Human Mission from Planet Earth: finding a rationale for exploration of the Moon and Mars

This paper advances scenarios for an evolutionary approach to the establishment of a Human Mission from Planet Earth involving exploration and utilization of the Moon and Mars. Of critical importance are the concepts of robotic–human and Moon–Mars synergies. The paper discusses the rationale variables that have an influence on types of space activities pursued and thus the policy that leads to particular scenarios. In this regard, the technological, scientific, and sociopolitical/socioeconomic impacts and consequences related to a Human Mission from Planet Earth are examined.     

Increased BLSS closure using mineralized human waste in plant cultivation on a neutral substrate

The purpose of this work was to study the full-scale potential use of human mineralized waste (feces and urine) as a source of mineral elements for plant cultivation in a biological life support system (BLSS). Plants that are potential candidates for a photosynthesizing link were grown on a neutral solution containing human mineralized waste. Spring wheat Triticum aestivum L., peas Pisum sativum L. Ambrosia cultivar and leaf lettuce Lactuca sativa L., Vitaminny variety, were used. The plants were grown hydroponically on expanded clay aggregates in a vegetation chamber in constant environmental conditions. During plant growth, a determined amount of human mineralized waste was added daily to the nutrient solution. The nutrient solution remained unchanged throughout the vegetation period. Estimated plant requirements for macro-elements were based on a total biological productivity of 0.04 kg day⁻¹ m⁻². As the plant requirements for potassium exceeded the potassium content of human waste, a water extract of wheat straw containing the required amount of potassium was added to the nutrient solution. The Knop’s solution was used in the control experiments.     

上市公司信息披露质量的影响因素——深圳股市面板数据的实证研究

以深圳股票市场2001-2004年的1958家上市公司的面板数据为研究样本，运用实证分析的方法，检验上市公司信息披露质量的影响因素。实证结果显示：信息披露质量与第一大股东持股比例、资产规模、净资产收益率以及审计意见正相关，而与资产负债率负相关；设立审计委员会的公司的信息披露质量较高。     

乡镇财政风险的外部因素分析及对策

乡镇财政风险影响着基层政权的正常运转与稳定，是制约地方经济发展，关系社会稳定的重大问题。近几年，随着我国农村税费改革的推进，乡镇财政潜伏的风险和隐患也日益增多。文章仅就造成乡镇财政风险的外部因素进行了分析，并提出了规范政府行为、完善财税管理体制、提高财政资源使用效率等对策建议。     

航空研制项目技术风险评估模型研究

针对航空研制项目技术风险大的特点,从设计与分析、制造、软件开发、试验与评定和使用5个方面出发,构建了航空研制项目技术风险评估模型。该模型可作为航空研制项目转阶段决策参考的辅助工具。     

Simulation analysis for effects of bone loss on acceleration tolerance of human lumbar vertebra

The purpose of the present study was to analyze and predict the changes in acceleration tolerance of human vertebra as a result of bone loss caused by long-term space flight. A human L3–L4 vertebra FEM model was constructed, in which the cancellous bone was separated, and surrounding ligaments were also taken into account. The simulation results demonstrated that bone loss has more of an effect on the acceleration tolerance in x-direction. The results serve to aid in the creation of new acceleration tolerance standards, ensuring astronauts return home safely after long-term space flight. This study shows that more attention should be focused on the bone degradation of crew members and to create new protective designs for space capsules in the future.     

太阳黑子与疾病的统计关系

本文采用太阳黑子相对数作为太阳活动指标,根据最近20多年的太阳活动观测数据和江苏省防疫站的疾病统计资料,对9种常见疾病的人数的相对比率与太阳黑子相对数对应作图比较,分析二者之间的关系,并求出其相关系数.研究发现,猩红热、肝炎和脊髓灰质炎的发病率与太阳活动有一定的相关性,特别是猩红热,相关系数达到0.72,相关性很好.      

GC－4高强度钢化学短裂纹特性研究

采用恒ΔＫ法对ＧＣ－４钢在３．５％ＮａＣｌ溶液中化学短裂纹特性进行了试验研究。结果表明：恒ΔＫ时裂纹扩展的ｄａ／ｄＮ－ａ曲线存在临界裂纹尺寸ａ。当ａ＜ａ时,显示化学短裂纹效应。ａ值几乎不受加载频率、应力比和ΔＫ水平的影响;化学短裂纹特征扩展速率与长裂纹扩展速率之比是各种力学参量的弱函数。依据分析给出化学短裂纹扩展速率与裂纹尺寸之间的关系。     

含不等长双裂纹无限大板应力强度因子

采用交替法求解了含任意相对位置不等长双裂纹的无限大极受均布拉应力作用的应力强度因子。此法以平面弹性力学的一个问题为基础,即含单裂纹无限大板,裂纹面受集中载荷,此问题的解已知,然后交替地满足边界条件。各种计算结果已绘成曲线。