附属小圆柱对主圆柱绕流影响的数值模拟

从小马赫数下的可压缩Navier-Stokes方程出发,采用覆盖网格分区算法,对在主圆柱尾流场的适当位置放置附属小圆柱时的流动特性及其对主圆柱绕流问题的影响进行了详细的数值模拟研究.根据模拟结果,主要探讨在小雷诺数范围内,附属小圆柱位置、个数、大小以及雷诺数变化等因素对主圆柱绕流的流场结构及其非定常演化过程的影响.计算结果表明,在小雷诺数范围内,无论附属小圆柱的个数如何,都存在最佳抑制区域.当附属小圆柱放在这个区域时,涡街被完全抑制,整个流场达到准定常状态;同时,阻力系数也显著下降.在一定程度上,随着小圆柱直径的增加,主圆柱涡脱落更易被抑制.另外,相对于单个附加小圆柱而言,使用两个附加小圆柱能使主圆柱涡脱落的抑制提高到更高的雷诺数.      

The verification of GNSS tropospheric tomography model in a mountainous area

The GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) has not been developed as a meteorological data source provider, but with a careful and sophisticated processing strategy it might be used as one. The term GNSS tomography refers to the usage of the ray traced GNSS signal as scanning rays in the tomographic model input. The model is divided into a number of voxels. The system is inverted and value of refractivity is obtained. Typically, as in the most of the inverse processing, there is a problem of the undetermined system and as a consequence the cofactor matrix is close to singular. To avoid singularity additional conditions or constrains should be added to the system. Here, additional parameters are derived with the help of the air flow analysis in the Sudety mountains (south-west region of Poland), and special Slant Wet Delay (SWD) trimming procedure. The flow’s synthetic parameters like the Bruint-Väisälä frequency and the Froude number are determined. This way the type of the flow is recognized and the analysis of the impact of orographic barrier has been quantified. The SWDs from the GNSS observations were tested against, SWD from raytracing through the COAMPS model field. The modified GNSS tomography model was tested for the real GNSS observations delivered from the GNSS network Karkonosze located in the Sudety mountains and compared with the COAMPS model. The solution shows a considerable improvement in comparison with plain tomographic model results.     

三维发动机进气道水滴撞击特性分析

用带数值扩散项的欧拉法对某型三维发动机进气道水滴撞击特性进行了研究.实现了可压流场中三维复杂形体的局部水滴收集系数的计算.数值扩散项的引入解决了欧拉法计算产生奇异结果发散的问题.通过对不同进气道流量的算例结果的比较,发现进气道流量对进气道唇口附近的水滴撞击区和撞击量都有影响.进气量大,最大局部水滴收集系数也大.通过对有无整流罩的计算结果进行比较,发现此型发动机整流罩对水滴撞击特性的影响很小.      

基于保障活动流程的装备群保障规模预测模型

为解决研制阶段装备群保障规模预测的问题,建立了基于保障活动流程的装备群保障规模预测模型.模型从装备群的使用任务入手,以研制阶段保障性分析和保障系统建模数据为输入,通过分析资源在保障活动中被占用或被消耗的定量关系,从占用型资源和消耗型资源两方面分别提供了由功能分析框图中各层保障活动的流程汇总保障活动资源需求的方法,对保障资源数量进行计算,进而依据这些资源的重量与体积参数预测装备群的保障规模.给出了某型机群保障规模预测的算例,验证了模型的合理性与工程适用性,能够为研制阶段装备保障的改进、系统部署性分析提供理论指导与技术支持.      

中心等离子体片的地向对流型高速流

在GSM坐标系下, 利用TC-1卫星和Cluster/C1卫星上4s分辨率的磁场和热离子探测数据, 对中心等离子体片内的地向对流型高速流进行了统计研究(-19 Re < x< -9 Re, |y| < 10 Re, |z|< 5 Re). 统计结果表明, 地向对流型高速流会在15 Re以内出现``刹车', 在11.5 Re附近时出现``缺失'. 进一步对其速度特征进行统计分析. 结果显示, 在中心等离子体片内的高速流, 其运动方向主要为地向, 晨昏和南北方向的运动明显较弱; 在对流型高速流的地向输运过程中, 其峰值速度没有明显的下降; 在近地13 Re以内, 等离子体片内的地向对流型高速流具有较强的垂直磁力线运动速度. 这意味着对流型高速流在近地15 Re以内的“刹车”不是由高速流晨昏或南北方向的偏转造成的. 高速流在11.5 Re附近时出现的``缺失'可能与在15 Re以内出现``刹车'密切相关. TC-1卫星和Cluster卫星的观测为了解中磁尾重联高速流地向输运过程及亚暴膨胀相触发提供了重要的观测依据.     

飞行员视觉信息流强度模拟及适人性分析

为了合理地确定飞行员在执行飞行任务时的视觉信息流强度,开发了飞机座舱显示界面仿真模型,以被试的正确反应率和反应时间来评价作业绩效.通过实验和数据分析得到以下结果:所建立的视觉信息流模型中视觉信息流强度曲线符合正态分布.不同的视觉信息量完成任务差异显著,信息量增加到一定程度时辨识变慢,出现错误的几率升高;在相同视觉信息量情况下,夜晚与白天、动态与静态执行任务辨识和绩效差异显著,白天要比夜晚、静态要比动态辨识效率和绩效更好.      

颈动脉内血流动力学特征受向前加速度影响的数值模拟

人们在日常或某些特殊条件下常会面临方向和大小发生迅速变化的加速度环境,已有研究发现加速度环境会影响心血管系统生理、病理特征。利用计算机模拟方法详细研究了向前加速度环境下人体颈动脉内的血流动力学参数变化规律。结果表明:加速度会对颈动脉内压力、压力梯度、壁面剪切应力等与血管生理、病理现象密切相关的血流动力学参数产生显著影响。研究结果为加速度环境下颈动脉生理、病理研究提供了一定的理论依据,也为航空航天领域加速度环境下人员防护提供参考。      

Prediction of shock-layer ultraviolet radiation for hypersonic vehicles in near space

A systemic and validated model was developed to predict ultraviolet spectra features from the shock layer of near-space hypersonic vehicles in the ‘‘solar blind" band region. Computational procedures were performed with 7-species thermal non-equilibrium fluid mechanics, finite rate chemistry, and radiation calculations. The thermal non-equilibrium flow field was calculated with a two-temperature model by the finite volume technique and verified against the bow-shock ultra-violet(BSUV) flight experiments. The absorption coefficient of the mixture gases was evaluated with a line-by-line method and validated through laboratory shock tube measurements. Using the line of sight(LOS) method, radiation was calculated from three BSUV flights at altitudes of 38,53.5 and 71 km. The investigation focused on the level and structure of ultraviolet spectra radiated from a NO band system in wavelengths of 200–400 nm. Results predicted by the current model show qualitative spatial agreement with the measured data. At a velocity of 3.5 km/s(about Mach11), the peak absolute intensity at an altitude of 38 km is two orders of magnitude higher than that at 53.5 km. Under the same flight conditions, the spectra structures have quite a similar distribution at different viewing angles. The present computational model performs well in the prediction of the ultraviolet spectra emitted from the shock layer and will contribute to the investigation and analysis of radiative features of hypersonic vehicles in near space.