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201.
202.
An experimental investigation on ignition characteristics with air-throttling in an ethylene-fueled scramjet under flight Ma 6.5 conditions was conducted.The dynamic process of air-throttling ignition was explored systematically.The influences of throttling parameters,i.e.,throttling mass rate and duration,were investigated.When the throttling mass rate was 45% of the inflow mass rate,ambient ethylene could be ignited reliably.The delay time from ignition to throttling was about 45–55 ms.There was a threshold of throttling duration under a certain throttling mass rate.It was shorter than 100 ms when the throttling mass rate was 45%.While a 45%throttling mass rate would make the shock train propagate upstream to the isolator entry in about10–15 ms,four lower throttling mass rates were tested,including 30%,25%,20%,and 10%.All of these throttling mass rates could ignite ethylene.However,combustion performances varied with them.A higher throttling mass rate made more ethylene combust and produced higher wall pressure.Through these experiments,some aspects of the relationships between ignition,flame stabilization,combustion efficiency,and air-throttling parameters were brought to light.These results could also be a benchmark for CFD validation. 相似文献
203.
一种带抽吸狭缝的新型短隔离段数值研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
为了缩短超燃冲压发动机隔离段长度以及提高它的耐反压能力,采用数值模拟方法研究了一种带抽吸狭缝的新型短隔离段,获得了隔离段的缩短程度以及耐反压能力提高的程度。结果表明,通过流向狭缝抽吸隔离段角流区内的低能附面层,可不降低隔离段耐反压能力而将其长度缩短30%左右。同一隔离段采用狭缝抽吸后,能够承受的最大反压从来流静压的3.46倍上升到3.74倍,提高了8%左右。合理的狭缝位置应在厚附面层一侧的隔离段前部角流区内,前倾角对隔离段性能的影响呈非线性特征,抽吸背压在亚临界范围时对隔离段性能的影响较明显,而在超临界范围时的影响则不明显。 相似文献
204.
《中国航空学报》2016,(2):297-304
Compressible starting flow at small angle of attack(Ao A) involves small amplitude waves and time-dependent lift coefficient and has been extensively studied before. In this paper we consider hypersonic starting flow of a two-dimensional flat wing or airfoil at large angle of attack involving strong shock waves. The flow field in some typical regions near the wing is solved analytically. Simple expressions of time-dependent lift evolutions at the initial and final stages are given. Numerical simulations by compuational fluid dynamics are used to verify and complement the theoretical results. It is shown that below the wing there is a straight oblique shock(OSW) wave,a curved shock wave(CSW) and an unsteady horizontal shock wave(USW), and the latter moves perpendicularlly to the wing. The length of these three parts of waves changes with time. The pressure above OSW is larger than that above USW, while across CSW there is a significant drop of the pressure, making the force nearly constant during the initial period of time. When, however, the Mach number is very large, the force coefficient tends to a time-independent constant, proportional to the square of the sine of the angle of attack. 相似文献
205.
Advances in modeling gradual solar energetic particle events 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
D. Lario 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2005,36(12):2279-2288
Solar energetic particles pose one of the most serious hazards to space probes, satellites and astronauts. The most intense and largest solar energetic particle events are closely associated with fast coronal mass ejections able to drive interplanetary shock waves as they propagate through interplanetary space. The simulation of these particle events requires knowledge of how particles and shocks propagate through the interplanetary medium, and how shocks accelerate and inject particles into interplanetary space. Several models have appeared in the literature that attempt to model these energetic particle events. Each model presents its own simplifying assumptions in order to tackle the series of complex phenomena occurring during the development of such events. The accuracy of these models depends upon the approximations used to describe the physical processes involved in the events. We review the current models used to describe gradual solar energetic particle events, their advances and shortcomings, and their possible applications to space weather forecasting. 相似文献
206.
《Acta Astronautica》2014,93(2):463-475
The influences of miscellaneous combustor structures for solid fuel scramjet combustion on the performance are investigated, including a detailed interaction analysis between shocks/waves and combustion. Hydroxyl-terminated polybutadiene is chosen as the solid fuel with the non-premixed equilibrium probability density function combustion model. The results show combustion enhancement when structure of combustor is modified. The radical emphasis is to examine the sensitivity of the properties due to variations on the length-to-depth ratio of cavity, aft wall angle, and offset ratio. It is noted that there is an appropriate structure of cavity (L/D=4, θ=45°, and Dd/Du=1.25–1.5) regarding the combustion efficiency, total pressure loss and specific impulse. The observation of function for combustor components provides instructional insight into the design considerations for a combustor of a solid-fuel scramjet. 相似文献
207.
M. Holmström M.R. Collier S. Barabash K. Brinkfeldt T.E. Moore D. Simpson 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(2):343-350
The low energy neutral atom imagers on Mars Express and IMAGE have revealed that the neutral atom populations in interplanetary space come from a variety of sources and challenge our current understanding of heliospheric physics. For example, both in cruise phase and at Mars, the neutral particle instrument NPD on Mars Express observed “unexplained neutral beams” unrelated to Mars which appear to be either of heliospheric or solar wind origin. Likewise, the NPI instrument on Mars Express has revealed streams of neutral atoms with different properties than those observed by NPD. Independently, IMAGE/LENA has reported neutral atom observations that may be interpreted as a “secondary stream” having different characteristics and flowing from a higher ecliptic longitude than the nominal upstream direction. Both sets of observations do not appear to fit in easily with the neutral atom environment from 1.0 to 1.57 AU as it is currently understood. In this paper, we examine some highly suggestive similarities in the IMAGE/LENA and Mars Express/ASPERA-3/NPI data to try to determine potential origins for the observed signal. 相似文献
208.
M.D. Ngobeni M.S. Potgieter 《Advances in Space Research (includes Cospar's Information Bulletin, Space Research Today)》2008,41(2):373-380
The observation of the directional distribution of energetic and cosmic ray particles has been done with the Voyager spacecraft over a long period. Since 2002, when the first flux enhancements of charged particles associated with the approach of Voyager 1 to the solar wind termination shock were observed, these anisotropy measurements have become of special interest. They play an important role to understand the magnetic field and shock structure and the basics of the modulation of cosmic ray and anomalous particles at and beyond the termination shock. They also serve as motivation to study the spatial behavior of galactic and anomalous cosmic ray anisotropies with numerical modulation models in order to illustrate how the radial anisotropy, at different energies, change from upstream to downstream of the termination shock. Observations made by Voyager 1 indicate that the termination shock is a complicated region than previously thought, hence the effects of the latitude dependence of the termination shock’s compression ratio and injection efficiency on the radial anisotropies of galactic and anomalous protons will be illustrated. We find that the magnitude and direction of the radial anisotropy strongly depends on the position in the heliosphere and the energy of particles. The effect of the TS on the radial anisotropy is to abruptly increase its value in the heliosheath especially in the A > 0 cycle for galactic protons and in both polarity cycles for anomalous protons. Furthermore, the global effect of the latitude dependence of the shock’s compression ratio is to increase the radial anisotropy for galactic protons throughout the heliosphere, while when combined with the latitude dependence of the injection efficiency this increase depends on modulation factors for anomalous protons and can even alter the direction of the radial anisotropy. 相似文献
209.
当代金属类阻尼材料及其应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
论述了金属类阻尼材料的减振降噪机理,介绍了具有代表性的各种阻尼材料的物理机械性能,以及它们的应用情况等。 相似文献
210.