返回舱入水冲击数值建模与响应分析

用仿真方法对返回舱入水冲击问题进行了研究,建立三维有限元模型。分别对返回舱以不同速度、不同质量入水的情况进行了计算,通过对计算结果的分析发现,冲击压力曲线能较好地和文献中的试验曲线相吻合,证实了仿真计算的可行性。     

热色液晶定量测热显示技术

简要介绍了热色液晶定量测热显示技术的特点和实施方法。给出了在等熵压缩管炮风洞中进行的测热实验的初步分析结果。     

零件近净成形新工艺——差温无模锻造热力耦合有限元模拟分析

以AIS1045钢圆柱体在环形加热源局部加热下的差温无模锻造为例，利用热力耦合有限元方法模拟其成形过程。模拟结果表明，差温无模锻造作为零件近净成形的一种新工艺是可行的。差温无模锻造成形的关键是要获得和控制金属坯料内部适宜的不均匀分布温度场，加热环和冷却环的适当组合可以获得成形所需的温度分布花样。在快速变形方式下，变形前的温度分布花样基本上决定了金属的流动模式，变形过程的持续加热对其影响甚微；在慢速变形方式下，变形过程的持续加热对金属的流动模式产生一定的影响。     

电镀含铬废水处理工艺研究

本文通过对含铬废水高效处理剂的研究，使电镀含铬废水处理工艺与电 镀生产工艺融为一体，实现电镀含铬废水槽边循环，改变了传统的电镀含铬废水先污染后的治理的末端治理工艺，无环保投资，有明显的经济效益与环境效益。     

Investigation of hot jet on active control of oblique detonation waves

The hot jet injection is utilized to actively control the oblique detonation wave, such as initiating and stabilizing an oblique detonation wave at a desired position that is shorter than the length of induction zone, and adjust the height of the oblique detonation wave at the exit of combustor when the oblique detonation wave engine is working on off-design flight conditions. The fifth order Weighted Essentially Non-Oscillatory (WENO) scheme and a two-step reversible reaction mechanism of the stoichiometric H₂/Air are adopted in the simulations. With the help of hot jet injection, the transition from inert oblique shock wave to the oblique detonation wave immediately occurs near the position of hot jet injection, and consequently the length of combustor can be reduced. The angle of oblique detonation wave also decreases as the hot jet injection approaches the nose of wedge. Additionally, the height of the oblique detonation wave at the exit of combustor can be flexibly adjusted, and also depends on the injection position and the strength of the hot jet. If the velocity of the hot jet is too weak to directly trigger the overall oblique detonation wave at the position of injection, increasing the injection pressure will improve the strength of the hot jet and results in a successful transition.     

基于重力方向影响的低压涡轮叶片 水流量测量数值计算

为分析叶片摆放方向(重力)对某型发动机低压涡轮转子叶片水流量测量的影响,对某低压涡轮转子叶片(2种内腔冷却结构)在4种不同重力方向作用下的水流量进行数值计算。结果表明:重力方向对水流量测量结果的影响可以忽略。针对第1种内腔冷却结构的叶片,将测量设备进口引流管路加入计算模型,分别计算4种不同重力方向作用下的水流量。结果表明:在不同工况下由该测量设备引流管路导致的水流量测量结果变化很小,可以忽略不计。将计算结果及实测数据分别与测量标准要求进行对比分析,数据拟合度较好。     

Ultraviolet 3D digital image correlation applied for deformation measurement in thermal testing with infrared quartz lamps

In thermal-structural testing of hypersonic materials and structures, deformation measurement on the front surface of an object directly heated by quartz lamps is highly necessary and very challenging. This work describes a novel front-surface high-temperature deformation measurement technique, which adopts ultraviolet 3D digital image correlation (UV 3D-DIC) to observe and measure the high-temperature deformation fields on front surfaces directly heated by quartz lamps. Compared with existing blue light DIC techniques, the established UV 3D-DIC, which combines UV CCD camera, active UV illumination and bandpass filter imaging, can effectively suppress the strong disturbing light emitted by the quartz lamps and the heated sample itself during heating process. Two experiments were carried out to verify the robustness and accuracy of the developed technique: (1) direct observation of front surfaces of a hypersonic thermal structure sample heated from room temperature to 1050 °C, and (2) front-surface thermal stain and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) measurement of an Inconel 718 sample up to 800 °C. The well matched strain and CTE results with literature data show that UV 3D-DIC system is an effective technique for front-surface deformation measurement and has great potential in characterizing deformation response of hypersonic materials and structures subjected to transient aerodynamic heating.     

跨声速涡轮轮缘复合封严结构的数值研究

为了保护航空发动机涡轮盘,阻止高温燃气向盘腔内部深入,破坏核心部件,通常将压气机冷气引入转静盘腔,以抵抗高温燃气入侵,并对涡轮部件进行冷却。本文利用非稳态与稳态数值计算方法,研究了跨声速涡轮设计工况(Reφ＞107)下的两种复合封严结构：静盘存在封严环的覆叠封严和动盘带封严齿的咬合封严结构,并与轴向封严结构进行对比。在本文所研究的范围内,对非稳态计算进行快速傅里叶变换(FFT)的结果表明：跨声速涡轮流动中,叶栅通道存在由激波引起的高压区,导致了燃气的剧烈入侵,因此在特征信号频谱中f/fblade=2处存在峰值,这是跨声速涡轮燃气入侵最显著的特点。稳态计算证明复合封严结构封严性能良好。静盘封严环将盘腔分割为上下两个容腔,入侵容腔滞留了绝大部高温燃气,因此高半径处封严效率较低,但盘腔低半径处封严效率明显提高,在Cw≈996时,两种复合封严结构在r/b=0.96以下都能达到很高的封严效率。咬合封严能够增加燃气流动阻力,有效减小封严冷气使用量。但是两种封严结构在当冷气流量系数从Cw=199逐渐增大到2000时,高半径处封严效率并没有明显的提高,封严效率仅提高了20%~30%。     

圆台形红外加热笼仿真优化研究

在真空热试验中,圆台形航天器通常选用圆台形的红外加热笼作为外热流模拟装置。文章对圆台形红外加热笼模拟热流进行仿真计算,分别就红外加热笼与被加热面的平行距离对边缘效应的影响和红外笼的锥角对边缘效应的影响进行分析,得到红外加热笼优化设计方法,以提高航天器表面热流密度模拟的均匀性。该方法可用于指导圆台形航天器进行真空热试验时的工装设计。     

Effects of flow parameters on thermal performance of an inner-liner anti-icing system with jets impingement heat transfer

The multiple jets impingement heat transfer is widely applied in the wing anti-icing system. It is challenging to apply the similarity criterion to carry out the anti-icing experiments due to the complex flow and heat transfer behavior. In the present study, the full-scale slat model is used to carry out anti-icing experimental researches in a 2 m × 3 m icing wind tunnel of China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center. The effects of icing parameters Liquid Water Content (LWC) and Median Volume Diameter (MVD) and hot air parameters (mass flow rate and temperature) on the thermal performance of an inner-liner anti-icing system with jets impingement heat transfer are studied. The effects of the experimental parameters are analyzed in detail by combining impingement and evaporation heat transfer mechanisms. The impingement hot air mass flow rate dramatically affects the heat transfer performance of the impingement stagnation region within the range of the experimental parameters. The temperature of impingement hot air and that of wing skin are approximately linear correlated. The experimental results show the effects of LWC and MVD on water film formation and runback ice accretion. The formation of water film is analyzed by an analytical method based on the wing skin temperature difference of dry and wet air conditions.