冷却剂/氧化剂组合式SteamJet发动机特性

为了系统深入地研究冷却剂/氧化剂组合式射流预冷却涡轮发动机(SteamJet)的发动机特性,建立了射流预冷却的热交换系统计算、物性修正计算、发动机部件特性修正计算和含氧化剂的燃烧室计算的数学模型,在此基础上,建立了基于双轴混排加力式涡扇发动机的SteamJet发动机性能计算模型,并编制了相应的计算程序。初步设计了SteamJet发动机的最大加力状态控制规律,计算分析了SteamJet发动机在不同冷却剂/氧化剂配比下沿飞行轨道的特性,并据此提出了影响冷却剂/氧化剂配比选择的主要因素;对冷却剂/氧化剂组合式SteamJet发动机进行了高度速度特性的计算和分析。结果表明,与喷水预冷却的SteamJet发动机相比,冷却剂/氧化剂组合式SteamJet发动机具有更好的燃烧稳定性和推力特性,能够满足高超声速飞行的需求。     

洛仑兹力控制高超声速进气道边界层分离的数值模拟

采用空间HUE格式、时间LU-SGS推进、sst-kw湍流模型、多块结构网格程序,对磁流体动力学(Magnetohydrodynamic:MHD)控制高超声速二维进气道边界层分离进行了数值研究.研究发现,不施加控制时,数值模拟得到的壁面静压和实验结果符合良好,进气道喉道处分离区占据喉道高度的1/3左右.通过施加MHD控制,消除了进气道内部的边界层分离,总压恢复系数从0.502提高到0.56,喉道处流场畸变系数减小了18.6%.     

插板式畸变发生器后非均匀流场结构数值模拟

随着计算机技术和计算方法的迅速发展,三维非定常方法已经被直接用来求解非均匀进口条件下的压气机流场.但是考虑到网格数量和计算周期等因素,计算往往以压气机前作为进口,对进口畸变形式进行简化.然而这种简化与实际压气机进口非均匀特性存在一定出入,降低了数值模拟的准确性.为了尽可能真实地反映进口畸变形式,同时又不增加计算域的网格数,针对插板式畸变发生器制造的非均匀流场结构开展数值研究,分析了插板后不同位置的流场结构和畸变度,并研究了压气机前总压分布随插板深度和来流总压的变化规律,进而给出了压气机前总压分布形式的规律性描述.     

尖脊(Caret)进气道地面气动特性试验研究

在地面静止状态下试验研究了尖脊进气道气动特性以及唇口厚度对进气道性能影响 ,给出了进气道各侧壁沿程静压分布及其出口总压分布图谱 ,研究了进气口流动特点及其对出口总压畸变流场的影响。试验表明 ,Caret进气道进口存在一大一小的反向旋转涡 ,该旋涡的作用使得进气道高、低压区均旋转了 90°以上。进口下唇口和外唇口厚度对地面静止状态下的进气道总压恢复系数和总压畸变指数有较大的影响 ,为进气唇口厚度的选择提供了依据。     

一种新的蚁群算法及其在飞行器设计中的应用

尝试将蚁群算法引入飞行器优化设计领域,为此建立了适用于高维、多目标、多约束优化问题的连续空间蚁群算法,并以高超声速飞行器气动布局的多目标优化设计为例进行了验证.优化设计结果与采用遗传算法得到的优化结果进行了对比,指出了蚁群算法的优点.该研究可为蚁群算法应用于复杂、高维的大规模飞行器设计问题提供参考.      

Disturbance observer-based backstepping control for hypersonic flight vehicles without use of measured flight path angle

In this paper a nonlinear control method is proposed for the tracking control of hypersonic flight vehicles. The designed control laws do not utilize the measured flight path angle due to its inferior accuracy in practical engineering. For this, an estimated flight path angle is designed via the measurements of the altitude and velocity. A tracking differentiator is designed for constructing nonlinear disturbance observer which is used to estimate the model uncertainties including the parameter indeterminacies and external disturbances in the channels of velocity and pitch rate. A robust high-order differentiator is introduced to avoid the employment of the measured flight path angle and estimate the lumped disturbance in dynamics of flight path angle. Meanwhile, the possible saturation of the control inputs is considered and compensated by the auxiliary states. The boundness of closed-loop signals is proved through the Lyapunov theory. Comparative simulations are carried out and the results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

高超声速飞行器控制面热防护系统地面试验研究

针对高超声速飞行器控制面研发手段中极其重要的地面试验技术,以X-37轨道飞行器为例,介绍了国外的最新研究进展和关键技术解决途径,以及指导地面试验研究的方法,并针对控制面方案在评估和鉴定中必不可少的高温模态试验,进行了综述和分析。     

Experimental study of a controlled variable double-baffle distortion generator engine test rig

In order to explore the total-pressure distortion test assessment method for a turbofan engine, a Controlled Variable Double-Baffle Distortion Generator(CVDBDG) with a horizontal symmetry moving form was developed, which can adjust the steady-state and time–variant distortion separately in real time. The inlet total-pressure distortion test was conducted on an afterburner turbofan engine. The distortion parameters of CVDBDG and the instability characteristics of the engine were measured. The experimental data were modeled and analyzed by using back propagation artificial neural networks, and the work envelope of CVDBDG was obtained. Based on the analysis of the data on the engine's instability, the properties of CVDBDG used for the stability assessment were preliminarily evaluated. The results show that CVDBDG can simulate both steady-state and time–variant distortions simultaneously in a range determined by three envelopes.Under the condition of symmetric double baffles, a critical depth of insertion exists, beyond which the symmetric baffles will generate an asymmetric flow field. In the case of double baffles, compared to a single baffle, the engine exhibited different instability characteristics. Based on CVDBDG, it is expected that more efficient engine stability and durability assessment methods can be developed.     

基于高斯伪谱法的吸气式高超声速飞行器爬升弹道优化研究

吸气式高超声速飞行器爬升弹道设计是其总体设计的一个重要问题。这里提出一种基于高斯伪谱法的弹道优化方法,用于解决该问题。以末端弹道倾角为性能指标,飞行攻角为设计变量,建立了飞行器纵平面弹道优化模型。通过高斯伪谱法对状态变量和控制变量进行离散,将最优控制问题转化为非线性规划问题,再利用序列二次规划算法对其进一步求解。仿真结果表明,该方法收敛域大,对初值不敏感,设计精度高,是吸气式高超声速飞行器方案弹道优化的重要方法。     

高速飞行器用射流预冷却涡轮基发动机性能模拟

根据预冷却涡轮基发动机的工作机理,建立了考虑变比热的计算预冷却涡轮基发动机性能的数学模型,编制了相应的计算软件;并以某小型涡喷发动机为例,沿飞行轨迹计算分析了射流预冷却对发动机性能的影响。从计算结果可以看出,采用喷流预冷却方式,可以大大扩展常规涡轮喷气发动机的工作范围,能够满足高速飞行器或两级入轨飞行器第一级动力装置的要求。