基于高速存储平台的高性能RS编译码器设计

目前,星载高速存储设备中采用商用RS编译码IP核来实现数据纠错功能,能够实现的编译码最高速率为800 Mbps,只能依靠多个IP核同时工作达到吉比特高速数据存取速率的要求。星载存储数据发生错误的主要原因是存储区单粒子翻转和存储介质本身特性产生的单比特数据错误。针对星载存储数据的误码特性,本文提出一种RS编译码改进算法,通过对编码算法中的剩余多项式及译码算法中的伴随多项式进行降次处理,减小编译码过程中运算的迭代次数及计算量,以及对编译码算法中的基本运算单元有限域乘法器采用子项复用技术,实现对传统RS编译码算法的改进。结果表明改进后的编译码器能达到最高数据速率为10.5 Gbps,编码器资源较单个商用IP核减少15%,译码器资源减少40%,能够满足后续高速存储平台的应用要求。     

一种高速可靠的大体量星载软件重构方案设计

随着星载软件的复杂度与体量不断增加,对软件在轨重构并进行更新维护的功能愈发重要。当软件越来越大时,使用低速通道进行重构的方案在时间上难以满足在一个测控弧段内重构软件的需求。同时,大软件使得数据存储空间更为紧缺,无法使用三模冗余等传统方法保证程序数据的可靠安全。因此,本文提出了一种使用高速通道的可靠的大体量星载软件重构方案。以固化在PROM （可编程只读存储器）上的引导监控程序作为根本保障,构建一个存于MRAM （磁随机存储器）上专门用于高速重构软件的安全模式程序作为方案核心,并给星载软件加入自重构功能作为最常用的重构方式。通过地面测试与在轨实验表明：该方案能够保证大体量软件重构功能的高速度与高可靠性,让星载软件的更新与维护更加安全与便捷。     

高速SpaceWire协议IP的可靠性增强方法

针对航天高速SpaceWire总线系统对协议IP的高可靠性要求,提出一种用于静态随机访问存储器(SRAM)型现场可编辑逻辑门阵列(FPGA)的增强三模冗余(TMR)方法。该方法对传统三模冗余和部分三模冗余做了改进,将需要进行三模冗余的原设计分为一般单元集和可靠性薄弱的关键单元集,对一般单元集中的每个单元做三模冗余,对关键单元集中的每个单元做顺序四模冗余。给出了顺序四模冗余的可靠度计算式和表决器的布尔表达式。建立了系统可靠性的马尔科夫模型并基于模型开展了可靠性仿真。仿真结果表明增强三模冗余系统的可靠性不仅明显优于传统三模冗余系统,而且优于部分三模冗余系统,使系统可靠性得到有效提高。     

SAR高速实时信号处理系统设计

合成孔径雷达回波数据速率一般高达3GSPS,如何采集、存储、压缩、传输如此高速率的数据成为一个难点。文章在分析了SAR回波数据特点的基础上,设计并实现了一个SAR高速实时信号处理系统。该系统以FP-GA为核心处理器、ADC08D1500为高性能的AD采集芯片、DDR_SDRAM为数据存储器、TLK2711为数据传输芯片。实验结果表明：本文设计的高速实时信号处理系统性能良好,能够很好地实时处理高速率的SAR回波数据。同时该系统易于实现,具有较强的实用性。     

高速数字图像数据传输的研究及实现

随着CCD相机几何分辨率和辐射分辨率的提高,其数据传输速率越来越高,传输通道也越来越多,因此对相机与采集卡之间（或者数传设备）的接口性能提出了更高的要求。文章基于并／串（串／并）转换功能的芯片．研究探讨了一种高速数字图像传输方法,可提高数据传输率,减少电缆数量,提高可靠性,为实现航天相机的轻型化、小型化作出一定的贡献。     

连续均匀热气流中液核/袋状破碎特性实验

为了获得热气流中单液滴液核/袋状破碎特性,采用高速摄像机对液滴变形、破碎过程进行了捕获.实验设计工况下所得结果表明:①液核/袋状破碎过程是液滴中液体流动与外界气动力共同作用下发生的,可以分为伞形破碎与勺形破碎;②液滴初始直径减小、气流温度增加,都可以降低液滴发生液核/袋状破碎所需最小气动力;③液滴破碎特征时间,随气动力增加呈负增长变化趋势,其值与变化梯度都随液滴初始直径增加而增大;④子液滴质量分数随气动力增加而增加,且随液滴初始直径增加而减小;⑤子液滴群质量分数的空间离散度都随气动力增加而增加.      

微流星体高速撞击航天器Whipple防护结构损伤特性研究(英文)

采用金刚石模拟高脆性、高熔点微流星体材料,对航天器典型Whipple防护结构进行高速撞击试验.试验表明,撞击产生的高温高压效应导致金刚石部分或全部转化为石墨,金刚石对防护结构的损伤主要体现在中低速阶段,当撞击速度大于4.3km/s时,对后板的灼烧损伤极为显著。     

Cost-driven design of small satellite remote sensing systems*

Earth remote sensing (alongside communications) is one of the key application of Earth-orbiting satellites. Civilian satellites in the LANDSAT and SPOT series provide Earth images which have been used for a vast spectrum of applications in agriculture, meteorology, hydrology, urban planning and geology, to name but a few. In the defence sector, satellite remote sensing systems are a critical tool in strategic and tactical planning – for the countries which can afford them. To date, remote sensing satellites have fallen into one of these two categories: military missions driven by the requirement for very high resolution and orbital agility; and multipurpose civil satellites using general purpose sensors to serve a diverse community of end users. For military-style missions, the drive to high resolution sets the requirements for optics, attitude control and downlink data bandwidth. For civil missions, the requirement to satisfy multiple, diverse user applications forces compromises on spectral band and orbit selection. Although there are exceptions, many small satellite remote sensing missions carry on in this tradition, concentrating on ultra high resolution products for multiple user communities. This results in satellites costing on the order of US $100 M, not optimised for any particular application. This paper explores an alternative path to satellite remote sensing, aiming simultaneously to reduce cost and to optimise imaging products for specific applications. By decreasing the cost of the remote sensing satellite system to a critical point, it becomes appropriate to optimise the sensor's spectral and temporal characteristics to fit the requirements of a small, specialised user base. The critical engineering trade-off faced in a cost driven mission is how to reduce mission cost while still delivering a useful product to the selected user. At the Surrey Space Centre, we have pursued an engineering path using two dimensional CCD array sensors, commercial off-the-shelf lenses and gravity-gradient stabilised microsatellites. In spite of the inherent limitations of such systems, recent successes with the Thai Microsatellite Company's Thai-Phutt satellite show that a system costing in the region of US $3 million, can approach the spectral and spatial characteristics of LANDSAT. Surrey's UoSAT-12 minisatellite (to be launched April, 1999) will further develop this cost-driven approach to provide 10 m panchromatic resolution and 30 m multi-spectral resolution. This paper describes the Thai-Phutt and UoSAT-12 imaging systems, explaining the engineering methods and trade-offs. Although Surrey is presently the only centre presently pursuing such implementations, our paper shows that they deserve wider consideration.     

Remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system and method for a moving target in wind tunnel

The measurement of position and attitude parameters for the isolated target from a high-speed aircraft is a great challenge in the field of wind tunnel simulation technology. This paper proposes a remote-controlled flexible pose measurement system in wind tunnel conditions for the separation of a target from an aircraft. The position and attitude parameters of a moving object are obtained by utilizing a single camera with a focal length and camera orientation that can be changed based on different measurement conditions. Using this proposed system and method, both the flexibility and efficiency of the pose measurement system can be enhanced in wind tunnel conditions to meet the measurement requirements of different objects and experiments, which is also useful for the development of an intelligent position and attitude measurement system. The position and the focal length of the camera also can be controlled remotely during measurements to enlarge both the vertical and horizontal measurement range of this system. Experiments are conducted in the laboratory to measure the position and attitude of moving objects with high flexibility and efficiency, and the measurement precision of the measurement system is also verified through experiments.     

A novel architecture of electro-hydrostatic actuator with digital distribution

To address the flow imbalance rapidly of the asymmetric Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA), this paper presents a novel architecture of asymmetric EHA with the Digital Distribution (EHA-DD). It also improves the flow nonlinearity and control accuracy of the pump, especially in the low-speed condition. The digital distribution with two High-Speed on–off Valves (HSVs) not only balances flow instead of the check valves, but also replaces the pump at the low-speed to control output flow by adjusting the PWM signal. The pump and HSVs are the crucial components to control flow output. Firstly, the flow calculation models of the pump and the duty ratio inversed model of the HSV are obtained through experimental tests and the identification method. To get the control input signal for the required flow, the pump speed and PWM duty ratio for the HSVs are inversed to compensate for flow output. Further, a multimode digital flow distribution control method based on pump speed, mainly including the pump-controlled mode for large flow demand and valve-controlled mode for little flow demand, is proposed to control the accurate flow output actively. The step extension experiments based on the flow calculation models are conducted on the EHA-DD prototype under elastic, opposite varying load. The results demonstrate that the EHA-DD realizes little position error by accurate flow control, and it is also beneficial to improve the service life of the pump.