波音737-300型飞机与A320系列飞机前轮转弯控制原理的比较分析

通过对比分析波音737-300和A321机型的前轮转弯控制原理,阐述机械-液压控制和电传控制两种前轮转弯方式的优缺点,为分析转弯机构出现的疑难故障提供了理论基础.     

粘度单位的换算

介绍了动力粘度，运动粘度，条件粘度的国际单位制、物理单位制以及相互之间的换算关系。     

空客A330飞机CBMU数据库客户化及其工程管理的实现

CBMU是A330飞机电源系统中一个关键组件，负责监控电子、机械多个章节系统的跳开关状态。对于CBMU数据库软件构型的管理，通常是根据具体的硬件改装工作，由相关专业系统工程师自行控制。该方式容易导致CBMU数据库软件构型变更管理失控，严重时会影响到飞行安全。本文旨在分析梳理传统管理模式的基础上，结合实际经验，探讨构建一种新的管理模式，以达到有效管理CBMU数据库软件构型的目的。     

AHP中判断矩阵元素最优估计值的误差分析

在AHP模型中，请一组专家对某一属性进行评价，通过适当的数学处理方法，可得判断矩阵元素的最优估计值，并根据残差来确定所求估计值是否达到精度要求，若不符合精度要求则需返还给专家进行重新评估。这是AHP中构造判断矩阵的一种新方法。     

Use of human wastes oxidized to different degrees in cultivation of higher plants on the soil-like substrate intended for closed ecosystems

To close mass exchange loops in bioregenerative life support systems more efficiently, researchers of the Institute of Biophysics SB RAS (Krasnoyarsk, Russia) have developed a procedure of wet combustion of human wastes and inedible parts of plants using H₂O₂ in alternating electromagnetic field. Human wastes pretreated in this way can be used as nutrient solutions to grow plants in the phototrophic unit of the LSS. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibilities of using human wastes oxidized to different degrees to grow plants cultivated on the soil-like substrate (SLS). The treated human wastes were analyzed to test their sterility. Then we investigated the effects produced by human wastes oxidized to different degrees on growth and development of wheat plants and on the composition of microflora in the SLS. The irrigation solution contained water, substances extracted from the substrate, and certain amounts of the mineralized human wastes. The experiments showed that the human wastes oxidized using reduced amounts of 30% H₂O₂: 1 ml/g of feces and 0.25 ml/ml of urine were still sterile. The experiments with wheat plants grown on the SLS and irrigated by the solution containing treated human wastes in the amount simulating 1/6 of the daily diet of a human showed that the degree of oxidation of human wastes did not significantly affect plant productivity. On the other hand, the composition of the microbiota of irrigation solutions was affected by the oxidation level of the added metabolites. In the solutions supplemented with partially oxidized metabolites yeast-like microscopic fungi were 20 times more abundant than in the solutions containing fully oxidized metabolites. Moreover, in the solutions containing incompletely oxidized human wastes the amounts of phytopathogenic bacteria and denitrifying microorganisms were larger. Thus, insufficiently oxidized sterile human wastes added to the irrigation solutions significantly affect the composition of the microbiological component of these solutions, which can ultimately unbalance the system as a whole.     

改进型测功机油门执行器的研制

在发动机试验中突然停电，极易发生发动机飞车事故，为解决此问题，研制了改进型测功机油门执行器。本文介绍了改进型测功机油门执行器的研制方法、工作原理及消除发动机飞车事故的的原理。试验证明，改进型测功机油门执行器工作安全可靠。     

High-efficiency aircraft antiskid brake control algorithm via runway condition identification based on an on-off valve array

The aircraft antiskid braking system is an important hydraulic system for preventing tire bursts and ensuring safe take-off and landing. The brake system adjusts the force applied on the brake discs by controlling the brake pressure. Traditional aircraft antiskid braking systems achieve antiskid performance by controlling the braking pressure with an electrohydraulic servo valve. Because the pilot stage of an electrohydraulic servo valve is easily blocked by carbonized hydraulic oil, the servo valve would become a dangerous weak point for aircraft safety. This paper proposes a new approach that uses an on-off valve array to replace the servo valve for pressure control. Based on this new pressure control component, an efficient antiskid control algorithm that can utilize this discontinuous feature is proposed. Furthermore, the algorithm has the ability to identify the runway circumstances. To overcome the discontinuity in the process of using an on-off valve array, the Filippov framework is introduced. The conditions of convergence of the system are also discussed. The results of the digital simulations and the hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) braking experiments are used to verify the efficiency and stability of the proposed control algorithm. The method also proves that the on-off valve array can replace the servo valve perfectly as a new type of antiskid braking pressure control component.     

Performance optimization of grooved slippers for aero hydraulic pumps

A computational fluid dynamics(CFD) simulation method based on 3-D Navier–Stokes equation and Arbitrary Lagrangian–Eulerian(ALE) method is presented to analyze the grooved slipper performance of piston pump.The moving domain of grooved slipper is transformed into a fixed reference domain by the ALE method,which makes it convenient to take the effects of rotate speed,body force,temperature,and oil viscosity into account.A geometric model to express the complex structure,which covers the orifice of piston and slipper,vented groove and the oil film,is constructed.Corresponding to different oil film thicknesses calculated in light of hydrostatic equilibrium theory and boundary conditions,a set of simulations is conducted in COMSOL to analyze the pump characteristics and effects of geometry(groove width and radius,orifice size) on these characteristics.Furthermore,the mechanics and hydraulics analyses are employed to validate the CFD model,and there is an excellent agreement between simulation and analytical results.The simulation results show that the sealing land radius,orifice size and groove width all dramatically affect the slipper behavior,and an optimum tradeoff among these factors is conducive to optimizing the pump design.     

3R-3URU可展单元机构及其在构架式可展天线中的应用

提出了一种空间单自由度(DOF)可展单元机构3R-3URU。首先,基于螺旋理论和修正的G-K公式分析了RURUR单闭环机构的自由度,建立了该机构中主动关节和被动关节速度之间的解析关系式,基于此关系式和3个RURUR机构共用首尾转动副的结构特点推导了3R-3URU单元机构的自由度,得到了3R-3URU机构具有1个自由度时各运动副的方向和位置满足的几何关系式。其次,将3R-3URU机构应用于3RR-3RRR四面体可展单元及其组成的球面构架式可展天线中,得到了具有收拢和调姿两种自由度的新型可展机构。最后,利用Adams软件对3R-3URU可展单元机构的自由度和其在四面体构架式可展天线中的应用进行了仿真验证。该3R-3URU可展单元机构具有单自由度、铰链种类少、结构简单等优点,可用于曲面构架式可展天线的支撑机构中,实现大折叠比。     

天津市宏观税收负担问题实证分析

采用计量分析方法对天津市1978～2005年数据区间的财政收入与经济总量、宏观税负与经济增长之间的关系进行研究。在结合天津市经济发展、税收增长、产业结构变化等实际情况的基础上，试图通过揭示变量之间的数量关系来印证和探寻天津市宏观税负与地区经济发展之间的关系。发现改革开放以来，天津总体税负适度，宏观税负呈下降趋势，但滨海新区的开发将为天津提供充足的税源，因而宏观税负会有所回升；20世纪90年代以来，天津第三产业发展迅速，第三产业对经济的贡献度与宏观税负的变化呈正向反应机制，而第二产业对GDP的贡献比重总体呈下降趋势；与其他直辖市相比，天津的宏观税负水平居于中游。