利用改正数信息的北斗三号实时精密单点定位及性能分析

北斗三号全球卫星导航系统已正式建成并开通服务。为了利用实时改正数信息系统地揭示北斗三号精密单点定位性能，并为用户提供理论依据和应用参考，首先解算了卫星实时精密轨道、钟差及其改正数，分析了其精度。然后基于实时改正数信息，利用监测站广播星历和观测数据，分别进行了双频静态、双频仿动态、单频静态和单频仿动态仿实时精密单点定位，以评估其性能。结果表明：北斗三号MEO卫星实时轨道和钟差精度均值分别约为12cm和0.2ns，满足实时精密单点定位需求。静态实时精密单点定位精度优于动态，双频优于单频，均可达到分米级。对于定位收敛时间，双频静态最短，约为40min；双频动态和单频静态均约为85min；单频动态最长，约为120min。     

"三工问题"与和谐城市的构建

我国国有企业,特别是大型国有企业的改制不到位,改革深层次矛盾日益突出,政治、社会领域的改革滞后以及法制不健全、监督机制不灵等原因直接导致我国城市中出现“三工问题”。“三工问题”是指由于工人下岗、工厂改制、工业调整所带来的经济社会问题,主要包括工人失业、权力腐败、分配不公、国有资产流失和被侵吞、群体事件、失地农民的安置等诸多经济社会问题,解决好这些问题直接关系到社会稳定和和谐城市的构建。现阶段应主要从完善社会保障、发展职业培训、健全权力制衡、调节收入分配、强化社会监督、化解社会矛盾、整顿工业园区、安置失地农民八个方面入手解决城市“三工问题”。     

基于BDS-2/BDS-3联合处理的北斗超快速钟差预报优化策略

针对北斗卫星导航系统(BDS)钟差预报产品无法满足高精度快速服务需求的现状，提出了一种基于BDS-2/BDS-3联合估计的超快速卫星钟差预报优化策略。区别于传统两步法预报模型，利用稀疏建模方法一步求解所有模型项，并通过BDS-2/BDS-3星间相关性实现了模型系数解的增强；为进一步降低模型残差的影响，基于残差序列时空相关性，利用半变异函数重构了模型估计的权阵。为验证提出的钟差预报模型，设计了12套对比方案，实验结果表明：基于稀疏建模的钟差模型参数一步估计可略微提高钟差预报精度；通过引入星间相关性对随机模型进行精化，钟差序列一步建模可分别将BDS-2与BDS-3卫星钟差18h预报精度提升28.6%与27.2%；基于半变异函数建模的模型残差相关性提取，可实现BDS-2与BDS-3预报钟差精度8.0%与11.1%的提升。因此，提出的优化策略对当前北斗超快速卫星钟差预报产品精化具有重要意义。     

流变铸造法制备Al_2O_（3P）／ZA4－3复合材料的研究

为提高模用锌合金ＺＡ４－３的性能，扩大其应用范围，本项工作采用流变铸造法成功地制备了性能稳定的Ａｌ２Ｏ３Ｐ／ＺＡ４－３复合材料。对该材料进行了弯曲强度、冲击韧性、压缩强度、硬度及耐磨性等性能试验，结果表明：Ａｌ２Ｏ３ｐ的加入，使锌合金的压缩强度、室温和高温硬度以及耐磨性明显提高，其弯曲强度略有降低，而其冲击韧性下降了　。最后还讨论了成形工艺参数、颗粒含量和颗粒直径对该复合材料性能的影响。     

环形燃烧室性能计算

在任意曲线坐标系下对包括扩压器和火焰筒在内的环形燃烧室三维两相反应流进行了数值模拟。燃烧室性能采用多维经验分析法估算所用的数学模型有 κ-ε,紊流模型 ,EBU -Arrhenius紊流燃烧室模型 ,六通量热辐射模型以及颗粒群轨道模型。在非交错网格体系下 ,气相采用 SIMPLE算法和液相采用 PSIC算法求解 ,通过两种工况和三种扩压器进口速度分布计算表明 ,所得的流场各气流参数分布和燃烧室性能较合理 ,本文所建立的程序可为燃烧室优化设计和研制提供有用数据。     

基于立体视觉的孔探分析系统及其应用

孔探分析在现代航空发动机故障诊断中一直发挥着重要的作用，开发基于立体视觉的孔探分析系统，对提高故障诊断水平和预测准确度，节约发动机维护成本有着重要的现实意义，系统利用立体视觉技术以及图像处理技术，完成了对双目视觉左右图像的标定和匹配，实现了对实体表面的三维测量和立体重建，本文介绍了基于立体视觉的孔探分析系统的基本原理与主要功能，并结合应用实例验证了系统的有效性。     

用Radon变换迭代法重建含有遮挡物的三维折射率场

本文通过计算机模拟研究，结合气体折射率场的光验知识．考查了将Ｒａｄｏｎ变换迭代法用于光学干涉层析计量含有遮挡物的三维折射率场的重建精度。作为一个应用实例，测量和计算了某一截面的气体温度分布，并与热电偶测量的值进行了比较。     

X-ray synchrotron nebulae and the origin of neutron stars

“With all reserve, we advance the view that a supernova represents the transition of an ordinary star into a neutron star.”This conclusion, reached just 50 years ago in a classic paper by Walter Baade and Fritz Zwicky (1934), was published three decades before the first direct observational evidence for the existence of neutron stars was uncovered. It still informs the standard picture of neutron star production in the Galaxy. We examine herein some recent evidence bearing on this question which has been derived from Observatory X-ray observations of supernova remnants and radio pulsars. In particular, the discovery that X-ray synchrotron nebulae are found surrounding most young ( 10⁶ yr) pulsars observed to date is discussed. We explore the implications of the lack of such nebulae in the majority of supernova remnants (SNR) for the properties and frequency of neutron star formation in supernova events.     

New multifrequency measurements of the spectrum of the cosmic background radiation

New measurements of the Cosmic Background Radiation temperature at 12 cm, 6.3 cm, 3 cm, 0.9 cm and 0.3 cm have made in July 1982 from the White Mountain High Altitude Research Station. The results are presented and the existence of spectral distortions discussed.     

Families of halo orbits in the elliptic restricted three-body problem for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices

Solar sail halo orbits designed in the Sun-Earth circular restricted three-body problem (CR3BP) provide inefficient reference orbits for station-keeping since the disturbance due to the eccentricity of the Earth’s orbit has to be compensated for. This paper presents a strategy to compute families of halo orbits around the collinear artificial equilibrium points in the Sun-Earth elliptic restricted three-body problem (ER3BP) for a solar sail with reflectivity control devices (RCDs). In this non-autonomous model, periodic halo orbits only exist when their periods are equal to integer multiples of one year. Here multi-revolution halo orbits with periods equal to integer multiples of one year are constructed in the CR3BP and then used as seeds to numerically continue the halo orbits in the ER3BP. The linear stability of the orbits is analyzed which shows that the in-plane motion is unstable while the out-of-plane motion is neutrally stable and a bifurcation is identified. Finally, station-keeping is performed which shows that a reference orbit designed in the ER3BP is significantly more efficient than that designed in the CR3BP, while the addition of RCDs improve station-keeping performance and robustness to uncertainty in the sail lightness number.