Direct position determination using single moving rotating linear array: Noncoherent and coherent processing

To improve the resolution and accuracy of Direct Position Determination (DPD), this paper investigates the problem of positioning multiple emitters directly with a single moving Rotating Linear Array (RLA). Firstly, the geometry of the RLA is formulated and analysed. According to its geometry, the intercepted noncoherent signals in multiple interception intervals are modeled. Correspondingly, the MUltiple SIgnal Classification (MUSIC) based noncoherent DPD approach is proposed. Secondly, the synchronous coherent pulse signals are individually considered and formulated. And the coherent DPD approach which aims for localizing this special type of signal is presented by stacking all array responses at different interception intervals. Besides, we also derive the constrained Cramér-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) expression for both noncoherent and coherent DPD with RLA under the constraint that the altitudes of the emitters are known. At last, computer simulations are included to examine the performance of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the localization accuracy and resolution of DPD with single moving linear array can be significantly improved by the array rotation. In addition, coherent DPD with RLA further improves the resolution and increases the maximum emitter number that can be localized compared with the noncoherent DPD with RLA.     

One-dimensional numerical investigation on multi-cylinder gasoline engine fueled by micro-emulsions,CNG, and hydrogen in dual fuel mode

This research work is the novel state-of-the-art technology performed on multi-cylinder SI engine fueled compressed natural gas, emulsified fuel, and hydrogen as dual fuel. This work predicts the overall features of performance, combustion, and exhaust emissions of individual fuels based on AVL Boost simulation technology. Three types of alternative fuels have been compared and analyzed. The results show that hydrogen produces 20% more brake power than CNG and 25% more power than micro-emulsion fuel at 1500 r/min, which further increases the brake power of hydrogen, CNG, and micro-emulsions in the range of 25%, 20%, and 15% at higher engine speeds of 2500–4000 r/min, respectively. In addition, the brake-specific fuel consumption is the lowest for 100% hydrogen, followed by CNG 100% and then micro-emulsions at 1500 r/min. At 2500–5000 r/min, there is a significant drop in brake-specific fuel consumption due to a lean mixture at higher engine speeds. The CO, HC, and NO_x emissions significantly improve for hydrogen, CNG, and micro-emulsion fuel. Hydrogen fuel shows zero CO and HC emissions and is the main objective of this research to produce 0% carbon-based emissions with a slight increase in NO_x emissions, and CNG shows 30% lower CO emissions than micro-emulsions and 21.5% less hydrocarbon emissions than micro-emulsion fuel at stoichiometric air/fuel ratio.     

GPS在卫星精密测轨中的应用

自从美国全球定位系统(GPS)试验系统建立以来,发展了各种各样的方法,利用GPS 测量来精密确定卫星轨道。在1984年,LANDSAT-5上装载一个GPSPAC 的仪器进行了飞行,以验证用GPS 定轨的精确度。1982年在美国喷气推进试验室((?)PL),为TOPEX 卫星研究了一种GPS 距离和距离变化率的双差分法,以满足其厘米级的精度要求。除GPS 对低轨地球卫星定轨应用外,有人也提出了用GPS 测量对高轨地球卫星甚至同步卫星的定轨方法及精度分析。文章对上述各种方法给以简要的介绍和评述。     

一种高精度夹具的设计原理

通过对定位精度高达２μｍ,又非常便捷装卸的瑞士ＥＲＯＷＡ夹具结构原理的介绍,以引起国内同行的关注,旨在推广应用于我国航空精密零件及工模具生产中,以期解决长期困惑我国的高位置精度问题。     

卫星天线双轴定位机构建模与仿真

卫星天线定位机构对控制天线的运动精确具有重要的意义。本文介绍了卫星点波束天线双轴定位机构的基本组成,建立了刚体动力学模型、仿真模型,并开发了仿真软件,对系统进行了仿真。     

缝纫/RFI层合板单钉连接性能试验研究

通过对不同铺层及不同缝纫角度的缝纫／RFI层合板的单钉单剪连接强度试验,了解到缝纫针脚位置对缝纫层合板机械连接性能有显著的影响。当针脚距离钉孔受挤压边缘较近时,缝纫层合板的挤压破坏强度低于普通的层合板,只有当针脚在钉孔挤压区外或距离钉孔受挤压边缘较远时,缝纫层合板才显示出好于普通层合板的机械连接性能。试验结果还表明铺层比对缝纫层合板的机械连接性能也有影响,其规律类似于普通层合板。     

脉冲展宽对深空激光通信的影响与补偿研究

深空激光通信系统下行链路的脉冲位置调制PPM（Pulse Position Modulation）信号在经过大气信道传输和单光子探测器接收时,将出现脉冲展宽效应,引起通信系统性能下降。分析了大气信道中的淡积云云层散射、大气湍流与气溶胶散射和单光子探测器的抖动特性所引起的脉冲展宽效应。在此基础上,仿真分析了淡积云云层物理厚度对不同PPM调制阶数下通信速率的影响,并研究了单光子探测器引起的脉冲展宽产生的抖动损失。为补偿脉冲展宽的影响,提出了一种基于时隙似然比解调的补偿方法,通过仿真验证了该方法能够有效降低深空PPM激光通信链路中脉冲展宽对通信误码率的影响。该研究对分析和提升深空PPM激光通信系统的链路性能具有一定的参考意义。     

基于位姿可达空间的太空机械臂容错路径规划

为了使太空机械臂在关节锁定故障后仍能继续完成后续任务,提出一种基于位姿可达空间的太空机械臂容错路径规划方法。基于牛顿-拉夫逊法计算太空机械臂关节人为限位,完成满足任务需求的退化工作空间求解,通过构造姿态可达度指标,在退化工作空间的基础上建立故障机械臂基坐标系下的位姿可达空间。通过在代价函数中增加最小奇异值代价项改进传统A^*算法,基于改进A^*算法在所建立的位姿可达空间内完成太空机械臂容错路径规划。所提方法综合了位姿可达空间与改进A^*算法各自的优势,实现了关节锁定故障太空机械臂同时满足避奇异与位姿可达要求的轨迹搜索。通过建立7自由度太空机械臂运动学模型开展数值仿真研究,仿真结果验证了所提容错路径规划方法的有效性。     

飞机前轮随滑行速度限偏的分析研究

飞机在起飞降落阶段前轮偏度过大会发生侧翻,应根据滑跑速度合理限制前轮的偏度。基于侧翻现象发生的原理,通过分析起飞降落阶段前轮偏转时飞机相对侧翻轴的合力矩,得到前轮极限滚动方向偏度;建立前轮滚动方向偏度和偏转角度的关系,计算起飞降落状态下各速度的前轮限偏角度以及考虑飞机螺旋桨不对称滑流的前轮中立位,得到前轮的偏转范围。结果表明：计算得到的前轮限偏范围符合前轮限偏的一般特性,能够防止侧翻的同时最大保留前轮纠偏能力。     

引气对跨声轴流压气机性能的影响

以单级跨声轴流压气机NASA Stage35为研究对象,根据影响转子和静子通道流动的主要物理现象分别设计了多种引气方案.通过数值模拟比较分析引气与不引气状态下压气机的详细流场,结合实验测量结果,研究转子机匣端壁引气位置以及静子机匣端壁引气量对压气机性能及流场的影响.结果表明:转子机匣端壁引气能够有效控制间隙泄漏流的发展,减小叶尖损失,提升压气机性能.不同的引气槽结构和轴向位置对间隙流动的影响机理不相同;静子机匣端壁引气能够有效减小静子叶排损失,提升压气机效率.