吸热型碳氢燃料用SAPO-34催化剂的合成与性能

采用三乙胺为有机模板剂，异丙醇铝为铝源，硅酸四乙酯为硅源，用水热法合成新型SAPO－34硅磷酸铝分子筛催化剂。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等方法对该新型催化剂的结构进行了分析，并研究了其热稳定性、表面组成及催化性能。实验结果表明，SAPO－34分子筛催化剂有高的不饱和烯烃选择性，说明是一类很有发展前景的吸热型碳氢燃料用的催化剂。     

带座舱飞船高超声速粘性绕流的分离形态及流场结构分析

通过求解薄层近似的Ｎａｖｉｅｒ－Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ方程，数值模拟了带座舱飞船高超声速粘性绕流，首次系统地给出了攻角为５°、１０°、２０°、３０°和４０°情况下的物面分离形态、横戴面流线形态、纵剖面流线形态以及旋涡沿涡轴的演变形态。分析和比较表明，本文采用数值可视化方法给出的流场拓扑结构与相应的拓扑规律完全吻合。在飞船后体流场横截面流线中，本文发现了稳定的极限环流态，该极限环涡心处沿涡轴方向的速度是超声速     

高超侧压式进气道参数分析及试验研究

分析了高超侧压式进气过第一、二溢流窗的溢流角随后掠角的变化规律，分析了溢流窗气流与主流相互作用而形成一道脱体曲面激波的原因，设计了侧压角为６°，后掠角３０°的直前缘及圆弧前缘两套高超侧压式进气道，在Ｍ５．３风洞中利用风洞壁面自然发展的附面层进行非均匀来流下进气道起动性能及总体性能试验，试验发现大量附面层吸入不仅对起动性能有重大影响，而且对总压恢复影响也极大。     

Busemann进气道风洞实验及数值研究

为了获得Busemann进气道的流场特性和总体性能，利用内锥形流场生成了设计马赫数为5．3，收缩比为8的具有乘波构形的Busemann进气道，对该进气道进行了数值模拟和Ma为5．3的吹风实验，实验测量了进气道内的沿程静压分布和出口截面的皮托压力，分析了进气道的压缩特性和乘波特性，获得了进气道的基本性能参数。实验结果表明：该进气道流量系数为0．58，出口马赫数1．4，总压恢复0．217，增压比37．6。     

多模态冲压发动机提高性能的技术途径

为了使高超声速冲压发动机在宽飞行条件下同时具有高比冲、高推力系数、高推重比，在讨论多模态冲压发动机的不同工作模态特性基础上，提出了改进进气道／燃烧室／尾喷管参数协调状态的技术途径。在固定几何的条件下，采用一体化设计内流通道，并巧妙地调节加热规律，使得在不同飞行条件下采用不同的优化工作模态，从而防止进气道出现亚 声速溢流或过度超临界，防止尾喷管产生膨胀过度或不足，防止燃烧室内的过度高温高压，并使冲量增量最大。此外，就国内外在研制过程中曾出现过经验教训及应引起关注的技术创新点进行了讨论。     

高超声速进气道再起动特性分析

1引言未来高超声速飞行器飞行必然要经历低马赫数飞行过程,因此高超声速进气道同样要面临低马赫数下的不起动问题,那么进气道一旦进入不起动,如何才能再起动?再起动的特征是怎样的呢?常规内压式进气道再起动过程中存在迟滞回路现象,高超声速进气道的再起动过程是否也有相似的现     

无人平台SLAM技术研究进展

作为一种定位与感知方法,同时定位与建图(SLAM)是实现无人平台导航制导与控制的关键技术。阐述了SLAM技术的发展历史、研究现状与应用场景,分析并介绍了SLAM原理及其算法实现。此外,总结了若干SLAM领域的研究热点,并对SLAM技术的发展趋势进行了展望。     

超视距雷达探测高超声速飞行器可行性分析

在前期开展再入飞行器RCS（雷达散射截面）特性试验和理论研究的基础上,对典型临近空间高超声速飞行器RCS特性开展了研究,分析了绕流和尾迹对飞行器本体RCS特性的影响。研究表明等离子体流场在头身部绕流、近尾尾迹和部分远尾尾迹的最大电子密度将远高于电离层最高电子密度,更高于典型天波超视距雷达工作频段对应的临界电子密度。因而等离子体尾迹将会对3~30 MHz频段电磁波产生较强的散射,使得等离子体尾迹的RCS远远大于飞行器本体的RCS。利用临近空间高超声速飞行器尾迹RCS的这一特点,有可能实现对临近空间高超声速飞行器的超视距探测。     

基于反馈线性化的高速无人机自适应控制系统设计

高速无人机是典型的复杂非线性、参数不确定性系统,且各控制通道之间存在强耦合作用,这对飞行控制系统设计提出了严峻挑战。针对其非线性特性和耦合特性,采用精确反馈线性化理论将无人机动力学模型解耦为3个独立的子系统,即滚转、俯仰和偏航通道;应用模型参考自适应控制方法分别设计每个通道的姿态控制器。研究表明,上述线性化方法能够实现三通道解耦,所设计控制系统满足飞行控制性能要求,且对气动参数摄动和外部干扰具有较强的鲁棒性。     

Experimental investigation on aero-heating of rudder shaft within laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers

The aero-heating of the rudder shaft region of a hypersonic vehicle is very harsh, as the peak heat flux in this region can be even higher than that at the stagnation point. Therefore, studying the aero-heating of the rudder shaft is of great significance for designing the thermal protection system of the hypersonic vehicle. In the wind tunnel test of the aero-heating effect, we find that with the increase of the angle of attack of the lifting body model, the increasement of the heat flux of the rudder shaft is larger under laminar flow conditions than that under turbulent flow conditions. To understand this, we design a wind tunnel experiment to study the effect of laminar/turbulent hypersonic boundary layers on the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the same wind tunnel freestream conditions. The experiment is carried out in the ?2 m shock tunnel(FD-14 A) affiliated to the China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center(CARDC). The laminar boundary layer on the model is triggered to a turbulent one by using vortex generators, which are 2 mm-high diamonds. The aero-heating of the rudder shaft(with the rudder) and the protuberance(without the rudder) are studied in both hypersonic laminar and turbulent boundary layers under the same freestream condition. The nominal Mach numbers are 10 and 12, and the unit Reynolds numbers are2.4 × 10~6 m~(-1) and 2.1 × 10~6 m-1. The angle of attack of the model is 20°, and the deflection angle of the rudder and the protuberance is 10°. The heat flux on the model surface is measured by thin film heat flux sensors, and the heat flux distribution along the center line of the lifting body model suggests that forced transition is achieved in the upstream of the rudder. The test results of the rudder shaft and the protuberance show that the heat flux of the rudder shaft is lower in the turbulent flow than that in the laminar flow, but the heat flux of the protuberance is the other way around,i.e., lower in the laminar flow than in the turbulent flow. The wind tunnel test results is also validated by numerical simulations. Our analysis suggests that this phenomenon is due to the difference of boundary layer velocities caused by different thickness of boundary layer between laminar and turbulent flows, as well as the restricted flow within the rudder gap. When the turbulent boundary layer is more than three times thicker than that of the laminar boundary layer, the heat flux of the rudder shaft under the laminar flow condition is higher than that under the turbulent flow condition. Discovery of this phenomenon has great importance for guiding the design of the thermal protection system for the rudder shaft of hypersonic vehicles.