蜂窝夹芯挖补修理结构弯曲性能研究

从试验及有限元2个方面对复合材料蜂窝夹芯挖补修理结构的弯曲性能进行研究。通过3点弯曲试验对无损及修理件弯曲性能进行测试,试验结果表明,蜂窝夹芯结构破坏模式为典型的蜂窝剪切破坏,修理件相比于无损件弯曲强度恢复率为110%,修理后结构弯曲刚度也略高于无损件;基于试验结果建立三维有限元模型对蜂窝夹芯修理结构的弯曲性能进行研究,通过用户自定义子程序VUSDFLD编写Hashin失效准则、基于应力的Besant失效准则,实现复合材料面板及蜂窝芯子2种材料的损伤起始及演化。数值模型得到的破坏模式、破坏载荷及弯曲刚度均与试验结果吻合得较好;改变有限元模型参数,研究损伤直径及补片厚度对修理后弯曲性能影响,结果表明,随着损伤直径从30~70 mm逐渐增加,修理件强度先增加后减小,并在损伤直径为50 mm时取得最大值,此外,补片厚度为1~2.5 mm时弯曲强度恢复率高于100%;本文为复合材料蜂窝夹芯结构的修理设计提供了可靠的数值模拟方法。      

Panel/full-span free-wake coupled method for unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blade

A full-span free-wake method is coupled with an unsteady panel method to accurately predict the unsteady aerodynamics of helicopter rotor blades in hover and forward flight. The unsteady potential-based panel method is used to consider aerodynamics of finite thickness multi-bladed rotors, and the full-span free-wake method is applied to simulating dynamics of rotor wake. These methods are tightly coupled through trailing-edge Kutta condition and by converting doublet-wake panels to full-span vortex filaments. A velocity-field integration technique is also adopted to overcome singularity problem during the interaction between the rotor wake and blades. Helicopter rotors including Caradonna-Tung, UH-60A, and AH-1G rotors, are simulated in hover and forward flight to validate the accuracy of this approach. The predicted aerodynamic loads of rotor blades agree well with available measured data and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) results, and the unsteady dynamics of rotor wake is also well simulated. Compared to CFD, the present method obtains accurate results more efficiently and is suitable to rotorcraft aeroelastic analysis.     

舰载机机身加筋壁板屈曲疲劳试验

舰载机弹射起飞和拦阻着舰的张力场屈曲波在机身壁板上产生附加的拉伸或弯曲应力,从而显著降低结构疲劳强度、改变疲劳破坏部位。以张力场梁形式的三点弯曲试验开展了反复屈曲下的疲劳特性研究。通过疲劳试验测得的临界屈曲载荷与按工程张力场理论得到的临界屈曲载荷对比,吻合较好。根据3级不同载荷水平下的疲劳试验结果,给出了张力场梁屈曲疲劳试件的无量纲载荷比-寿命曲线及载荷比-张力场系数曲线。根据张力场系数与载荷关系、载荷寿命曲线及飞机寿命指标可控制张力场的严酷程度来开展机身壁板轻量化设计。本项工作为舰载机机身壁板在弹射起飞和拦阻着舰过程中的反复屈曲疲劳问题评定积累了数据。     

Design and simulation of an innovative cylinder fabricated by selective laser melting

Additive Manufacturing (AM) processing has attracted wide attention due to its advantages, e.g., rapid prototyping and free design. In aeronautic and astronautic engineering, it is especially attractive to apply AM processing, especially Selective Laser Melting (SLM), into primary structures that always occupy most of the whole mass of aircraft or spacecraft. In this paper, an innovative lattice sandwich structure that is suitable to be manufactured with SLM is adopted to design the typical cylinder under axial compression. Firstly, the mechanical properties of pyramidal lattice are investigated, and the bearing capacity of the lattice sandwich cylinder is given analytically for each failure mode. Secondly, a composite cylinder is re-designed in the form of lattice sandwich structure, which sizes are ultimately obtained through optimization. Finally, finite element model of the innovative cylinder is established and several kinds of imperfection are introduced to simulate the defects caused by SLM. Numerical result shows that the lattice sandwich design can obviously enhance the bearing capacity of cylindrical shell even though the original one is designed with composite material. In other words, SLM has great potential in improving the primary structure of spacecraft in the future.     

国产5056铝蜂窝芯的制备与性能评价

针对太阳翼基板用高性能低密度5056铝蜂窝芯的需求,开展了国产5056超薄铝箔制备及配套阳极氧化表面处理、国产5056铝蜂窝的制备和性能评价。研制的国产5056铝蜂窝芯公称密度17.28 kg/m³,节点强度为1.87 kN/m,蜂窝芯裸压缩、平面压缩、L向剪切、W向剪切强度分别达到了0.29、0.31、0.38、0.27 MPa,力学性能均达到了进口蜂窝芯的水平。蜂窝芯胶膜热破工艺性能较好,网格夹层结构节点无脱开,弯曲刚度和强度测试值均达到了进口蜂窝测试值的水平,可以满足使用需求。试验结果可为后续高性能低密度铝蜂窝芯的型号应用及原材料国内自主保障提供数据基础及技术基础。     

复合材料加筋板损伤抑制带设计与分析

研究损伤抑制带对损伤扩展的抑制机理以及损伤止裂效果对于提高结构强度和效率具有重要意义。采用渐进损伤分析方法和有限元模型分析了抑制带对蒙皮/筋条的损伤扩展的抑制情况和发生机理;讨论了损伤抑制带数量和其沿蒙皮厚度的分布等设计变量对结构剩余强度的影响。结果表明：0°损伤抑制带将蒙皮损伤抑制在缘条附近并维持一段加载历程,从而提高了复合材料加筋板的承载能力;蒙皮的失效应力随着0°损伤抑制带层数的增加而增加;对于相同数量的0°损伤抑制带,其沿着蒙皮厚度的不同分布对结构承载能力的影响很小。     

二维弹性扑翼沉浮运动流动特性的数值研究

采用非定常势流板块法和Euler-Bernoul1i梁振动微分方程,对后缘带弹性薄板的翼型在作沉浮运动时翼型绕流和薄板弹性振动之间的流-固耦合过程进行数值模拟,并计算流动特性、非定常气动载荷,尤其是沉浮运动的推力效应.用有限差分法求解薄板的弹性变形运动,气动弹性分析采用弱耦合迭代方式.通过对翼型非定常气动力(升力和推力)、推进效率、尾迹脱落涡计算结果的分析发现,通过调整弹性薄板的刚度,可以使得翼型产生最佳的非定常推力.     

曲面型遮光罩的研制

介绍了一种曲面型蜂窝夹层结构遮光罩的研制技术,基于遮光罩的结构特点和技术要求,重点对材料选择、工艺方法、模具设计、技术难点及解决措施进行了讨论。结果表明:按照由内到外的胶接顺序采用两步固化工艺,能够解决曲面型遮光罩的成型问题,并满足各项设计要求。     

长桁与蒙皮脱粘对复合材料加筋板承载能力影响分析

复合材料结构在制造和使用过程中,难免产生分层损伤,这些损伤都会在不同程度上影响结构的承载能力。针对复合材料加筋板,采用有限元动态显式分析方法,分析长桁与蒙皮脱粘面积对加筋壁板结构屈曲和后屈曲承载能力的影响。在ABAQUS商业化有限元分析软件及其二次开发平台上,利用用户自定义材料(VUMAT)的方法对材料性能进行连续衰减,实现加筋板轴压载荷作用下的渐进式失效分析。建立了脱粘面积与结构承载能力之间的关系,研究结果可为合理制定复合材料构件缺陷验收标准和结构修理容限提供分析依据。     

平板焊接变形对铝合金搅拌摩擦焊加筋板

对搅拌摩擦焊加筋板筋条间平板的焊接几何变形形式进行了简化,参考Paik等人的统计分析结果给出了几何变形的幅值;采用有限元方法对结构的轴向压缩稳定性能进行数值计算,得到不同的几何变形形式对结构屈曲失稳和承载能力的影响,并分析了侧边支持条件对计算结果的影响。计算分析表明,总体上,文中定义的平板几何变形会使加筋板结构的一阶屈曲载荷增大,但会在一定程度上降低结构的承载能力;变形形式会影响结构的屈曲模态、屈曲载荷以及承载能力。