Fault-tolerant control with mixed aerodynamic surfaces and RCS jets for hypersonic reentry vehicles

This paper proposes a fault-tolerant strategy for hypersonic reentry vehicles with mixed aerodynamic surfaces and reaction control systems (RCS) under external disturbances and subject to actuator faults. Aerodynamic surfaces are treated as the primary actuator in normal situations, and they are driven by a continuous quadratic programming (QP) allocator to generate torque com-manded by a nonlinear adaptive feedback control law. When aerodynamic surfaces encounter faults, they may not be able to provide sufficient torque as commanded, and RCS jets are activated to augment the aerodynamic surfaces to compensate for insufficient torque. Partial loss of effective-ness and stuck faults are considered in this paper, and observers are designed to detect and identify the faults. Based on the fault identification results, an RCS control allocator using integer linear programming (ILP) techniques is designed to determine the optimal combination of activated RCS jets. By treating the RCS control allocator as a quantization element, closed-loop stability with both continuous and quantized inputs is analyzed. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.     

A hybrid lattice Boltzmann flux solver for integrated hypersonic fluid-thermal-structural analysis

In this paper, a hybrid Lattice Boltzmann Flux Solver (LBFS) with an improved switch function is proposed for simulation of integrated hypersonic fluid-thermal-structural problems. In the solver, the macroscopic Navier–Stokes equations and structural heat transfer equation are discretized by the finite volume method, and the numerical fluxes at the cell interface are reconstructed by the local solution of the Boltzmann equation. To compute the numerical fluxes, two equilibrium distribution functions are introduced. One is the D1Q4 discrete velocity model for calculating the inviscid flux across the cell interface of Navier–Stokes equations, and the other is the D2Q4 model for evaluating the flux of structural energy equation. In this work, a new dual thermal resistance model is proposed to calculate the thermal properties at the fluid–solid interface. The accuracy and stability of the present hybrid solver are validated by simulating several numerical examples, including the fluid-thermal-structural problem of cylindrical leading edge. Numerical results show that the present solver can accurately predict the thermal properties of hypersonic fluid-thermal-structural problems and has the great potential for solving fluid-thermal-structural problems of long-endurance high-speed vehicles.     

嵌入式大气数据测量系统技术研究进展

针对高超声速飞行器大气数据测量问题，对嵌入式大气数据测量系统(FADS)技术研究背景、发展历程、国内外研究现状等进行了概括。重点围绕FADS关键技术、FADS解算算法及面向FADS/INS组合测量系统信息融合算法方面，对FADS技术进行了深入的剖析。最后，展望了FADS技术未来的发展方向及应用前景。     

A parameterized geometry design method for inward turning inlet compatible waverider

Intensive studies have been carried out on generations of waverider geometry and hypersonic inlet geometry. However, integration efforts of waverider and related air-intake system are restricted majorly around the X43A-like or conical flow field induced configuration, which adopts mainly the two-dimensional air-breathing technology and limits the judicious visions of developing new aerodynamic profiles for hypersonic designers. A novel design approach for integrating the inward turning inlet with the traditional parameterized waverider is proposed. The proposed method is an alternative means to produce a compatible configuration by linking the off-the-shelf results on both traditional waverider techniques and inward turning inlet techniques. A series of geometry generations and optimization solutions is proposed to enhance the lift-to-drag ratio. A quantitative but efficient aerodynamic performance evaluation approach （the hypersonic flow panel method） with lower computational cost is employed to play the role of objective function for opti- mization purpose. The produced geometry compatibility with a computational fluid dynamics （CFD） solver is also verified for detailed flow field investigation. Optimization results and other numerical validations are obtained for the feasibility demonstration of the proposed method.     

高超侧压式进气道高焓脉冲风洞实验

为验证一种双楔顶压、侧板中置的侧压式进气道基本性能,设计了一套进口面积为110mm×91mm的双流道试验模型,并在300mm马赫数6的高焓脉冲风洞中进行了吹风实验。实验测量了进气道和隔离段内的沿程静压分布和隔离段进出口截面的皮托压力分布,分析了进气道内的典型流场特征,获得了进气道的基本性能参数,并以马赫数的测量为例阐述了流场不均匀性对测量结果可能造成的影响。实验结果表明,马赫数6来流条件下,该侧压式进气道流量系数为0.83,隔离段出口平均马赫数为2.57,总压恢复系数为0.296,增压比为23.7,表明这种侧压式进气道的气动布局方式能够获得较好的总体性能。     

吸热型碳氢燃料用SAPO-34催化剂的合成与性能

采用三乙胺为有机模板剂，异丙醇铝为铝源，硅酸四乙酯为硅源，用水热法合成新型SAPO－34硅磷酸铝分子筛催化剂。通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、红外光谱等方法对该新型催化剂的结构进行了分析，并研究了其热稳定性、表面组成及催化性能。实验结果表明，SAPO－34分子筛催化剂有高的不饱和烯烃选择性，说明是一类很有发展前景的吸热型碳氢燃料用的催化剂。     

高超侧压式进气道参数分析及试验研究

分析了高超侧压式进气过第一、二溢流窗的溢流角随后掠角的变化规律，分析了溢流窗气流与主流相互作用而形成一道脱体曲面激波的原因，设计了侧压角为６°，后掠角３０°的直前缘及圆弧前缘两套高超侧压式进气道，在Ｍ５．３风洞中利用风洞壁面自然发展的附面层进行非均匀来流下进气道起动性能及总体性能试验，试验发现大量附面层吸入不仅对起动性能有重大影响，而且对总压恢复影响也极大。     

Busemann进气道风洞实验及数值研究

为了获得Busemann进气道的流场特性和总体性能，利用内锥形流场生成了设计马赫数为5．3，收缩比为8的具有乘波构形的Busemann进气道，对该进气道进行了数值模拟和Ma为5．3的吹风实验，实验测量了进气道内的沿程静压分布和出口截面的皮托压力，分析了进气道的压缩特性和乘波特性，获得了进气道的基本性能参数。实验结果表明：该进气道流量系数为0．58，出口马赫数1．4，总压恢复0．217，增压比37．6。     

多模态冲压发动机提高性能的技术途径

为了使高超声速冲压发动机在宽飞行条件下同时具有高比冲、高推力系数、高推重比，在讨论多模态冲压发动机的不同工作模态特性基础上，提出了改进进气道／燃烧室／尾喷管参数协调状态的技术途径。在固定几何的条件下，采用一体化设计内流通道，并巧妙地调节加热规律，使得在不同飞行条件下采用不同的优化工作模态，从而防止进气道出现亚 声速溢流或过度超临界，防止尾喷管产生膨胀过度或不足，防止燃烧室内的过度高温高压，并使冲量增量最大。此外，就国内外在研制过程中曾出现过经验教训及应引起关注的技术创新点进行了讨论。     

高超声速进气道再起动特性分析

1引言未来高超声速飞行器飞行必然要经历低马赫数飞行过程,因此高超声速进气道同样要面临低马赫数下的不起动问题,那么进气道一旦进入不起动,如何才能再起动?再起动的特征是怎样的呢?常规内压式进气道再起动过程中存在迟滞回路现象,高超声速进气道的再起动过程是否也有相似的现