氢氧火箭发动机高空模拟试验推力测量装置研制

为了保证氢氧火箭发动机高空环境下推力测量的准确性,针对氢氧发动机高空模拟试验的特点,结合推力测量装置的原理和实际布局的需求,开展了低温及真空环境影响下的推力测量装置结构设计研究。解决了小弹阻力的弹簧片设计技术、校准力与发动机推力轴线一致的控制技术、校准传力机构由动到静真空舱密封的实现技术以及管路约束力对推力测量影响的控制技术等难点,成功研制了一套推力测量装置,应用于某型火箭发动机试验中取得了较好的效果。     

抗磁性物质磁悬浮方法在空间生物学与生物技术中的应用

失重是特定空间运动条件下的重要环境物理特征之一, 一般以微重力环境来表示. 几十年来人类利用空间失重环境进行了多学科领域的科学研究与探索. 由于真实空间失重环境下科学实验机会稀少, 人类为研究空间失重环境或效应, 开发了多种地基的空间模拟实验技术方法. 然而, 对于空间生物学和空间生物技术研究而言, 已有的各种模拟实验技术手段在原理上和应用上均存在一定的局限性. 本文介绍了抗磁性物质在大梯度强磁场中的悬浮现象, 及将其用于模拟空间失重环境的方法与原理;简述了近年来利用抗磁性物质悬浮方法进行生物大分子晶体生长、分子细胞生物学及整体生物学等方面研究与应用的进展.      

空间目标一维距离像畸变补偿的混合算法

高分辨距离像的畸变补偿是空间目标ISAR成像过程中的重要环节。由于空间目标基带回波的模糊函数峰值落在包含原点的平行直线族上,根据平行直线族的约束边界建立了一个多目标规划模型,并利用正则化原理提出了一种目标速度估计的直接算法,具有解析解。将其作为迭代初值,进一步利用一维迭代搜索算法搜索距离像波形熵的最小值,获得了更精确的速度估计量。仿真结果表明,文章提出的混合搜索算法综合了解析算法和迭代搜索算法在计算量和准确性方面的优点,能有效估计空间目标径向速度并补偿一维距离像畸变。     

Thermosphere density and wind measurements in the equatorial region using a constellation of drag balance nanospacecraft

A mission for in situ thermosphere density and winds measurement is described, based on nanospacecraft equipped with a drag balance instrument (DBI) and a GPS receiver. The mission is based on nanosatellite clusters deployed in three orbital planes. In this study, clusters of 10 nanospacecraft are considered, leading to a mission based on a total of 30 nanospacecraft. The geometry analyzed is a symmetrical one, including an equatorial orbit and two orbits with the same inclination and opposing ascending nodes. The main idea is that, by combining the accurate information on the satellite inertial position and velocity provided by the GPS receiver and the drag acceleration intensity provided by the DBI, due to the orbits’ geometrical configuration, both atmospheric drag and wind can be resolved in a region close to the orbit nodes. Exploiting the Earth oblateness effect, a complete scan of the equatorial regions can be accomplished in the short mission lifetime typical of very low Earth orbit satellites, even in high solar activity peaks, when the expected nanospacecraft lifetime is about 40 days.     

Drag balance Cubesat attitude motion effects on in-situ thermosphere density measurements

The dynamics of Cubesats carrying a drag balance instrument (DBI) for in situ atmosphere density measurements is analyzed. Atmospheric drag force is measured by the displacement of two light plates exposed to the incoming particle flow. This system is well suited for a distributed sensor network in orbit, to get simultaneous in situ local (non orbit averaged) measurements in multiple positions and orbit heights, contributing to the development and validation of global atmosphere models. The implementation of the DBI leads to orbit normal pointing spinning two body system. The use of a spin-magnetic attitude control system is suggested, based only on magnetometer readings, contributing to making the system simple, inexpensive, and reliable. It is shown, by an averaging technique, that this system provides for orbit normal spin axis pointing. The effect of the coupling between the attitude dynamics and the DBI is evaluated, analyzing its frequency content and showing that no frequency components arise, affecting the DBI performance. The analysis is confirmed by Monte Carlo numerical simulation results.     

高能球磨与无压烧结制备高铌TiAl合金

以大粒度Ti-45Al-8.5Nb-0.2B-0.2W-0.1Y预合金粉末为原料,研究了高能球磨与无压烧结制备高铌TiAl合金工艺.结果表明高能球磨可显著改善合金粉末的压制性能,并对粉末的烧结致密化有促进作用;高能球磨60min的预合金粉末经过1500℃,2h无压烧结后,可获得高致密度、具有细小全层片组织的高铌TiAl合金,其抗压强度为3150MPa,相对压缩率为25.2%,显示出较好的室温压缩性能.     

固体火箭冲压发动机补燃室流场三维数值计算研究

应用概率密度函数非预混模型,对固体火箭冲压发动机补燃室内的湍流燃烧进行了数值模拟。模拟结果表明：补燃室内发生着复杂的三维化学反应流动,存在对掺混燃烧有重要影响的头部回流和轴向涡流。补燃室内复杂的温度分布和空气与燃气的掺混、燃烧及流动状态有密切关系。提高空燃比,可增强补燃室中燃气的回流和轴向涡流强度,加大掺混力度,从而提高燃烧效率。     

一种基于矩阵分裂的QC-LDPC码Log-BP译码方法

 针对高码率的准循环低密度奇偶校验码（QC-LDPC）提出了一种新的高效的log-BP部分并行译码结构,它通过矩阵分裂,将原监督矩阵分裂成多个小的矩阵,使原本的校验节点更新运算被拆分成多次处理,有效地降低了BP迭代运算的复杂度;通过组织不同小矩阵校验节点更新运算与变量节点更新运算的先后顺序,可以使不同小矩阵的校验节点更新运算与变量节点更新运算同时进行,从而提高译码器的译码速率。该方法既适用于非规则码,也适用于规则码。实验结果表明,与现有的log-BP译码方法相比,在相同的码速率下,校验节点更新单元（CNU）与变量节点更新单元（VNU）规模总量减小1/3;在相同的硬件资源下,译码速率提高1/3,另外该方法使CNU与VNU结构趋于对称,有利于设置更少的流水线级数,获得更好的时钟性能。     

RPC-LAP: The Rosetta Langmuir Probe Instrument

The Rosetta dual Langmuir probe instrument, LAP, utilizes the multiple powers of a pair of spherical Langmuir probes for measurements of basic plasma parameters with the aim of providing detailed knowledge of the outgassing, ionization, and subsequent plasma processes around the Rosetta target comet. The fundamental plasma properties to be studied are the plasma density, the electron temperature, and the plasma flow velocity. However, study of electric fields up to 8 kHz, plasma density fluctuations, spacecraft potential, integrated UV flux, and dust impacts is also possible. LAP is fully integrated in the Rosetta Plasma Consortium (RPC), the instruments of which together provide a comprehensive characterization of the cometary plasma. The LAP Team is listed in Table III.     

热喷涂技术在循环流化床锅炉中的应用

分析了循环流化床锅炉的磨损及原因,阐述了国内外用于高温抗冲蚀磨损热喷涂防护涂层的研究和应用进展.