops changes on two different timescales: a) flare loops and transient active region brightenings show a rapid variability, b) quiet region loops are quasi-steady and change only slowly with time. This different time behavior has been analyzed on the basis of Yohkoh SXT observations and we report here on the results from our analysis, mainly focussing on quiet loop variability.     

卫星多源遥感图像融合研究

卫星多源遥感图像融合技术可以综合利用多源信息,从而获得对同一目标更全面、更清晰、更准确的认识。文中简介卫星多源遥感图像融合系统所包含的三个过程,即预处理、图像融合、综合评价及应用;详细分析像素层、特征层和决策层三个不同融合层次的融合原理和方法;归纳融合效果的主客观评价标准和熵、平均梯度等六种评价指标;最后从空间配准模型、建立统一的数学融合模型、关联的二义性、数据融合方法与融合系统实施存在的问题、有效的评价准则等方面讨论了卫星多源遥感图像融合目前存在的问题,并对今后的发展趋势作出展望。