不同边界层厚度下高马赫数进气道自起动过程研究

为了探寻入口边界层厚度变化对高马赫数进气道自起动性能的影响,对简化的二元高马赫数进气道的加速自起动过程进行数值仿真研究,分析了边界层厚度对自起动过程中流场波系结构变化和自起动性能的影响机制,获得了不同边界层厚度下的进气道自起动性能及主分离包高度的变化规律。结果表明:随着边界层相对厚度从0.05增加至0.3,进气道的自起动马赫数一开始保持不变,然后快速增大;相同主流条件下,不起动流场跨越主分离包无量纲压升和主分离包高度随边界层相对厚度的增大均变小;边界层动量损失厚度和跨越主分离包无量纲压升对进气道起动性能影响重大。     

极端低温下电液伺服阀温漂特性分析

针对电液伺服阀在极端低温下温漂大的问题，以＋40℃时电液伺服阀初始零偏为基准，采用线性回归方法分析了某型射流管伺服阀不同温度的零偏试验数据，得到了极端低温下的伺服阀温漂与＋40℃时初始零偏的数学关系。分析与试验结果表明：极端低温时射流管伺服阀的温漂与＋40℃时的初始零偏存在非常显著的线性关系。温漂与电液伺服阀制造与装配工艺过程密切相关，与结构及其装配不对称有关。电液伺服阀结构上的微观不对称现象，在极端低温下显现出来，尤其是呈现出较大的温漂。降低温漂的主要措施是提高电液伺服阀结构与装配的对称性，降低初始零偏。     

基于双镜反射法的亚角秒级小角度测量

针对工程应用中对静态或低频动态微小角度的高精度测量需求，基于双平面镜多次反射增大光线反射角的方法构建了一种二维偏转角度测量装置。分析了双镜反射法的计算原理，提出了一种评价测角不确定度的方法，进行了光路仿真和实测数据的比对，结果表明：利用该方法的测角装置可实现优于0.1″的测角精度，且测量结果稳定可靠，适用于静态或低频动态微小角度的精确测量。     

硅橡胶基防热涂层动态烧蚀行为及机理研究

针对两种典型硅橡胶基防热涂层开展高温燃气流烧蚀实验，通过对烧蚀后涂层的宏观及微观形貌分析，探讨了其防隔热机理及烧蚀模型。研究结果表明：烧蚀后两种涂层均存在液态层、陶瓷层、热解层以及原始层；烧蚀过程中甲基苯基硅橡胶涂层主要发生主链“回咬”成环反应，导致树脂基体交联密度降低，力学性能下降，涂层外表面发生开裂，甲基乙烯基硅橡胶涂层则主要发生侧基交联反应，使树脂基体交联密度上升，促进涂层发生陶瓷化转变；热辐射、热容吸热、热解反应吸热以及热阻塞效应为四种主要的热耗散机制，质量损失产生的原因主要包括反应气体释放以及气动剪切力导致的机械剥蚀。     

Ionospheric parameters in the European sector during the magnetic storm of August 25–26, 2018

Variations of ionospheric parameters Total Electron Content (TEC) by GNSS, critical frequency (foF2) by vertical sounding and electron density (Ne) by low-altitude satellite were studied at high, mid and low latitudes of the European sector during the magnetic storm of August 25–26, 2018. During the main phase of the storm the ionospheric F2-layer was under the positive disturbance at mid and low latitudes. Then the transition from the positive to negative ΔfoF2 values occurred at all latitudes. The recovery phase was characterized by negative ionospheric disturbance at all latitudes. This is due to the decrease of thermospheric O/N2 ratio during the recovery phase of the storm. The intense Es layers screened the reflections from the F2-layer on August 26th at high and at low latitudes but at different times. Some blackouts occurred due to the high absorption level at high latitudes. In general, foF2 and TEC data were highly correlated. The major Ne changes were at the low latitudes. In general, Ne data confirmed the ionospheric dynamics revealed with foF2 and TEC.     

GEO长寿命卫星热管在轨等温性能分析

热管是GEO长寿命卫星热控设计大量使用的重要传热元件，其在轨等温传热性能是影响卫星安全可靠工作的关键因素。针对中国在轨长期稳定运行的GEO长寿命卫星热管，基于热管在轨温度遥测数据，采用数理统计方法分析热管在轨等温性能随时间的实际变化规律，分析表明：GEO长寿命卫星热管在轨等温性能稳定性良好，等温性受热管自身温度水平影响较大，年周期内呈现季节性变化，全寿命周期内随飞行时间推移呈现性能衰减下降趋势，寿命末期等温性优于1.6℃，并从热管设计、热负荷大小与分布、使用环境等方面进行等温性改进分析及应用建议。     

配置点谱方法求解非均匀介质内辐射传热问题

发动机内的燃气等高温介质随着组分和浓度的变化，会引起折射率在空间上的非均匀分布，从而导致辐射能束沿着曲线传播，其相应的辐射传热过程也更为复杂。为了避免射线追踪方法的复杂计算、提高计算效率，本文提出了配置点谱方法求解二维非均匀介质内辐射传热问题。在求解过程中，角向采用离散坐标法处理，空间采用配置点谱方法处理。通过将三种非均匀介质内辐射传热问题的配置点谱方法结果与文献结果进行对比分析，发现配置点谱方法可以在较少的节点数下，获得准确、有效地计算结果。并且，采用配置点谱方法求解三种算例的计算时间均消耗较少，均在20分钟以内。这将为进一步开展发动机复杂结构内高温燃气辐射快速仿真提供基础。     

高频地波雷达海杂波背景下目标检测研究综述

高频地波雷达探测距离远、全天候、实时准确探测等优点在目标检测领域广泛应用。针对海杂波会干扰目标检测的问题，分别从非线性预测类、分形类、子空间分解类、对消类等方面对海杂波背景下目标检测方法进行了综合评估。归纳总结国内外相关文献，并对目前方法存在的不足进行总结。为以后深入研究海杂波干扰问题提供参考。     

Post-midnight equatorial irregularity distributions and vertical drift velocity variations during solstices

Longitudinal distributions of post-midnight equatorial ionospheric irregularity occurrences observed by ROCSAT-1 (1st satellite of the Republic of China) during moderate to high solar activity years in two solstices are studied with respect to the vertical drift velocity and density variations. The post-midnight irregularity distributions are found to be similar to the well-documented pre-midnight ones, but are different from some published distributions taken during solar minimum years. Even though the post-midnight ionosphere is sinking in general, longitudes of frequent positive vertical drift and high density seems to coincide with the longitudes of high irregularity occurrences. Large scatters found in the vertical drift velocity and density around the dip equator in different ROCSAT-1 orbits indicate the existence of large and frequent variations in the vertical drift velocity and density that seem to be able to provide sufficient perturbations for the Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) instability to cause the irregularity occurrences. The need of seeding agents such as gravity waves from atmospheric convective clouds to initiate the Rayleigh-Taylor instability may not be necessary.     

Experimental study of an insert and its influence on churning losses in a high-speed electro-hydrostatic actuator pump of an aircraft

The speed of an Electro-Hydrostatic Actuator (EHA) pump can recently reach 20000 r/min, and its churning losses increase obviously with an increasing speed, which results in low efficiency and thus increasing heat in aircraft EHA systems. In order to reduce churning losses at high speeds, more attention should be given to the design of an insert. In this paper, the effect of an insert with different design parameters on churning losses is investigated through Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulation and experiments by calculating the difference between churning losses torques of the test pump with and without the insert based on a high-speed churning losses test rig. Analytical results show that the gap between the insert and the cylinder is critical for churning losses reduction. It is found that the churning losses of the test pump can be reduced with a decreasing gap between the cylinder block and the insert at high speeds. This is because the insert can decrease the turbulence occurrence at high speeds. The results can be used for flow field analysis and optimization of the high-speed EHA pump and provide a new method for improving efficiency of high-speed EHA pumps.