会聚爆轰加速金属粉喷涂的激波管研究

利用一种可在卧式激波管中研究粉末冶金的装置——喷涂管研究了爆轰喷涂金属粉时工作气体配比对金属粉氧化的影响。研究表明,工作气体按化学当量配比时,金属粉只有极少量的氧化物;工作气体为富氧时,大部分金属粉被氧化。为了观察高速粉末的喷涂能力,利用白色瓷砖作为工件来进行喷涂,结果表明:金属粉完全打入瓷砖内,利用喷涂管已能把较难熔的金属粉喷涂在各种材料上。     

模锻件流线穿流的形成原因及预防方法

穿流是L型、U型、H型截面的模锻件容易出现的一种低倍缺陷。本文分析了产生穿流的原因,提出了避免锻件流线穿的措施。     

The influence of microbial associations on germination of wheat seeds and growth of seedlings under impact of zinc salts

The life support systems (LSS) for long-term missions are to use cycling-recycling systems, including biological recycling. Higher plants are the traditional regenerator of air and producer of food. They should be used in many successive generations of their reproduction in LSS.     

A321机型大过载着陆的QAR数据分析和探讨

A321是A320系列飞机中最大的成员,它和较小的A319存在一些不同的飞行特点。本文针对着陆接地阶段,从A321在接地后容易出现超过接地时的第二个过载峰值现象出发,通过QAR数据对比和理论分析,试图对这一现象进行理论解释,并进一步分析了A321带油门接地导致的这一现象加重的问题,对A321飞机着陆提出了安全操作建议。     

不同孔径金属腹板稳定性及补强措施分析北大核心CSCD

针对金属腹板在不同开孔直径下的剪切稳定性,采用有限元弹性屈曲分析方法进行研究。并为补偿开孔后稳定性的损失,探讨了常用的加强环、法兰的加强方式在不同开孔尺寸下的加强效果。结果表明:金属腹板的稳定性随开孔直径的增加呈下降趋势,增加法兰翻边高度和厚度提高腹板稳定性的效果明显,当翻边高16 mm,法兰厚度1.5 mm时补强效果最好。这是由于增加法兰翻边高度和厚度相当于提高了开孔周边的刚度,而刚度对腹板稳定性有显著的影响。     

An innovative constraining ring rolling process for manufacturing conical rings with thin sterna and high ribs

Conical rings with thin sterna and high ribs (CRTSHR) are key bearing-load parts of aerospace equipment, which are required to be manufactured with high performance and efficiency. Traditional ring rolling is the most preferred method for manufacturing high-performance ring parts, but it can hardly achieve the forming of CRTSHR due to the extreme geometry of CRTSHR. To solve this difficulty, an innovative constraining ring rolling process (CRR) is proposed in this paper to manufacture CRTSHR. To evaluate the proposed CRR and reveal its deformation behaviors, a thermomechanical coupled FE model for CRR of CRTSHR is established. Then, the experiment for CRR of CRTSHR is performed on a modified ring rolling machine, which proves that CRR of CRTSHR is feasible and the established FE model is reliable. Based on the reliable FE model, the metal flow mode in deformed CRTSHR is analyzed, and the deformation characteristics such as the stress state, strain distribution and the evolution of power parameters in CRR of CRTSHR are revealed. Finally, the influences of key parameters such as the friction factor between ring and molds, the diameter of idle roll and the feed velocity of idle roll on CRR of CRTSHR are investigated by FE simulation.     

Radially loading rotary extrusion for manufacturing large-size conical cylinders with inner transverse high ribs

The Large-size Conical Cylinders with Inner Transverse High Ribs (LCCWITHR) can reduce the weight of the parts while maintaining high rigidity and strength. Radially Loading Rotary Extrusion (RLRE) forming technology can achieve integral forming of LCCWITHR through the synergy of radial and rotary movements of dies. The flow law of the material during the forming process is the key to forming large-size inner ribs. At present, there is no unified understanding of the metal flow law of RLRE forming technology. An analytical expression was derived to predict the Radial Direction (RD) deformation loads. The FE simulation and process experiment were carried out to investigate the effects of the inclination angle, thickness factor and transition arc radius of the split top dies on the spacing of the metal diversion plane, the metal flow velocity of the rib area and the final radius of the inner rib. The influence of the split top dies loading distance and the bottom die rotation angle of each pass on the inner radius of the inner rib was verified. And the optimal combination of dies shape parameters and loading paths which can make the metal flow orderly was obtained: the inclination angle is 140°, the thickness factor is 3.64, the transition arc radius is 16 mm; the top dies loading distance is 15 mm, the bottom die rotation angle is 45°. The FE simulation results have been found to be in close agreement with physics experiment. The research results reveal the metal flow law of rib growth in the RLRE of LCCWITHR, which lays a theoretical foundation for subsequent thorough research and process optimization.     

Metal flow hysteresis behavior and shape control strategy during porthole die extrusion of micro heat pipe

The shape control strategy of micro grooves is still unclear and challenging during the porthole die extrusion of grooved micro heat pipe (MHP). Through the simulation and experiment of porthole die extrusion of a MHP profile, the metal flow hysteresis behavior within micro features and the effect of ram speed and extrusion temperature on it and the resulting forming integrity was elucidated. Innovatively, Taguchi design and variance analysis (ANOVA) were introduced to determine their influence magnitude on the metal flow uniformity calculated by simulation results. The main findings are given below. The metal flow hysteresis derives from part feature size effect. The negligible friction-affected area during conventional extrusion severely slows down the metal flow within micro features during the MHP profile extrusion, which is due to the surge in the area ratio of the friction-affected area to the region in which it is located. Neither ram speed nor extrusion temperature can change the distribution of the friction-affected area. However, increasing ram speed multiplies the metal flow hysteresis and severely reduces the forming integrity, whereas extrusion temperature has little effect. Following this strategy, batch extrusion of the profile with micro-grooved width of 0.27 ± 0.02 mm was achieved in industrialized conditions.     

基于航空金属部件成型工艺的发展现状

航空工业现如今已经成为能够衡量一个国家国防硬实力的标准之一，航空部件的性能指标标志着航空工业的发展水平，而其中占据绝大部分的航空金属部件更决定了航空部件性能指标的好坏，因此航空金属部件的成型工艺就显得尤为重要。本文综述了目前国内外航空部件生产主要成型工艺的相关研究，包括液态成型、塑性成型和粉末冶金成型在航空金属部件中的应用及发展现状。指出了目前航空金属部件成型工艺存在着工艺单一、能耗大等不足之处，同时对航空金属部件的成型工艺的发展进行了展望，提出了航空工业成型工艺的结合化、智能化和绿色化将会是未来航空工业发展趋势。     

Modelling and analysis of metal flowing behaviors in constraining ring rolling of tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs

Tapered ring with thin wall and three high ribs(TRTWTHR), showing complicated geometry(wall thickness is less than 4 mm and rib height exceeds 20 mm), is extensively utilized to fabricate the critical structural parts of aerospace equipment such as spacecraft cabin, rocket body and fuel tank because of light weight and high carrying capacity. How to fabricate TRTWTHR with high performance is a critical problem that aerospace area needs to solve. In this work, constraining ring rolling(CRR) techn...